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Online Personalized Normative Feedback to Foster Intention to Change and Help-Seeking in Young Adults With Gambling- and Trading-Related Problems: An Experimental Study
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The costs and benefits of clan culture:elite control versus cooperation in China
No full textKinship ties are a common institution that may facilitate in-group coordination and cooperation. Yet their benefits—or lack thereof—depend crucially on the broader institutional environment. We study how the prevalence of clan ties affect how communities confronted two well-studied historical episodes from the early years of the People’s Republic of China, utilizing four distinct proxies for county clan strength: the presence of recognized ancestral halls; genealogical records; rice suitability; and geographic latitude. We show that the loss of livestock associated with 1955–56 collectivization (which mandated that farmers surrender livestock for little compensation) documented by Chen and Lan (2017)was much less pronounced in strong-clan areas. By contrast, we show that the 1959–61 Great Famine was associated with higher mortality in areas with stronger clan ties. We argue that reconciling these two conflicting patterns requires that we take a broader view of how kinship groups interact with other governance institutions, in particular the role of kinship as a means of elite control (JEL N95, P32, Z10)
From followers to leaders:A four-stage process model of EMNE capability development
No full textWe advance the springboard perspective by investigating how emerging-market multinational enterprises (EMNEs) evolve into global leaders, uncovering the specific mechanisms for capability development in the post-springboarding phase. We propose a four-stage process model that delineates the transformation of EMNEs, in response to technological paradigm shifts and business opportunities, from followers to leaders: (1) capability acquisition via springboarding from international value-chain partners, (2) capability scaling via co-exploitation with domestic value-chain partners, (3) capability creation via co-exploration with domestic value-chain partners, and (4) capability diffusion via reverse knowledge transfer to international value-chain partners. Using the transition of the automotive supply sector in China from internal combustion engines (ICE) to electric vehicles (EV) as an exemplary case, we illustrate how EMNEs can evolve from learning extant knowledge from, and to contributing new knowledge to, advanced-market multinational enterprises (AMNEs). Our model extends the springboard perspective by detailing the rarely-explored post-springboarding phase, particularly in the context of contemporary geopolitical tensions. More broadly, we contribute to a deeper understanding of the action-based view of dynamic capabilities in international business by specifying the entrepreneurial actions that make EMNE capability development and transformation possible
Identifying the Ethical Values and Norms of Artificial Intelligence in Education: a Systematic Literature Review
No full textWith the increasing integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in our lives, including education, it is necessary to consider and address the ethical questions raised by this process. While the ethics of AI is widely researched, little attention has been paid to the ethics of AI in education (AIED). This systematic literature review aims to identify the main ethical values and norms for AIED in literature published after 2010 and available in English. Using database search and backward snowballing, 25 articles were included and analysed. In order to identify the ethical values, the definitions found in
literature were collected and reported. Thematic analysis and grouping were performed based on common terms. It was found that there are six main ethical values of AIED: non-discrimination, data stewardship, human oversight, goodwill, explicability, and educational aptness. The ethical norms found in the literature were grouped as per the stakeholder sets that they were relevant for and per main ethical value. Following this, these two groupings were combined into a matrix with ethical norms for stakeholder sets to follow in order to implement specific main ethical values. Identifying the main components of ethics of AIED is an initial step that can pave the way for future research aimed at creating ethical frameworks or regulation to ethically guide the domain
Drone Crash Test Database
No full textThe aim of the database is to serve as a knowledge-based, validation tool for new test facilities or research and as a tool for the purposes of the safety assessment
Do abusive CEOs kill firm innovation in turbulent environments?:a moderated mediation model of the CEO-TMT interface
No full textIn interactions with the top management team (TMT), abusive chief executive officers (CEOs) can influence firm performance outcomes. With three-wave, multisource data from 295 firms in various high-tech industries, this study reveals that an abusive supervision climate, created by CEOs, limits firm innovation by impairing the TMT’s collective engagement. Environmental uncertainty strengthens this negative relationship between abusive supervision climate and TMT collective engagement, as well as the mediating effect of TMT collective engagement on the relationship between abusive supervision climate and firm innovation. These results provide new directions for understanding the CEO–TMT interface, as well as novel practical implications
Hedge fund cliques and related-party transactions:evidence from China
No full textBased on a sample of Chinese nonfinancial A-share listed firms from 2010 to 2023, we investigate the governance role of hedge fund cliques. Using the Louvain algorithm to identify cliques within the network of hedge funds, we find that hedge fund cliques play a significant role in curbing tunnelling by controlling shareholders, as these firms have fewer related-party transactions. The effect is more pronounced at firms that are privately controlled, have greater separation between ownership and control, and have weaker internal controls. Our mechanism analysis further suggests that hedge fund cliques strengthen governance by increasing the frequency of meetings between shareholders and the board. Overall, the findings highlight the governance potential of hedge fund coordination and have implications with respect to enhancing investor protection and market oversight in emerging economies
Action fluency and conscious intention: being aware of what we are about to do
No full textVoluntary actions are often accompanied by a clear, preceding conscious experience of intention. However, the nature of this experience, and the neural mechanisms underlying it, have proved difficult to study scientifically. Many previous studies instructed participants to make simple manual actions, and then report their preceding intention only retrospectively. We combined an action fluency paradigm with pseudorandom probes of conscious experience to address these issues, and used EEG to explore neural correlates of prospective intention. In two experiments involving 51 participants, we found conscious intention emerged over 1 s before estimated action onset. Further, we found a readiness-potential-like activity that was stronger prior to those probes that participants reported as interrupting a conscious intention, compared to other probes. In addition, probes that interrupted conscious intention were found to occur after lateralization of the readiness-potential-like activity to the hemisphere contralateral to the intended to type the first letter. Our results provide novel evidence for a prospective experience of conscious intention associated with neural processes that generate voluntary actions
