Journal of the Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic" SASA - Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic"
Not a member yet
302 research outputs found
Sort by
CONCEPT OF POLYCENTRICITY—THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN DEVELOPMENT POLICIES AND SPATIAL REALITY
Full text linkContemporary scientific literature and strategic documents suggest the concept of polycentricity as a key factor and the aim of regional development policies. One of the aims of this study is to analyze spatial relations between the nodal regions and to determine (calculate) the level of polycentricity in the region of Vojvodina (Northern Serbia). By quantifying spatial relations in the region (using selected methods), we pointed out the relevance of regional development policies, i.e., the extent to which the proposed measures for reducing regional inequalities are in line with the direction of contemporary spatial relations in the region of Vojvodina. We have used four different methodological tools: rank-size rule, urban primacy index, index of functional centrality, and commuting patterns (levels of functional dependence). The obtained results identified the existence of morphological polycentricity, but also the growing domination of the cities of Novi Sad and Belgrade in regulating and managing spatial and functional relations in the region of Vojvodina. These results are not completely in line with the development directions declared in the strategic documents. Our approach focuses on assessing the influence of the main nodal (sub)centers in managing further spatial and functional relations in the region of Vojvodina
VEGETATION COVER EFFECTS ON SEDIMENT CONCENTRATION AND OVERLAND FLOW UNDER ARTIFICIAL RAINFALL INTENSITY
Full text linkSoil erosion depends on a number of factors including rainfall intensity, density of plant cover, and area cover. The objective of this study is to investigate the impact of these factors on flow velocity, overland flow regimes, sediment concentration, and absolute soil detachment. The soil used in this study was sandy remolded agricultural soil. The soil is packed in a tray of 1 m2 fixed on a slope of 3%; five different intensities were simulated under different vegetation cover (density and area). The results indicated that the overland flow velocity with vegetation cover was best described by polynomial function. The mean flow velocity varied from 0.021 to 1.244 m/s. Overland flow regime is subcritical and laminar. However, there are significant relationships between the vegetation cover density and sediment concentration and absolute soil detachment. The sediment concentration ranged from 1.38 to 5.65 kg/m3 whereas the absolute soil detachment ranged from 0.021×10–3 to 1.244×10–3 kg/m2/s. Finally, the vegetation cover presented a good protector to soil sediment from erosion
RE-BALANCING OF INTENSIVE AND EXTENSIVE FACTORS IN THE CENTER–PERIPHERAL SYSTEM UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT
Full text linkRegional development prospects depend on a set of factors, among which the most essential are the population density, distance between actors, and the level of development. Those aspects are revealed, on one hand, while analyzing the type of regional development (intensive or extensive), and on the other hand, from the standpoint of the center–peripheral model. An assessment of the sectoral structure of employed people in the economy of the region and the population density are also used to identify the development type. The combination of these approaches makes it possible to identify the regional capacity for innovations diffusion and knowledge spillover. The aim of the research is to assess regional differences in the economy sectoral structure for identifying the innovative and extensive types of Russian regions. There are other methods used in the research as well: cartographic analysis, structural-sectoral analysis, and typology. The types of regions characterized by disproportions of intensive and extensive development have been identified. Measures are proposed to realize the regional economic potential. The issues of the territorial transformation of the settlement system and economic space are discussed. Further research is associated with an extended analysis of intensive development factors and cross-county comparison of the factors of innovations diffusion intensity and knowledge spillover
THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE VOLUME OF LABOR MIGRATION, EMPLOYMENT, AND REMITTANCES
Full text linkFlows of external labor migration in most cases occur under the influence of the internal economic and political situation in the country; however, in 2020 these trends changed significantly for reasons which did not depend on the socio-economic situation. In order to determine the volume of labor migration in 2020, an analysis was conducted. According to the results, it has been concluded that, despite the restrictive quarantine measures implemented in the European Union (EU) that caused the partial return of migrants to their countries, the rise in unemployment and slow economic growth, labor migrants are highly employed in key occupations of EU that are vital in the fight against coronavirus disease (COVID-19). It has been noticed that EU countries increase the number of officially issued residence permits to citizens of non-member countries every year, and Ukraine has become the absolute leader in the number of received residence permits, as well as the leader among European countries by the volume of the received remittances. An abstract-logical and systematic approach, analytical, comparative, graphical, and critical methods were used in the study. Prospects for external labor migration of Ukrainians to European countries have been identified
RESILIENCE OF TOURISM EMPLOYEES TO CHANGES CAUSED BY COVID-19 PANDEMIC
Full text linkAlthough tourism is an industry that has become resistant to various problems over time, the consequences left by COVID-19 pandemic have taken on global proportions. Serbia, like many other countries, has suffered a great damage in tourism industry since the beginning of the pandemic. However, research on the connection between COVID-19 and tourism in Serbia is in its infancy. As no research has been conducted in Serbia on the resilience of employees in different sectors of tourism, the main goal of this study is to determine the extent to which employees in tourism sectors in Serbia are resilient to changes caused by COVID-19 pandemic. Also, the study aimed to determine the intentions in the behavior of employees after the pandemic. Respondents who participated in the research are employed in various sectors of tourism (travel agencies, travel organizations, tourist guides, employees in the hospitality industry, and academic sector). To achieve goals, the survey was conducted among 264 participants in November and December 2020. A scale of 50 statements was applied, and by applying the Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA), three resilience factors (competence, communication, and self-efficiency) were singled out. The results of the research show that employees in tourism are largely resilient to the changes, and the strongest factor that stands out among the respondents is competence. In addition, study proved that all the factors of the resilience are expected to have a positive effect on the behavior of employees in the post-crisis period
PUBLIC PERCEPTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND ITS IMPACT ON NATURAL DISASTERS
Full text linkThe aim of the research is the examination of the factors influencing the public perception of climate change and its impact on natural disasters. This paper presents the results of quantitative research regarding testing the central hypothesis where education is the predicting variable of public perception of climate change and its impact on natural disasters. A multivariate regression analysis was used, identifying the extent of the total scores of the main dependent variables (perception of vulnerability to climate change, perception of the climate change impact on natural disasters, knowledge and fear scores) were associated with five demographic and socio-economic variables: gender, age, marital status, education level, and employment status. A series of 208 face-to-face interviews were conducted during the beginning of 2020 on the central squares in the selected cities in Serbia, Belgrade (76.92%) and Sremska Mitrovica (23.08%). The results showed that education level was the most effective predictor of the mentioned research variables. Besides, employment status has been found to affect perceptions of vulnerability, while age affects the perceptions of climate change. Based on the obtained results, policies and strategies to improve people's awareness of climate change must take into account a comprehensive understanding of behavioral dispositions
THE IMPORTANCE OF NATURE-BASED TOURISM FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT—A REPORT FROM THE SELECTED BIOSPHERE RESERVE
Full text linkSpecial Nature Reserve (SNR) Gornje Podunavlje is located in the northwestern part of Serbia, on the left bank of the Danube, along the border of Croatia and Serbia. This area is a significant spatial unit for the development of nature-based tourism and ecotourism. It is part of Bačko Podunavlje Biosphere Reserve, protected by UNESCO, and a wider area of Transboundary Biosphere Reserve Mura–Drava–Danube, which includes 10 protected natural areas in five countries. The research aims to examine the attitudes of the local population about the state of sustainable tourism development in the SNR Gornje Podunavlje using a questionnaire. A total of 205 respondents expressed their satisfaction with the environmental, economic, and socio-cultural aspects of sustainability. After quantitative analysis, the results of the research can provide nature conservation guidelines and specify the role of protected natural areas in sustainable tourism development. As the most important dimensions of sustainability, the residents highlighted the Socio-cultural and Institutional dimensions of sustainable tourism development. Slightly lower values, according to the attitudes of residents, were given to Environmental and Economic sustainability. The results of the research indicate that this destination can be important for the development of sustainable tourism. By adopting the planned management measures, this protected natural area can be a significant destination for ecotourism and other forms of nature-based tourism
THE GEOGRAPHY OF SERBIA
Full text linkThe manuscript represents a review of the monograph publication entitled The Geography of Serbia, published by the Geographical Institute ''Jovan Cvijić'' SASA in Belgrade. The aim of the review is to present this significant book to the scientific community, which gathered fifty-six, mainly young researchers who courageously accepted to write the study of special national importance, and include a vast geographical material from physical geography, human geography and related disciplines into a unique whole
FOREST FIRES IN FINLAND – THE INFLUENCE OF ATMOSPHERIC OSCILLATIONS
Full text linkIn Finland, in the period 1996–2017, 28,434 forest fires were recorded (an average of 1,292.5 per year), and the total burned area was 11,922 ha (an average of 541.9 ha per year). In both cases, a statistically non-significant downward trend was recorded. Forest fires in Finland do not represent a particularly significant problem, primarily due to climatic characteristics, well-organized fire protection, and low density of population. The research of climate influence included the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO), the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), and the Arctic Oscillation (AO). The statistically significant values (p ≤ .05) of Pearson correlation coefficient were recorded for the August values of NAO and the surface area of burned forest (−0.44), the June values of NAO and the average surface area of forest burned per fire (−0.51) and the May AO values and the average surface area of forest burned per fire (−0.45). For the June values of NAO and the average surface area of forest burned per fire, the Lomb periodogram shows four significant peaks, and the match is at two, at 2.4 and 3.4 years, which supports the hypothesis of the connection between NAO and forest fires in Finland
ESTIMATION OF SOIL EROSION DYNAMICS USING REMOTE SENSING AND SWAT IN KOPAONIK NATIONAL PARK, SERBIA
Full text linkSoil erosion is a global environmental and economic problem that is significantly related to land-use changes. Over the last decades, several mountain areas in Serbia were exposed to strong human pressure caused by winter tourism development. The largest ski center in Serbia is situated on Kopaonik Mountain within the boundaries of Kopaonik National Park, where the conflict between economic and conservation goals is rapidly growing. In this study, we calculated the sedimentation and surface runoff in three sub-basins in the area of the Kopaonik ski resort for two years (1984 and 2018) using the SWAT and analyzed the changes that occurred during the observed period. The results show an increase in surface runoff and sediment yield in sub-basins 1 and 3 and a decrease in sub-basin 2. Analysis of land cover change shows an expansion of evergreen forests, appearance of barren soil and urban areas, reduction of mixed forests and pastures, and appearance of deciduous forests. These findings indicate that in the area studied, the dominant processes are the development of tourism and natural revegetation of abandoned agricultural land. Application of remote sensing techniques and SWAT contributes to identifying and monitoring land degradation problems and improving conservation and management practice