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Cabbage production in function of castor bean cake doses in top dressing
Get PDFThe researches with organic fertilization in top dressing in production of vegetables are rare, thereby, the objective of this study was to evaluate castor bean cake doses in top dressing in cabbage production. Seven treatments, six castor bean cake doses in top dressing (0; 50; 100; 150; 200 and 250 g m-2) and an inorganic control with ammonium sulphate (11.5 g m-2 of N) and potassium chloride (5.4 g m-2 of K2O) in top dressing were evaluated, in randomized blocks experimental design, with five replicates. Before planting it was made fertilization with organic compost (20 t ha-1) and inorganic NPK fertilizer (4-14-8) (1 t ha-1), only in inorganic control. The characteristics evaluated were: cabbage head diameter, height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of cabbage. The application of castor bean cake in top dressing increased the diameter, height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of cabbage, with maximum values of 164 mm, 109 mm, 30 leaves, 1470 g and 103 g, respectively. The average fresh and dry weight obtained in the two highest doses of castor bean cake did not differ from the inorganic control, proving the technical viability of its using. Therefore, it can be recommended application of at least 200 g m-2 of castor bean cake in top dressing for cabbage production.The researches with organic fertilization in top dressing in production of vegetables are rare, thereby, the objective of this study was to evaluate castor bean cake doses in top dressing in cabbage production. Seven treatments, six castor bean cake doses in top dressing (0; 50; 100; 150; 200 and 250 g m-2) and an inorganic control with ammonium sulphate (11.5 g m-2 of N) and potassium chloride (5.4 g m-2 of K2O) in top dressing were evaluated, in randomized blocks experimental design, with five replicates. Before planting it was made fertilization with organic compost (20 t ha-1) and inorganic NPK fertilizer (4-14-8) (1 t ha-1), only in inorganic control. The characteristics evaluated were: cabbage head diameter, height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of cabbage. The application of castor bean cake in top dressing increased the diameter, height, number of leaves, fresh and dry weight of cabbage, with maximum values of 164 mm, 109 mm, 30 leaves, 1470 g and 103 g, respectively. The average fresh and dry weight obtained in the two highest doses of castor bean cake did not differ from the inorganic control, proving the technical viability of its using. Therefore, it can be recommended application of at least 200 g m-2 of castor bean cake in top dressing for cabbage production
Fruit traceability via mobile application
Get PDFThe traceability of agricultural products is essential to guarantee food security, monitor the production chain and is a requirement of Brazilian legislation. The optimization of this activity can be performed with the use of digital technologies. The present study verified the efficiency of a mobile app to track agricultural products and use it as a digital field book. The study was developed with 13 participants who used the mobile app to record agricultural activities: input pesticide sprays and fertilization; cultural management and registration of georeferenced harvest lots. The use of the app simplified the registration of tasks as digital field book and tracked agricultural products throughout the productive chain. An alert system for withholding period and maximum limit for pesticide sprays had been developed and enabled greater control, both are considered critical points in traceability system. QR-code of fruit lots were produced in each harvest and reports of costs, production, yield and fruit quality were generated by the app. Thus, mobile app was efficient to track agricultural production and use it as digital field book. In addition, managing of agricultural activities and production costs were produced and it has been shown that an innovative and low-cost technology that can be used by fruit producers.A rastreabilidade de produtos agrícolas é essencial para garantir a segurança de alimentos, acompanhar a cadeia produtiva e é uma exigência da legislação brasileira. A otimização dessa atividade pode ser realizada com o uso de tecnologias digitais. O presente estudo verificou a eficiência de um aplicativo mobile para a rastreabilidade de produtos agrícolas e o uso como um caderno de campo digital. O estudo foi desenvolvido com 13 participantes que utilizaram um aplicativo mobile para o registro das atividades agrícolas: aplicações de insumos fitossanitários e fertilizantes; manejos culturais e registro de lotes de colheita georeferenciados. O uso do aplicativo facilitou o registro das atividades no caderno de campo digital e monitorou os produtos agrícolas em toda a cadeia produtiva. Um sistema de alertas para a carência e o limite máximo de aplicações fitossanitárias foi desenvolvido e possibilitou um maior controle de produtos utilizados. Ambos processos são considerados pontos críticos no sistema de rastreabilidade. Para cada lote de colheita foram gerados um QR-code e relatórios de custos, produção, produtividade e qualidade das frutas pelo aplicativo. Desse modo, o aplicativo mobile foi eficiente para a rastrear a produção agrícola e serviu como um caderno de campo digital. Além de permitir o gerenciamento das atividades agrícolas e seus custos de produção, resultando em uma tecnologia inovadora e de baixo custo que pode ser utilizada por produtores de frutas
Growth and initial development of passion fruit plants in different concentrations of biostimulants
Get PDFThe objective of this research was to evaluate the vegetative growth of yellow passion fruit seedlings, propagated by seeds, regarding the rates of use and application of two biostimulants in two types of soil. The experiment was carried out at the State University of Piauí (UESPI) / Campus de Corrente, with Passiflora edulis as a research culture, on a 50% brightness screen. The completely randomized design consisted of four treatments arranged according to the following application doses (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 mL), using the biostimulant Solofull® and Stimulate® via soil, with six replicates per treatment, totaling 24 units experimental. The soil used came from two situations, soil 1 (area in the process of degradation, Gilbués - PI) and soil 2 (pasture area, Corrente, PI). At 65 days after sowing, height, stem diameter, number of true leaves, leaf area, plant height ratio and stem diameter and root length were evaluated. The data were submitted to analysis of variance. The application of the Stimulate® biostimulant in seedlings produced in soil cultivated by pasture, promoted the best development of the aerial and root system of the plants
Seasons influence on content, yield and chemical composition of Origanum majorana L. essential oil
Get PDFThe aim of this study was to determine the season that provides the highest production and best quality of marjoram (Origanum majorana L.) essential oil in summer and winter transplants. Two experiments were performed in a protected cultivation, the first with transplantation in summer and the second with transplantation in winter, with a completely randomized design with four treatments, being the seasons of the year. Content, yield and chemical composition of the essential oil were determined. The essential oil was extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography. In the summer transplant the essential oil content and yield were higher in the summer and spring seasons. In the winter transplant the oil content was higher in the summer season and the yield in the summer and in spring. Carvacrol was the major component of marjoram essential oil regardless of harvest and transplant season. Of the other main compounds, only terpinolene was detected in all samples analyzed, with the other essential oil components varying between transplant and harvest seasons. The highest production of marjoram essential oil is obtained in summer and spring harvests from plants transplanted in summer and winter. The major components of marjoram essential oil are carvacrol and terpinolene
Physicochemical characterization of ‘Pera’ orange fruits selections grafted on two rootstocks in the São Francisco Valley, Brazil
Get PDFA laranjeira ‘Pera’ é uma variedade de origem desconhecida mas bem conhecida na citricultura brasileira, cultivada originalmente na Baixada Fluminense (Rio de Janeiro, Brasil), e difundida no início do século 20, quando foi introduzida em Limeira (São Paulo, Brasil), tornando-se a copa mais cultivada no país, desde então, contribuindo significativamente para a expansão e consolidação da citricultura brasileira. O trabalho teve como objetivo determinar a qualidade pós-colheita de quatro clones de laranja Pera enxertadas em dois porta-enxertos em condições semiáridas, através da determinação das características físicas e físico-químicas dos frutos. Foram avaliados as caracteríticas fisicas: massa (g), diâmetro e comprimento do fruto (mm); firmeza (Lb) e espessura da casca (mm); número de sementes. Determinado o teor de vitamina C e sólidos solúveis (ºBrix); além da acidez titulável (g de ácido cítrico 100 mL-1), do indice de maturação (relação SS/AT) e do rendimento do suco (%). A interação cultivares porta-enxertos e copa de laranjeira induziu a diferenças nos atributos físicos e qualidade dos frutos, sendo o ‘Limão Cravo’ o porta-enxerto que induziu a melhores frutos na laranjeira ‘Pera D-9’, que registraram maiores massas e diâmetros, associados a cascas mais espessas, menor teor de sólidos solúveis, menor acidez e maior teor de vitamina C, enquanto os frutos da laranja ‘Pera C-21’ apresentaram maiores comprimentos e teores de sólidos solúveis e os da laranja ‘Pera D-12’, menor número de sementes e maior rendimento de suco. Os parâmetros de qualidade observados nos frutos das cultivares de laranjeiras ‘Pera’ se mostraram condizentes com o padrão exigido para o mercado in natura
Three-dimensional numerical simulation of the thermal and aerodynamic behavior of a roof structure built on a slope and used for horticultural production
Get PDFIn tropical countries, part of the horticultural production is carried out in hillside soils. In recent years, due to the adverse effects of climate change and other biotic factors that limit and affect agricultural production, the use of roof structures has been promoted as a technological means to improve production in this type of production system. The microclimate study of structures built on slopes is scarce, therefore farmers continue to build the same type of structure without technical design criteria and without knowing if the microclimate conditions generated are suitable for the crops. In the present research work, an experimentally validated 3D CFD numerical model was implemented to analyze air flows and spatial temperature behavior in a roof structure built on a site with broken topography. The results obtained allowed us to find that the air flows are strongly affected by the longitudinal and transversal slopes of the land, which produces low ventilation rates that generate thermal gradients above 8 °C and highly heterogeneous thermal behavior, factors that are not suitable for horticultural production
Sucker pruning management to change the harvest date in banana
Get PDFIn banana crop, sometimes it is necessary to manage seasonal production variations. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the selection of late successor sucker on the productive unit, compared to the selection of early successor sucker on the growth, harvest date and bunch mass of \u27Prata\u27 and \u27Nanica\u27 banana. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two treatments and ten replicates, considering two experiments, one for each cultivar. Treatments were conventional pruning (selection of early successor sucker) and modified pruning (selection of late successor sucker), which were established in September, with the destruction of the apical meristem of the successor sucker in modified pruning. The growth of the first and second suckers was quantified at intervals of about 60 days until the reproductive stage and bunch mass was determined. For both cultivars, pruning reduced the height and perimeter of the first successor sucker pseudostem and delayed the harvest date for at least 30 days, without reducing bunch mass. Regardless of sucker pruning management, production averages were 26.68 and 50.64 ton ha-1, respectively, for \u27Prata\u27 and \u27Nanica\u27 cultivars. For the second sucker, there was residual effect of pruning on the height of \u27Nanica\u27 cultivar, but not on production. Establishing the modified pruning is feasible for change harvest date of two cultivars, without increasing costs
Gas exchange and photosynthetic pigments of West Indian cherry under salinity stress and salicylic acid
Get PDFA aceroleira é uma fruteira que se destaca pela sua importância socioeconômica no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro, devido sua utilização na indústria alimentícia e farmacêutica. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar as trocas gasosas e os pigmentos fotossintéticos da aceroleira cv. BRS Jaburu em função da irrigação com águas salinas e procedimentos de ácido salicílico. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em Campina Grande-PB. O delineamento estatístico de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, combinados os tratamentos consistiram de cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,8; 1,6; 2,4; 3,2 e 4 , 0 dS m -1 ) e quatro especialidades de ácido salicílico - AS (0; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 mM), com 3 repetições. A salinidade de água a partir de 0,8 dS m-1 reduziu a transpiração, a taxa de assimilação de CO 2 e a eficiência instantânea do uso da água das plantas de aceroleira. O ácido salicílico não amenizou os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino sobre as trocas gasosas e clorofila a sob salinidade da água superior a 0,8 dS m -1 . A concentração de ácido salicílico de 4,0 mM promoveu incremento no teor de clorofila total das plantas de aceroleira.A aceroleira é uma fruteira que se destaca pela sua importância socioeconômica no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro, devido sua utilização na indústria alimentícia e farmacêutica. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar as trocas gasosas e os pigmentos fotossintéticos da aceroleira cv. BRS Jaburu em função da irrigação com águas salinas e procedimentos de ácido salicílico. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em Campina Grande-PB. O delineamento estatístico de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, combinados os tratamentos consistiram de cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,8; 1,6; 2,4; 3,2 e 4 , 0 dS m -1 ) e quatro especialidades de ácido salicílico - AS (0; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 mM), com 3 repetições. A salinidade de água a partir de 0,8 dS m-1 reduziu a transpiração, a taxa de assimilação de CO 2 e a eficiência instantânea do uso da água das plantas de aceroleira. O ácido salicílico não amenizou os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino sobre as trocas gasosas e clorofila a sob salinidade da água superior a 0,8 dS m -1 . A concentração de ácido salicílico de 4,0 mM promoveu incremento no teor de clorofila total das plantas de aceroleira.
A aceroleira é uma fruteira que se destaca pela sua importância socioeconômica no semiárido do Nordeste brasileiro, devido sua utilização na indústria alimentícia e farmacêutica. Neste contexto, objetivou-se com esse trabalho avaliar as trocas gasosas e os pigmentos fotossintéticos da aceroleira cv. BRS Jaburu em função da irrigação com águas salinas e procedimentos de ácido salicílico. O trabalho foi conduzido em casa de vegetação em Campina Grande-PB. O delineamento estatístico de blocos casualizados, em esquema fatorial 5 x 4, combinados os tratamentos consistiram de cinco níveis de condutividade elétrica da água de irrigação - CEa (0,8; 1,6; 2,4; 3,2 e 4 , 0 dS m -1 ) e quatro especialidades de ácido salicílico - AS (0; 1,0; 2,0 e 4,0 mM), com 3 repetições. A salinidade de água a partir de 0,8 dS m-1 reduziu a transpiração, a taxa de assimilação de CO 2 e a eficiência instantânea do uso da água das plantas de aceroleira. O ácido salicílico não amenizou os efeitos deletérios do estresse salino sobre as trocas gasosas e clorofila a sob salinidade da água superior a 0,8 dS m -1 . A concentração de ácido salicílico de 4,0 mM promoveu incremento no teor de clorofila total das plantas de aceroleira
Incubation period and fungi identification in seeds of Salvia hispânica L.
Get PDFSeed sanitary quality is an essential factor in crop success, and through the evaluation of fungi contamination of seeds, measures can be adopted to control and avoid the transferability of this contamination to the plants. Equally important is the method used to verify the occurrence and identify the species, especially when it comes to crops that have not yet been studied, such as chia, which has a mucilaginous layer that may present some interference in the development of fungi. This study\u27s objective was to identify the genera of fungi present in lots of saved chia seeds, define the best period for their evaluation and its transmissibility to the plantlet. Eight lots from saved seeds of chia were analyzed into two evaluations at seven and 14 days of incubation via the Blotter test method, in which fungi were identified by their reproductive structure using a stereomicroscope. Besides, the transmissibility rate from seed to plantlet of the most incident fungus was evaluated, through the direct isolation method. All estimated seed lots of chia showed fungi contamination, with emphasis on Fusarium sp., Phomopsis sp., Penicillium sp., and Aspergillus sp. The best evaluation period to Phomopsis sp. its at 14 days of incubation by the Blotter test method. The genus Fusarium sp. presents a high transmissibility rate from seed to plantlet. A qualidade sanitária das sementes é fator primordial para o sucesso das lavouras, sendo que através da avaliação da contaminação fúngica das sementes pode-se adotar medidas para controlar e evitar a sua transmissibilidade para as plantas. Igualmente importante é o método utilizado para verificar a ocorrência e identificar as espécies, principalmente quando se trata de culturas ainda pouco estudadas, como o caso da chia que possui uma camada mucilaginosa que pode apresentar alguma interferência no desenvolvimento dos fungos. O presente estudo teve por objetivo identificar os gêneros de fungos presentes em lotes de sementes de chia, definir o melhor período de sua avaliação e a sua transmissibilidade para a plântula. Foram analisados oito lotes de sementes salvas de chia, realizando-se duas avaliações, aos sete e 14 dias de incubação pelo método do Blotter test, sendo os fungos identificados pelas suas estruturas reprodutivas, com o auxílio de microscópio estereoscópico. Também foi avaliada a taxa de transmissibilidade semente/plântula do fungo de maior incidência, através do método de isolamento direto. Todos os lotes de semente de chia avaliados apresentaram contaminação fúngica, sendo detectados dezesseis gêneros, com destaque para Fusarium sp., Phomopsis sp., Penicillium sp. e Aspergillus sp. O melhor período de avaliação para Phomopsis sp. é aos 14 dias de incubação pelo método Blotter test. O gênero Fusarium sp. apresenta alta taxa de transmissibilidade semente/plântula
Establishment of hydroponic nutrient solution to the cultivation of green onion
No full textThe present research evaluated the growth of green onion plants (Allium fistulosum, L.), cultivar Tokio Kuro, under contrasting nutrient solution concentrations (I - 50%, II - 75%, III - 100%, IV - 125%) and different positions on hydroponic channels (I - initial, II - intermediary, III - final). At the end of the growing cycle, the height, number of leaves, fresh leaf weight, and the tillering number of green onion plants were analyzed using univariate, multivariate analysis, and Pearson correlation. We noticed that green onion plants presented better height performance, the number of leaves, fresh leaf weight, and tillering number using nutrient solution concentration between 50 and 100%, making possible an earlier harvest. At 125 % nutrient solution concentration, there occurred a decrease in the number of leaves and fresh leaf weight. There are no significant differences between plants\u27 positions on hydroponic channels for height, number of leaves, fresh leaf weight, and tillering number of green onion plants. Our finding suggests hydroponic cultivation of green onion is a great cultivation system, and concentration between 50 and 100% promote higher plant development and makes possible an earlier harvest