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To Find the Rapid Method of Vermicomposting
Get PDFVermicomposting is the scientific method of making compost by using earthworms. It is the cheap and effortless way for producing the organic compost. vermicompost is a backbone for enhancing the organic movement. the research was carried out in the kapilvastu district Nepal under the direction of Dr. Deepak kholiya (A professor of Graphic era hill university).to see the rapid method of vermicomposting and to use animal waste such as cow dung in the effective manner. Eisenia foetida an species of earthworm was used for the conversion of animal waste into the compost. In research we used two methods of vermicomposting i.e.,1. Pit method of size 5*5*3 feet 2. Bed method of size 6*2*2 feet. 200earthworms of same size were introduced in the both methods i.e., body length 3-10 cm body weight 0.4 to0.6 g. The substrate used in vermicomposting is rice straw along with chopped vegetable waste are mixed with the cow dung. Vermicompost sample of both methods are collected. Compost from bed method was collected after 60 days (about 2 months) and pit method was collected after 30-35 days (about 1 month 4 and a half days). both the vermicompost sample were high in nutrient content
Managing Mental Health During COVID- 19 Pandemic and Beyond
Get PDFThe novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID?19) pandemic is a global public health crisis of a scale not previously experienced in modern times. The whole of humanity is sharing a problem that is changing the world, and humans are living under more uncertainty. Most people have been feeling intense anxiety related to COVID-19 and the aftermath the world will leave in its wake. The paper intends to put up a deeper understanding of the anxiety reaction about various aspects of current life. Clear strategies for managing and turning off the anxiety response for short periods is developed based on the understanding of how one's brain reacts to crises along with some powerful tools for managing the pandemic. The paper explores some of the strategies to address mental health during COVID-19
Utilisation of Renewable Energy Source for Domestic Purpose Applications by Using Wind Mill
Get PDFThe Earth's winds comprise immense amounts of energy. Peoples use that energy for various purposes like sail ships, grind grain and pump water. In recent trend conversion of wind energy into electrical energy is mostly like one. In that by using some mechanical and electrical arrangement we able to produce electrical energy for domestic purpose as well as industrial purpose. The burning of fossil fuel produces 21.3 billion tons of CO2 per year and that are very hazardous for human existence on earth. By using renewable energy sources, we are able to overcome that problem. Due to absence of risk and disasters Renewable energy is always consult as reliable source. In this regard, various policies were prepared to encourage citizens for use of renewable source. Citizens were able to installed small wind mill for domestic purpose. It has one-time capital investment after that we can consume that energy or can connect to grid also. In this paper, we discuss about energy generation for home appliances from small windmill. This is contributing for reducing dependency on fossil fuels. [1]. Today, new wind turbines offer an efficient amount of electrical energy by catching more and more wind energy. Wind turbine converts the kinetic energy of wind into rotational kinetic energy and then converts into electrical energy by using electrical converters [2]. Wind turbines can be utilized for individual homes and also jointly to generate electricity for utility grids. Generated electricity is totally depends upon the size of rotating blades and speed of wind
An Effective Approach to Reduce the Penetration Potential of SARS-CoV-2 and other Viruses by Spike Protein: Surface Particle Electrostatic Charge Negotiation
Get PDFThe objective of this paper is to provide a mathematical model to construct a barrier that may be useful to prevent the penetration of different viruses (e.g. SARS-COV-2) as well as charged aerosols through the concept of electrostatic charge negotiation. (Fusion for the opposite types of charges and repulsion for the similar types of charges). Reviewing the works of different authors, regarding charges, surface charge densities (?), charge mobility (?) and electrostatic potentials of different aerosols under varied experimental conditions, a similar intensive study has also been carried out to investigate the electron donating and accepting (hole donating) properties of the spike proteins (S-proteins) of different RNA and DNA viruses, including SARS-COV-2. Based upon the above transport properties of electrons of different particles having different dimensions, a mathematical model has been established to find out the penetration potential of those particles under different electrostatic fields. An intensive study have been carried out to find out the generation of electrostatic charges due to the surface emission of electrons (SEE), when a conducting material like silk, nylon or wool makes a friction with the Gr IV elements like Germanium or Silicon, it creates an opposite layer of charges in the outer conducting surface and the inner semiconducting surface separated by a dielectric materials. This opposite charge barriers may be considered as Inversion layers (IL). The electrostatic charges accumulated in the layers between the Gr IV Ge is sufficient enough to either fuse or repel the charges of the spike proteins of the RNA, DNA viruses including COVID-19 (RNA virus) or the aerosols
Will COVID-19 Reverse the Gains Made in Occupational Health and Safety in the Mining Sector in South Africa?
Get PDFThis paper reviews the possible impact of the Corona Virus (COVID-19) pandemic on the Mining and Mineral Industry (MMI) in South Africa. It examines the possible impact of COVID-19on the industry milestones on Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) agreed at the industry tripartite summit in 2014 which had ambitious targets of reaching zero harm in the industry and minimising occupational diseases by 2024. The paper used secondary data from the department of mineral resources. The analysis showed that (1) the industry has already missed some of the industry milestones towards the 2024 targets such as zero fatalities by 2020 and many other targets in health are also lagging behind. (2). PTB remains the dominant occupational diseases in the mining sector in South Africa constituting about 50% of major occupational diseases in the sector. (3) COVID-19 Positive continue to increase in the sector and it is being seen as a new epicentre for COVID-19 in the country despite the mandatory guidelines for OHS in the sectorin terms of the Mine Health and safety Act (MHSA) published by the Department of Mineral Resources and Energy (DMRE) to respond to COVID-19. There is a need for the industry stakeholders to work together to reduce the impact of COVID-19 on the sector and improve occupational health outcomes towards the 2024 targets
Role of Respiratory Muscle Strength using MIP Testing Following COVID-19 Infection
Get PDFMaximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP) are measures of respiratory muscle strength and may be more sensitive in detecting early respiratory muscle impairment compared with spirometry. Respiratory muscle strength is a proven conjecturer of many diseases like muscular dystrophy, neuromuscular disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and spinal muscular atrophy. Maximal inspiratory pressure is gaining interest as a test to improvise impaired respiratory muscle strength of COVID-19 patients following infection. The primary aim of this study is to discuss the potential role of respiratory muscle performance followed by coronavirus infection. The sensitivity and specificity of MIP and MEP was estimated on patients suffering with chronic lung disease. This study proposes a hypothesis that aims to screen for respiratory muscle impairment in patients with dyspnea or characteristics associated with increased risk of severe respiratory complaints
MSMEs in COVID-19 Crisis and India’s Economic Relief Package: A Critical Review
Get PDFMSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise) are the backbone of Indian economy as it contributes more than 30% in the India’s GDP (Gross Domestic Product). The present research studies the current conditions of MSMEs amid corona virus crisis and the economic relief package, specifically for MSMEs, entitled as “Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Dependent India)” in order to revive the business activities of MSMEs. Critical review of the economic package and modification needed in terms of MSMEs issues in the further announcements were discussed in this paper. Former RBI (Reserve Bank of India) governor Raghuram Rajan and Nobel Prize winner in economics Prof. Abhijit Banerjee has also contributed in the discussion in order to revive the Indian economy
Genetic variation of SARS-CoV-2 circulating worldwide and its association for altering disease fatality
Get PDFThe emergence of SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in > 36,361,054 infections and > 1,056,186 deaths worldwide. Using publicly available genome sequences of patient samples from different geographical regions, a study has been conducted to co-relate mutational frequency with disease transmission and fatality rate. Seven hundred genome sequences were randomly chosen from different countries. The regions of the genome encoding structural proteins Spike (S), Nucleocapsid (N), envelop (E) and Membrane (M) proteins and ORF8 were studied here. Through Insilco approach, this study showed that several evolutionary conserved amino acid residues underwent mutations. Some of these mutations are common in multiple geographies. Quite a few region-specific mutations are also identified. This study highlights that mutational rate is proportional to disease transmission and inversely proportional to disease fatality. The changes in the conserved residues have significant implication on the stability of the proteins and subsequent interaction, which are essential for virus propagation. This provides a better understanding of the genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2 across the countries and its association with reducing disease fatality
Measurement of Mechanical Properties for Veneered Zirconia in Dental Application Based on Finite Element Analysis
No full textBackground: Because the failure due to tensile stresses is the dominant case in many clinical trials, the combination of strength property of zirconia and the weaker veneer aesthetic porcelain results in stronger and more reliable restoration.
Materials and Methods: The purpose of the current study is to investigate the mechanical properties of veneered zirconia in different thickness configurations obtained from simulated bending tests. Three points bending test based on finite element analysis performed on eight beams, with different thicknesses of veneer and zirconia performed using Ansys static structural analysis.
Results: The results show that veneered zirconia is stronger in compression than in tension and increasing the veneer layer thickness weakens the restoration.
Conclusion: it is better to reduce the veneer layer thickness, as it is possible also to place the zirconia layer in the areas of compression
Optimization of Risering System and Its Experimental Validation Using Casting Simulation
No full textIn the metal casting process, higher yield and minimum defects level are expected by the foundry industries. In the present global and competitive world metal casting industries needs to perform efficiently with a reduction in rejections. The primary goal is casting a product is the product is a defect-free component and the secondary goal in casting is to maximize the yield of casting by designing of gating system and find out optimum shape and sizes of feeders/risers, ingates, gates etc. For obtaining better results, a lot of time, the number of iterations and trial and error is required on the shop floor for experimentation. Virtually simulated casting trials make certain that actual castings are defect free at first time and every time then after within a shorter lead time. Casting simulation provides reliable prediction of defects and good results even for complex shaped castings. In this present case study, the primary goal is minimizing the shrinkage defect by designing the appropriate sized gating system for T section shaped casting by considering riser dimensions like height, diameter and also maximizing the yield of casting component using virtual simulation technique