Högskolebiblioteket i Halmstad Publikationer
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Palliative end-of-life care for children at home : A literature review
No full textBakgrund: Palliativ vård av barn syftar till att lindra lidande och främja livskvaliteten förbarn i livets slutskede. Vården är familjecentrerad och utformas i samverkan med barn ochfamilj. För distriktssköterskan innebär vården komplexa medicinska insatser och storaemotionella utmaningar. Tidigare forskning visar att distriktssköterskan saknar utbildning ocherfarenhet inom området, vilket försvårar förutsättningarna att ge palliativ vård av barn ihemmet.Syfte: Att beskriva förutsättningar för distriktssköterskan att ge palliativ vård av barn i livetsslut i hemmet.Metod: En strukturerad litteraturöversikt med induktiv ansats. Totalt inkluderades tolv vetenskapliga artiklar.Resultat: Tre övergripande teman och sex underteman identifierades i resultatet. Distriktssköterskans roll i den palliativa vården av barn i hemmet framträder som central,men är samtidigt förknippad med hög arbetsbelastning och emotionell påfrestning. Bristandeutrymme, begränsade resurser och praktiska hinder påverkar möjligheten att ge palliativ vårdi hemmet. Arbetet kräver särskild kompetens, god kommunikationsförmåga samt förmåganatt balansera professionell distans med empatiskt engagemang. Teamarbete ochtvärprofessionell samverkan lyfts fram som avgörande för att uppnå effektiv, säker ochfamiljecentrerad vård.Slutsats: Att vårdas i hemmet upplevs ofta som tryggt och meningsfullt för barn och familjer. Samspelet mellan relationer, kompetens och struktur är en förutsättning fördistriktssköterskan att erbjuda en jämlik, hållbar och familjecentrerad palliativ vård av barn. Background: Palliative care of children aims to alleviate suffering and promote quality oflife for children at the end of life. This type of care is family-centered and planned in closecollaboration with both the child and their family. For district nurses, it involves complexmedical responsibilities and significant emotional challenges. Previous research indicates thatdistrict nurses lack formal training and experience in pediatric palliative care, whichcomplicates the provision of adequate care in the home setting.Aim: To describe the conditions that enable district nurses to provide palliative end-of-lifecare for children at home.Method: A structured literature review with an inductive approach. A total of twelvescientific articles were included.Results: Three main themes and six subthemes were identified. The role of the district nursein home-based pediatric palliative care is central but associated with a high workload andemotional strain. Limited space, scarce resources, and practical barriers impact the ability todeliver care in the home. The role requires specialized pediatric competence, age-appropriatecommunication skills, and the ability to balance professional distance with empatheticengagement. Teamwork and interprofessional collaboration are emphasized as essential forensuring effective, safe, and family-centered care.Conclusion: Receiving care at home is often perceived as safe and meaningful by bothchildren and their family. The interaction between relationships, competence, andorganizational structure is a prerequisite for the district nurse to provide equitable,sustainable, and family-centered palliative care for children.
Förskollärares benägenhet att vistas i närmiljön : En komparativ studie om strukturella och relationella villkor i urban och rural förskolemiljö
No full textSyftet med studien är att undersöka om förskollärares benägenhet att vistas i närmiljön med barngruppen skiljer sig mellan urbana och rurala förskolor samt vilka faktorer som påverkar denna benägenhet. Målet är att belysa hur yttre och inre ramfaktorer samverkar och påverkar möjligheten att använda närmiljön som en del av förskolans pedagogiska praktik. Studien bygger på en enkätundersökning med 116 förskollärare från olika delar av Sverige och kompletteras med öppna fritextsvar. Empirin har analyserats med hjälp av ramfaktorteorin genom både kvantitativa och kvalitativa metoder. Resultatet visar att förskollärare i urbana områden vistas mer frekvent och under längre stunder i närmiljön än de i rurala områden, vilket utmanar antagandet om att närhet till natur automatiskt innebär ett större nyttjande. Benägenheten påverkas av organisatoriska villkor såsom tid, personalresurser, barngruppens sammansättning och gårdens stimulans, men även av inre faktorer som trygghet, kompetens och pedagogernas engagemang. Slutsatsen är att samspelet mellan dessa faktorer formar handlingsutrymmet, och att barns likvärdiga tillgång till varierade lärmiljöer därmed inte enbart avgörs av förskolans geografiska placering utan också av pedagogiska och organisatoriska förutsättningar.The study aims to investigate whether preschool teachers' propensity to spend time in the local environment with their children differs between urban and rural preschools and what factors influence this propensity. The goal is to highlight how external and internal framework factors interact and affect the possibility of incorporating the local environment as part of the preschool's pedagogical practice. The study is based on a survey with 116 preschool teachers from different parts of Sweden and is supplemented with open-ended free-text responses. The empirical data have been analyzed using the framework factor theory through both quantitative and qualitative methods. The results show that preschool teachers in urban areas spend more frequently and for longer periods in the local environment than those in rural areas, which challenges the assumption that proximity to nature automatically means greater use. The propensity is influenced by organizational conditions, such as time, personnel resources, the composition of the children's group, and the stimulation of the farm, but also as well as by internal factors, such as security, competence, and the teachers' commitment. The conclusion is that the interaction between these factors shapes the scope for action, and that children's equal access to varied learning environments is thus not only determined by the preschool's geographical location but also by pedagogical and organizational conditions
Exploring User Navigation Challenges on E-Commerce Platforms
No full textThis study examines how navigation design features affect user satisfaction on ecommerceplatforms, with a focus on Amazon and Flipkart. To explore this, semi-structuredinterviews were conducted with participants from different age groups, levels of technologicalexperience, and shopping habits. The analysis revealed five key themes: navigation structure andclarity, visual simplicity and flow, smart search expectations, functional reliability, and checkoutefficiency. Results show that users appreciate clear menus, consistent layouts, responsive filters,and smooth checkout processes, while less digitally experienced users faced more challenges withunclear menu labels, visual clutter, and automated address or payment selections. The ISO9241:11 framework was used to interpret findings in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, andsatisfaction. Previous studies focusing mainly on technologically proficient users and usingquantitative surveys, this research highlights real-world usability challenges across a broader userbase. The results provide recommendations for improving platform design, particularly in making ecommercenavigation more inclusive and user-friendly
Student’s perception of ChatGPT as a feedback provider : A qualitative research with students in programming education
No full textThis research investigates students’ perceptions of ChatGPT as a feedback provider for programming assignments. Researcher interviewed undergraduate programming students and anchored our analysis in the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The result of analysis yielded six thematic insights into their experiences. Students often described ChatGPT as a helpful tutor; it provided clear, personalized explanations and exercises that boosted their understanding and confidence. Many students reported improved problem-solving and learning when using ChatGPT. However, students also expressed caution regarding ChatGPT’s limitations. They noted occasional errors in its feedback and stressed the need to verify suggestions. Overall, the findings of this research suggest that ChatGPT can effectively support programming education when used critically. Conclusion indicates that educators might integrate ChatGPT as a supplemental learning tool while guiding students to critically evaluate its feedback. This study provides a deeper understanding of AI-assisted feedback from the students’ perspective
Predicting Energy Consumption for Heavy-DutyVehicles via Time Series Embeddings : In collaboration with Volvo
No full textIt is very crucial to be able to accurately predict the energy consumption of electric heavy-duty vehicles. This is especially true as that market is expanding rapidly. This thesis aims to create vector embeddings through the use of multi-task learning to help improve the prediction of energy consumption of auxiliary systems in electric heavy-duty vehicles, thus allowing for better route planning and preservation of energy. Previous studies have shown that multi-task learning has improved the predictive performance of various downstream tasks, such as time series forecasting. Therefore, we propose a Batched Multi-task Learning method (BaMLE). To perform the time series forecasting, we use a forecasting transformer model, with its state-of-the-art multi-head attention mechanism, that other forecasting models lack. We evaluate our proposed method by comparing them to other stateof the art task agnostic embedding methods through downstream tasks. We also compare the choice of transformer model to one othertransformer model, as well as some other models that do not use the transformer architecture. Our research illustrates the potential benefits that multi-task learning has, and it contributes to future work for improving multi-task performance. To summarise, this thesis proposes a novel approach of using state-of-the-art methods and models to improve the downstream task performance of auxiliary systems energy consumption in electric heavy-duty vehicles
The Role of RPA Integrated with SAP S/4HANA in Enhancing Inventory Management Efficiency : A Qualitative Study on Employee Perspectives from the Swedish Automotive Industry
No full text In the automotive industry, especially in Sweden, where businesses run complex supply chains influenced by just-in-time manufacturing, sustainability objectives, and digital transformation, inventory management is a crucial function. When combined with SAP S/4HANA, robotic process automation (RPA) presents opportunities to automate repetitive inventory tasks; however, little is known about how employees actually perceive this integration. Using the Diffusion of Innovations (DOI) framework as a guide, this thesis investigates how Swedish automakers automate inventory processes using RPA with SAP S/4HANA. Ten semi-structured interviews with workers in supply chain, ERP, and automation roles were conducted as part of a qualitative approach. Results show that automation is widely used to save a lot of time, improve accuracy, and increase process continuity in tasks like stock reconciliation, goods receipts, goods issues, and stock transfers. Because of its user-friendly dashboards and focused training, employees thought the system was very compatible with current SAP workflows and easy to use. In addition to evident improvements in reports and cross-departmental success stories, trial-based rollouts with employee feedback and strong organizational support from managers and IT teams were found to be important adoption drivers.
Assessing Public Perception of AIEnabled Autonomous Driving : A Case Study Based on Path Planning in India
No full textIn this study, we examine the social perception of path planning systems based on AIfor AVs and their impact on user acceptability among Indians. Through qualitativeinterviews, we examine trust, safety, ethical concerns, social pressure, usability, andinfrastructural limitations in the scenario of complex, heterogeneous roadways. Ourresults show that trust among the public relies upon reliability and adaptability perceivedin the path planning algorithms, their ability for ethical decisions, and the transparencyof system feedback. Social and culture-dependent factors like group decision-makingand peer pressure exert considerable influence upon acceptability, and practicallimitations like road infrastructure and affordability serve as disincentives for adoption
”Normen är att man tänker en stillasittande aktivitet” : Att förstå makt genom språk – en foucauldiansk diskursanalys om förskollärares tal om vila
No full textFöljande studie undersöker hur olika maktformer synliggörs i förskollärares språkbruk i samband med vilosituationen. Vidare analyseras hur barnet subjektspositioneras och hur diskurser samverkar i förskolans konstruktion av vila. Analysen utgår från ett poststrukturalistiskt teoretiskt ramverk utifrån Foucalts maktteori, med särskilt fokus på begreppen normer, subjektspositionering, disciplinär makt, governmentalitet och pastoral makt. Det empiriska materialet utgår från sju semistrukturerade intervjuer med förskollärare, analyserade utifrån Foucaults diskursanalys. I analysarbetet ligger fokus på identifiering av återkommande diskurser och begrepp i förskollärarnas sätt att tala om vila. Resultatet från studien belyser att förskollärarnas tal om vilan kan förstås inom ramen för disciplinär makt, governmentalitet och en pastoral maktdiskurs samt motdiskurser. Resultatet visar en antydan till att förskollärare bär på ett ansvar att forma barnen som subjekt inom samhälleliga normer. Vidare belyser studien att vilan är en praktik där förväntningar, normer och makt reproduceras. I relation till tidigare forskning visar även denna studies resultat att barnetpositioneras som ett subjekt i behov av styrning eller vägledning i vilan. Föreliggande studie belyser att det finns behov av ökad medvetenhet kringspråkets makt i påverkan av hur barn subjektspositioneras
