Journal of the Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic" SASA - Geographical Institute "Jovan Cvijic"
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SPATIAL PATTERNS OF ENTERTAINMENT MOBILITY IN CITIES
Full text linkCultural and entertainment activities have become an important part of the life of the city's population. Spaces of entertainment are being developed in almost all parts of the city—in the inner city, in larger neighborhoods both in the city center and on the outskirts, near the centers of labor, shopping areas (e.g., attractive streets or shopping malls), or recreation areas. Hence the need to research the spatial patterns of entertainment mobility in the city. Studies to date have found that people spatially adjust their consumer activities (including entertainment) to their primary functions (housing, going to work, school, and college). This paper examines mobility for the entertainment of various socio-economic groups (employees, students, unemployed, and pensioners). Attention is also focused on examining the neighborhood's entertainment mobility—near the place of residence. The paper uses data from the survey on daily population mobility in the territory covered by the General Plan of Belgrade (GPB), Serbia, conducted in 6,357 households. The main part of the research is the spatial analysis of the patterns of residents’ mobility for entertainment. Spatial analyses is based on mapping of entertainment movements, and then interpreting the obtained cartographic representations. Based on that, regularities are recognized, i.e., spatial patterns of entertainment in the city
GEOINFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE EVALUATION OF SHORT-TERM GEOMORPHIC CHANGE: AN EXAMPLE OF DAMDERE DEBRIS FLOOD AREA (BULGARIA)
Full text linkA debris flood is a hazardous hydrogeomorphic process that can change the topographic surface in a short time due to a high streamflow and a large volume of sediment transport. Large areas of the Eastern Rhodopes Mountains (Bulgaria) are susceptible to erosion, debris flows, and debris floods due to loose earth masses, rare vegetation, and alternating dry and wet periods with extreme rainfall. The study area is located in the lower part of the river Damdere catchment and covers the area around the check dam. Studying the geomorphic changes of the debris flood areas can provide information about the behavior of the event, and contribute to the development of mitigation measures. In the current research, the data are obtained using terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) during two campaigns (in October 2019 and August 2021). After processing the raw TLS data, two pairs of ground point clouds have been obtained—for the area immediately before the check dam and for the one after the dam. To evaluate the changes in the topographic surface, two approaches are applied: (1) measuring the distance between the successive point clouds (M3C2 algorithm) and (2) measuring the differences between the digital terrain models in geographic information system environment (DoD method). Both approaches have shown similar results and indicated active hydrogeomorphic processes. The relatively large volume of deposition after the check dam is an indicator for the decrease in the retaining capacity of the check dam, which is a prerequisite for the increase of a flood risk
COVID-19 AND INTERNAL MIGRATION IN SERBIA—GEOGRAPHICAL PERSPECTIVE
Full text linkInternal migration is an essential part of regional population change. Driven by various determinants, internal migration has been unequal across time and space. Migration responses to the changes in societal circumstances make it relevant to investigate the spatial and temporal dimension of internal migration in Serbia before and in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. The research aims to identify to what extent and in what way the pandemic has changed the magnitude and geographical patterns of internal migration in Serbia. The study is based on additionally processed official statistics on internal migration for the period 2018–2020, from March to December for each year, at the municipal, district (oblast, plural—oblasti), and regional levels. These are aggregate administrative data on usual residence registration by month. The derived data on the net migration rate is cartographically presented using the classification method natural Breaks (Jenks). Spatial dependence was assessed applying the spatial autocorrelation method, based on the Local Moran statistic. The results revealed that the pandemic affected not only the volume of internal migration but also its spatial patterns. The findings present new insights on the role of internal migration in reallocation of population across Serbia before and during the COVID-19 pandemic while underlying the importance of further research to deepen the understanding of internal migration trends upon the COVID-19 outbreak
RESEARCH ON THE FREQUENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHING METHODS IN GEOGRAPHY CLASSES: AN EXAMPLE OF SELF-OBSERVATION OF TEACHING PRACTICES
Full text linkSince the school year (SY) 2019/2020, the curriculum of Geography has been gradually implemented in Croatia. The purpose of this survey is to gather information on the frequency and effectiveness of teaching methods in Geography teaching over two school years by means of direct participant observation method. In the SY 2020/2021, a study was carried out in two high schools in Osijek-Baranja County for three learning outcomes. Using a pre-made template for the self-observation of the teaching process, 12 lessons in the second and the third grade were observed and later interpreted using descriptive statistics methods. During the SY 2021/2022, the same method was carried out for eight lessons in six schools with a high-school program for three learning outcomes in the second grade, two in the third grade, and one in the fourth grade. Results show the domination of the discussion teaching method, followed by indirect graphic method, and then work-on-text method, while among the most common methods used, the rarest are oral presentation (done by pupils) and direct graphic method. The results found demonstrate a significant shift toward the use of more effective teaching methods compared to older papers in Croatia. The students reported a higher level of satisfaction with the lessons than the teachers did. The method of direct participant observation, complemented with a structured interview, can provide relevant information on the quality of teaching as a prerequisite for the achievement of the learning outcomes specified in the curriculum for Geography
COVID-19: DETERMINING THE CHANGING MOTIVATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL SECOND HOME TOURISTS IN COASTAL TURKEY
Full text linkThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought dramatic changes in all the areas of life, and has inflicted many societal costs. The negativities in the field of health and economy are the prominent ones. The whole process significantly affected human behavior, preferences, and priorities. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of COVID-19 on the motivations of international second home tourists (ISHOT). In addition, motivations for buying or renting a second home in the pre-pandemic period, the push and pull factors affecting their decision to stay in a destination, and the emotional experience they had during the pandemic were also interpreted in the study. Qualitative data research method was used with semi-structured interview forms. In-depth interviews were conducted with 26 ISHOTs living in Alanya, coastal Turkey. The results proved that there were significant differences between pre-pandemic and post-pandemic motivations of ISHOTs for second homes. In the pre-pandemic period, increasing the quality of life, being happy, providing mental health and well-being, emotional relaxation, and getting away from stress were in the frame among the reasons that pushed ISHOTs to acquire second homes. During the pandemic, it was determined that these motivations were replaced by feelings such as anxiety, complaint, protection instinct, uncertainty, and a trust pledge. Low risk, information provision, hygiene, and health system were important reasons that pulled ISHOTs to their second homes during the pandemic process. Insecurity, late intervention, the health system, the risk of being infected, and inadequate precautions were the reasons pushing them away from their home countries
SELECTED ASPECTS OF THE LIFEWORLD OF YOUNG WOMEN ILLUSTRATED BY THE DISTRICT OF SOUTH-EASTERN STYRIA
Full text linkThe worldwide trend of migration from the peripheral rural areas (“rural exodus”) to the central areas of a region raises the question of how to deal with it in some regions of Austria. On the one hand, the loss of population always represents a loss of importance for a municipality, whereas on the other hand, a strong influx puts a strain on the central areas and the increased land consumption poses a challenge for the environment and spatial planners. Depending on the region, this can have various causes, whereby specific pull factors of the central areas as well as a set of push factors of the surroundings are relevant. Within the framework of a study lasting several years and using a mix of selected methods, an attempt was made to work out or characterize those aspects of the female rural lifeworld that represent the decisive factors for shaping the further life paths of women. In this context, the economic structure and organization proved to be particularly important factors for successful economic and land use development, sufficient natural resources, and environmental quality for housing and quality of life as well as a potential for a leisure economy, good accessibility, and infrastructure in terms of transport development and information and telecommunication technologies (distance to the higher-level economic centers is a significant obstacle to development). Finally, cultural values, social trends, and human capital with the existing gender-specific role patterns also play a certain role in the consideration of migration
GEOMORPHOMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF THE RIVER DRAINAGE NETWORK AT AL-SHAKAK BASIN (IRAQ)
Full text linkThis paper studies geomorphometric characteristics of the Al-Shakak drainage basin, which is one of the valleys of the eastern Al-Jazirah region in the eastern parts of the Misan Governorate in southern Iraq. The natural factors, which are represented by surface, geological structure, and climate, have a direct impact on forming these characteristics, such as the stream orders, stream length, mean stream length, bifurcation ratio, stream frequency, drainage density, and channel maintenance. The values of these parameters vary at the level of the main basin and the secondary basins. The total stream orders of the Al-Shakak main basin reached five orders, and their values varied at the level of the secondary basins. As for the lengths of the streams of the main Al-Shakak basin, they reached 175.607 km, most of which were in the large basins. Regarding the average length of the streams, it is measured 0.805 km at the level of the main basin, 0.766 km at the level of the first order, and 0.445 km at the level of the fourth order. The values of the river bifurcation of Al-Shakak basin 1 amount to 3.476, which is the highest value. As for Al-Shakak basin 3, it reached 1.3, which is the lowest value. In addition, the value of the stream frequency of the Al-Shakak basin amounts to 2.253 km/km2, and the drainage density reached 1.786 km/km2, with the channel maintenance being 0.561 km2/km
URBAN FLOODS MANAGEMENT USING AHP AND FMEA METHODS—CASE STUDY OF BEJAIA, ALGERIA
Full text linkThis study aims to help the management of the Stormwater Drainage System (SDS) of Bejaia City to manage urban flood problems, i.e., to provide them with tools for a better organization of information on SDS combined with a better optimization of its interventions on the network. Our study is based on a multicriteria analysis of the “SDS–inundation–Impact” system. We used a multicriteria approach and classified the overflow points called Black Points (BPs) using two methods: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Failure Mode, Effect and criticality Analysis (FMEA). The criteria and the evaluation scale were defined on the basis of past observations, expert opinions, and feedback experience. The map of the past flooded areas was made and used to calibrate the two models. We mapped the BPs according to intervention priorities (one to four). The outcomes from both models are greatly comparable to the results of the impact assessment of past floods. The proposed approach can also reduce flood risks by integrating some of influencing factors (causing floodings) and the application can be adapted and implemented in other cities too. Both methods are reliable, particularly the AHP for the most overflowing BPs. They could be advantageously combined to improve decision-making
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR SIMULATION AND PREDICTION OF LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES AND URBAN GROWTH (CASE STUDY: SANANDAJ CITY IN IRAN)
Full text linkOne of the growing areas in the west of Iran is Sanandaj city, the center of Kordestan province, which requires the investigation of the city's growth and the estimation of land degradation. Today, the combination of remote sensing data and spatial models is a useful tool for monitoring and modeling land use and land cover (LULC) changes. In this study, LULC changes and the impact of Sanandaj city growth on land degradation in geographical directions during the period 1989 to 2019 were investigated. Also, the accuracy of three models, artificial neural network-cellular automata (ANN-CA), logistic regression-cellular automata (LR-CA), and the weight of evidence-cellular automata (WOE-CA) for modeling LULC changes was evaluated, and the results of these models were compared with the CA-Markov model. According to the results of the study, ANN-CA, LR-CA, and WOE-CA models, with an accuracy of more than 80%, are efficient and effective for modeling LULC changes and growth of urban areas
WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT: METHODS, APPLICATIONS AND CHALLENGES
Full text linkThe paper represents a review of the monograph entitled Water Resources Management: Methods, Applications and Challenges, published in the series of Water Resources Planning, Development and Management by the Nova Science Publishers Inc. The aim of the review is to present a prominent monograph of international significance to the scientific community and broader readership. The monograph contains various aspects of water resources management, including their use for different purposes and impacts of natural factors and anthropogenic pressures on water resources