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Fertilization with biosolids and chemical attributes of soil cultivated with ‘Pêra’ orange
Get PDFThe study aims to evaluate soil attributes cultivated with orange trees and fertilized with biosolid in their first two years of planting. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with six treatments of eight plants. The treatments were based on the source of fertilization and its dose: T0 - 100% of the recommended dose from mineral fertilization (MF); T1 - 50% MF and 50% biosolid (MF + B); T2 - 100% biosolid (100 B); T3 - 115% biosolid (115 B); T4 - 130% biosolid (130 B); and T5 - 150% biosolid (150 B). The cultivar used was ‘Pêra’ D6, grafted onto Citrandarim Índio. Each treatment consisted of a row of eight plants, evaluating the four central plants. Soil samples were collected at 3, 9, 15, and 21 months after planting. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and mean tests. Biosolids at doses of 100%, 115%, and 150% increased phosphorus, calcium, and base sum levels. Fertilization with biosolid did not increase the amounts of micronutrients and heavy metals in the soil (such as Cu and Zn), which remained within safe limits for agricultural use. Thus, the use of biosolid can be a viable and sustainable alternative to mineral fertilization, provided that legal regulations are respected and constant monitoring is carried out to prevent soil contamination. Good management of sewage sludge application is crucial to ensure sustainability and maximize the benefits of this agricultural practice.The study aims to evaluate soil attributes cultivated with orange trees and fertilized with biosolid in their first two years of planting. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with six treatments of eight plants. The treatments were based on the source of fertilization and its dose: T0 - 100% of the recommended dose from mineral fertilization (MF); T1 - 50% MF and 50% biosolid (MF + B); T2 - 100% biosolid (100 B); T3 - 115% biosolid (115 B); T4 - 130% biosolid (130 B); and T5 - 150% biosolid (150 B). The cultivar used was ‘Pêra’ D6, grafted onto Citrandarim Índio. Each treatment consisted of a row of eight plants, evaluating the four central plants. Soil samples were collected at 3, 9, 15, and 21 months after planting. The data were subjected to analysis of variance and mean tests. Biosolids at doses of 100%, 115%, and 150% increased phosphorus, calcium, and base sum levels. Fertilization with biosolid did not increase the amounts of micronutrients and heavy metals in the soil (such as Cu and Zn), which remained within safe limits for agricultural use. Thus, the use of biosolid can be a viable and sustainable alternative to mineral fertilization, provided that legal regulations are respected and constant monitoring is carried out to prevent soil contamination. Good management of sewage sludge application is crucial to ensure sustainability and maximize the benefits of this agricultural practice
Characterization and proposal for the post-harvest management of Byrsonima crassifolia L. fruits, yellow and red phenotypes
Get PDFNanche is a native fruit with high nutritional and functional value; however, its commercialization is hindered by its short post-harvest shelf life. This study evaluated the physical traits, chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and postharvest management of mature yellow and red nanche fruits collected in Chiapas, Mexico. Standard AOAC methods were employed to evaluate physicochemical parameters, while antioxidant capacity, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and chlorogenic acid were quantified using spectrophotometric assays. To enhance preservation, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was applied under varying temperature conditions. Both phenotypes showed comparable nutritional potential; however, the red nanche exhibited a lower moisture content, higher levels of antioxidant compounds, and better postharvest performance following MeJA treatment. The combination of MeJA and refrigeration effectively extended shelf life and improved fruit quality, offering a viable strategy to strengthen the nanche value chain and promote its market integration as a functional bioresource.Nanche is a native fruit with high nutritional and functional value; however, its commercialization is hindered by its short post-harvest shelf life. This study evaluated the physical traits, chemical composition, bioactive compounds, and postharvest management of mature yellow and red nanche fruits collected in Chiapas, Mexico. Standard AOAC methods were employed to evaluate physicochemical parameters, while antioxidant capacity, total polyphenols, flavonoids, and chlorogenic acid were quantified using spectrophotometric assays. To enhance preservation, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was applied under varying temperature conditions. Both phenotypes showed comparable nutritional potential; however, the red nanche exhibited a lower moisture content, higher levels of antioxidant compounds, and better postharvest performance following MeJA treatment. The combination of MeJA and refrigeration effectively extended shelf life and improved fruit quality, offering a viable strategy to strengthen the nanche value chain and promote its market integration as a functional bioresource
Nutritional status of southern highbush blueberry cultivars under tropical climate conditions of Central Brazil
Get PDFGlobal blueberry production has been increasing annually. The cultivation area in Brazil has expanded with the introduction of new low-chill cultivars, particularly those from the Southern Highbush group. Assessing the nutritional status of plants from different cultivars is essential for successful cultivation. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of Southern Highbush blueberry cultivars (Biloxi and Emerald) under tropical climate conditions of Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 2023 and 2024 at the Fruit Production Sector of the Biology Experimental Station (EEB) of the University of Brasília (UnB). The region\u27s climate is classified as Aw, tropical savanna, with dry winters and rainy summers, according to the Koppen-Geiger classification. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with 10 replications and 10 plants per experimental unit, totaling 200 plants. The treatments evaluated consisted of two cultivars: Emerald and Biloxi. Leaves were analyzed for nutrient contents: macronutrients included nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S), expressed in grams per kilogram (g kg-1); and micronutrient contents included boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), expressed in milligrams per kilogram (mg kg-1). The cultivars had a significant (p < 0.01) effect on leaf macronutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) and micronutrient (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B) contents in both years evaluated. The cultivar Emerald exhibited higher accumulation of N, P, Zn, and Cu, whereas the cultivar Biloxi showed greater accumulation of K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, and B in leaf tissues.Global blueberry production has been increasing annually. The cultivation area in Brazil has expanded with the introduction of new low-chill cultivars, particularly those from the Southern Highbush group. Assessing the nutritional status of plants from different cultivars is essential for successful cultivation. In this context, the objective of this study was to evaluate the nutritional status of Southern Highbush blueberry cultivars (Biloxi and Emerald) under tropical climate conditions of Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil. The experiment was conducted in 2023 and 2024 at the Fruit Production Sector of the Biology Experimental Station (EEB) of the University of Brasília (UnB). The region\u27s climate is classified as Aw, tropical savanna, with dry winters and rainy summers, according to the Koppen-Geiger classification. The experiment was conducted in a randomized block design, with 10 replications and 10 plants per experimental unit, totaling 200 plants. The treatments evaluated consisted of two cultivars: Emerald and Biloxi. Leaves were analyzed for nutrient contents: macronutrients included nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and sulfur (S), expressed in grams per kilogram (g kg-1); and micronutrient contents included boron (B), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), expressed in milligrams per kilogram (mg kg-1). The cultivars had a significant (p < 0.01) effect on leaf macronutrient (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and S) and micronutrient (Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B) contents in both years evaluated. The cultivar Emerald exhibited higher accumulation of N, P, Zn, and Cu, whereas the cultivar Biloxi showed greater accumulation of K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, and B in leaf tissues
Production of tamarind seedlings with organic substrates and application of swine biofertilizer
Get PDFThe tamarind tree is a fruit tree that is quite resistant to tropical climates, making it easy to adapt to the Northeast. Substrates and biofertilizers, as they are organic materials and rich in micro and macronutrients, can enrich the soil for better cultivation of this plant. This research aimed to evaluate the growth of tamarind seedlings using different substrates and applying swine biofertilizer. The experiment was carried out from April to December 2023 at the Instituto Federal da Paraíba, Campus – Sousa-PB, adopting a completely randomized experimental design, with seven replicates, in a 7 x 2 factorial, referring to seven combinations of substrates, being: soil (control treatment), soil + cattle manure, soil + sheep manure, soil + chicken litter, soil + cattle manure + sheep manure, soil + cattle manure + chicken litter, soil + sheep manure + chicken litter, in the absence and presence of swine biofertilizer, totaling 98 experimental units. When the seedlings reached 40 days after sowing (DAS), the following were measured: seedling height (AM), stem diameter (DC), number of leaves (NF), root dry mass (MSR), shoot dry mass (MSPA), root to shoot ratio (RPA), and root length (CR). The best combination of substrates for seedling production was soil + cattle manure + chicken litter. The application of swine biofertilizer to tamarind seedlings promoted beneficial effects on stem diameter, thus making seedlings stronger and more resistant.The tamarind tree is a fruit tree that is quite resistant to tropical climates, making it easy to adapt to the Northeast. Substrates and biofertilizers, as they are organic materials and rich in micro and macronutrients, can enrich the soil for better cultivation of this plant. This research aimed to evaluate the growth of tamarind seedlings using different substrates and applying swine biofertilizer. The experiment was carried out from April to December 2023 at the Instituto Federal da Paraíba, Campus – Sousa-PB, adopting a completely randomized experimental design, with seven replicates, in a 7 x 2 factorial, referring to seven combinations of substrates, being: soil (control treatment), soil + cattle manure, soil + sheep manure, soil + chicken litter, soil + cattle manure + sheep manure, soil + cattle manure + chicken litter, soil + sheep manure + chicken litter, in the absence and presence of swine biofertilizer, totaling 98 experimental units. When the seedlings reached 40 days after sowing (DAS), the following were measured: seedling height (AM), stem diameter (DC), number of leaves (NF), root dry mass (MSR), shoot dry mass (MSPA), root to shoot ratio (RPA), and root length (CR). The best combination of substrates for seedling production was soil + cattle manure + chicken litter. The application of swine biofertilizer to tamarind seedlings promoted beneficial effects on stem diameter, thus making seedlings stronger and more resistant
Germination and emergence of Astrocaryum aculeatum G. Mey. seeds subjected to desiccation
Get PDFAstrocaryum aculeatum is a palm tree of food and economic importance in the Amazon, but little information is found for its propagation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of A. aculeatum seeds as a function of different moisture contents. The seeds were desiccated in a vacuum oven for different periods (0, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours), which resulted in seeds and embryos with different moisture contents; the resulting seed moisture contents (18.6%, 16.3%, 14.7%, 13.1%, 11.3%, and 9.6%, respectively) were considered treatments. The seeds were divided into two lots: one immediately evaluated, and another evaluated after 30 days of storage, for each seed moisture content. Seed quality was evaluated through germination and seedling emergence in a completely randomized design with four replications, using a split-plot arrangement. A. aculeatum seeds and embryos presented different moisture contents, which decreased from 18.6% to 9.6% in seeds and from 39.1% to 20.9% in embryos after the 96-hour desiccation. Decreases in seed moisture content down to 14.4% (31.0% in embryos) do not affect seed germination and seedling emergence and can be considered the critical moisture content below which seed physiological quality is compromised.Astrocaryum aculeatum is a palm tree of food and economic importance in the Amazon, but little information is found for its propagation. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of A. aculeatum seeds as a function of different moisture contents. The seeds were desiccated in a vacuum oven for different periods (0, 12, 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours), which resulted in seeds and embryos with different moisture contents; the resulting seed moisture contents (18.6%, 16.3%, 14.7%, 13.1%, 11.3%, and 9.6%, respectively) were considered treatments. The seeds were divided into two lots: one immediately evaluated, and another evaluated after 30 days of storage, for each seed moisture content. Seed quality was evaluated through germination and seedling emergence in a completely randomized design with four replications, using a split-plot arrangement. A. aculeatum seeds and embryos presented different moisture contents, which decreased from 18.6% to 9.6% in seeds and from 39.1% to 20.9% in embryos after the 96-hour desiccation. Decreases in seed moisture content down to 14.4% (31.0% in embryos) do not affect seed germination and seedling emergence and can be considered the critical moisture content below which seed physiological quality is compromised
Analysis of ´Coronel´ hybrid fertigated tomato growth and nutrient uptake rate
Get PDF\u27Coronel\u27 hybrid tomato is grown in approximately 80% of salad tomato crops in three Southern Brazil states. Shoot and fruit biomass, as well as nutrient uptake rate, are parameters adopted in decision-making processes focused on crop fertilization recommendations. The aim of the current study is to determine shoot and fruit dry mass, as well as nutrient accumulation in leaves, stems and fruits throughout the \u27Coronel\u27 hybrid tomato production cycle. The experiment was carried out in Typic Hapludox soil, in Caçador County-SC. It followed a randomized block design, with 4 replicates. Treatments comprised 10 different collection times (14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126 and 140 days after planting). Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number and fresh mass of green and ripe fruits, were assessed at each sampling date. Total, commercial (extra AA and extra A) and non-commercial yield, as well as mean commercial fruit mass (extra AA and extra A), were assessed. Nutrient contents were determined in different plant organs. Fruit fresh mass reached 14.17 kg plant-1, at 140 days after transplanting (DAT). If one takes into consideration the population of 11,111 plants ha-1, it corresponds to production of 157.44 t ha-1. K was the nutrient recording the highest accumulation rate in the shoot dry mass (480.2 kg ha-1) at 140 DAT; it was followed by N (342.4 kg ha-1), Ca (199.9 kg ha-1), Mg (57.0 kg ha-1) and P (43.6 kg ha-1).\u27Coronel\u27 hybrid tomato is grown in approximately 80% of salad tomato crops in three Southern Brazil states. Shoot and fruit biomass, as well as nutrient uptake rate, are parameters adopted in decision-making processes focused on crop fertilization recommendations. The aim of the current study is to determine shoot and fruit dry mass, as well as nutrient accumulation in leaves, stems and fruits throughout the \u27Coronel\u27 hybrid tomato production cycle. The experiment was carried out in Typic Hapludox soil, in Caçador County-SC. It followed a randomized block design, with 4 replicates. Treatments comprised 10 different collection times (14, 28, 42, 56, 70, 84, 98, 112, 126 and 140 days after planting). Plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, number and fresh mass of green and ripe fruits, were assessed at each sampling date. Total, commercial (extra AA and extra A) and non-commercial yield, as well as mean commercial fruit mass (extra AA and extra A), were assessed. Nutrient contents were determined in different plant organs. Fruit fresh mass reached 14.17 kg plant-1, at 140 days after transplanting (DAT). If one takes into consideration the population of 11,111 plants ha-1, it corresponds to production of 157.44 t ha-1. K was the nutrient recording the highest accumulation rate in the shoot dry mass (480.2 kg ha-1) at 140 DAT; it was followed by N (342.4 kg ha-1), Ca (199.9 kg ha-1), Mg (57.0 kg ha-1) and P (43.6 kg ha-1)
Decomposition and nutrient release from shoot of legumes cover crops
Get PDFThe cover crops can reduce soil exposure and erosion while enhancing nutrient cycling for crops. Effective implementation requires understanding how cover crops decompose and release nutrients to align with crop demand. This research assessed the decomposition rates and nutrient release of various legume residues commonly used as green manure or cover crops in agricultural systems. The study took place in a nutrient-deficient Red-Yellow Ultisol, using a split-plot design with different legume cover crop species: Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis, Cajanus cajan, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp), Dolichos lablab, Canavalia ensiformis and Mucuna aterrima as the main plots and six evaluation periods: 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 days after incorporation (DAI) as the subplots. Initial mass losses were observed in the first 60 days, followed by a slower decline over the study period. The order of nutrient accumulation in biomass was found to be: K > N > P > Ca > Mg. The Dolichos lablab species had the slowest decomposition rate, with a half-life of 43 days, while Cajanus cajan had the fastest, with a half-life of 65 days. Potassium reached its maximum by 30 DAI, indicating a rapid transfer to the soil. Nitrogen, P, and K contents decreased during different vegetative phases, highlighting the importance of proper timing for legume management. Hemp, Crotalaria spectabilis, Dolichos lablab, and Canavalia ensiformis were suitable for short-cycle vegetables due to rapid nutrient availability. Conversely, Cajanus spp., and Mucuna aterrima were better for extended soil coverage and slow nutrient release.The cover crops can reduce soil exposure and erosion while enhancing nutrient cycling for crops. Effective implementation requires understanding how cover crops decompose and release nutrients to align with crop demand. This research assessed the decomposition rates and nutrient release of various legume residues commonly used as green manure or cover crops in agricultural systems. The study took place in a nutrient-deficient Red-Yellow Ultisol, using a split-plot design with different legume cover crop species: Crotalaria juncea, Crotalaria spectabilis, Cajanus cajan, Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp), Dolichos lablab, Canavalia ensiformis and Mucuna aterrima as the main plots and six evaluation periods: 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 150 days after incorporation (DAI) as the subplots. Initial mass losses were observed in the first 60 days, followed by a slower decline over the study period. The order of nutrient accumulation in biomass was found to be: K > N > P > Ca > Mg. The Dolichos lablab species had the slowest decomposition rate, with a half-life of 43 days, while Cajanus cajan had the fastest, with a half-life of 65 days. Potassium reached its maximum by 30 DAI, indicating a rapid transfer to the soil. Nitrogen, P, and K contents decreased during different vegetative phases, highlighting the importance of proper timing for legume management. Hemp, Crotalaria spectabilis, Dolichos lablab, and Canavalia ensiformis were suitable for short-cycle vegetables due to rapid nutrient availability. Conversely, Cajanus spp., and Mucuna aterrima were better for extended soil coverage and slow nutrient release
Growth components and gas exchange in Tecoma stans L. plants under water stress
Get PDFThe reduction in water availability has significant effects on plant physiology and morphology, leading to changes in metabolism that impair the plant establishment in the field. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of water stress on morphophysiological traits of Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth seedlings. The experimental design was conducted in a completely randomized design, with four irrigation intervals: daily irrigation (control), and irrigation intervals of 5, 10, and 15 days. Plant height and leaf number were measured weekly after the 15th day after transplanting and the root length, dry matter, and biomass allocation in different plant organs were determined after 60 days. Gas exchange measurements were also assessed. Tecoma stans showed significant response to water stress due to the extended irrigation intervals, showing a significant reduction in plant height, leaf number, dry matter (stem, leaves, roots, and total dry matter). Photosynthetic rates ranged from 1.8 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ under the longest irrigation interval to 13.6 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ in plants irrigated daily, with transpiration rates following a similar behavior. The highest gas exchange rates were observed under daily irrigation. The most significant negative effects on photosynthesis, transpiration, and particularly stomatal conductance were observed in plants irrigated under intervals of 10 and 15 days.The reduction in water availability has significant effects on plant physiology and morphology, leading to changes in metabolism that impair the plant establishment in the field. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of water stress on morphophysiological traits of Tecoma stans (L.) Juss. ex Kunth seedlings. The experimental design was conducted in a completely randomized design, with four irrigation intervals: daily irrigation (control), and irrigation intervals of 5, 10, and 15 days. Plant height and leaf number were measured weekly after the 15th day after transplanting and the root length, dry matter, and biomass allocation in different plant organs were determined after 60 days. Gas exchange measurements were also assessed. Tecoma stans showed significant response to water stress due to the extended irrigation intervals, showing a significant reduction in plant height, leaf number, dry matter (stem, leaves, roots, and total dry matter). Photosynthetic rates ranged from 1.8 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ under the longest irrigation interval to 13.6 μmol m⁻² s⁻¹ in plants irrigated daily, with transpiration rates following a similar behavior. The highest gas exchange rates were observed under daily irrigation. The most significant negative effects on photosynthesis, transpiration, and particularly stomatal conductance were observed in plants irrigated under intervals of 10 and 15 days
In vitro root development under different IBA concentrations and culture media
Get PDFIn vitro root cultivation is a method that provides high production and volume of roots quickly due to controlled environmental conditions. However, few studies report the in vitro development of excised roots for the most diverse plant species. The objective was to evaluate the in vitro development of excised mint (Menta piperita L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) roots under different concentrations of IBA and verify tomato roots\u27 growth in different cultivation media. Segments of 2 cm of roots were incubated in DSD1 culture medium with concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg. L-1 of AIB. Afterward, the \u27M,\u27 \u27MSR\u27, and DSD1 media were tested, supplemented with 1 mg L-1 of IBA. The cultivation of tomato roots shows greater in vitro development than mint, and 1 mg L-1 of IBA concentration was the most effective for tomatoes in DSD1 medium. The MSR medium resulted in a higher number and length of roots. Applying IBA increases the in vitro development of excised tomato roots compared to mint. For tomatoes, the concentration of 1 mg L-1 of IBA stimulates the most significant development of the roots. The MSR medium has the highest development of tomato roots at 60 days after in vitro introduction.In vitro root cultivation is a method that provides high production and volume of roots quickly due to controlled environmental conditions. However, few studies report the in vitro development of excised roots for the most diverse plant species. The objective was to evaluate the in vitro development of excised mint (Menta piperita L.) and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) roots under different concentrations of IBA and verify tomato roots\u27 growth in different cultivation media. Segments of 2 cm of roots were incubated in DSD1 culture medium with concentrations of 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 mg. L-1 of AIB. Afterward, the \u27M,\u27 \u27MSR\u27, and DSD1 media were tested, supplemented with 1 mg L-1 of IBA. The cultivation of tomato roots shows greater in vitro development than mint, and 1 mg L-1 of IBA concentration was the most effective for tomatoes in DSD1 medium. The MSR medium resulted in a higher number and length of roots. Applying IBA increases the in vitro development of excised tomato roots compared to mint. For tomatoes, the concentration of 1 mg L-1 of IBA stimulates the most significant development of the roots. The MSR medium has the highest development of tomato roots at 60 days after in vitro introduction
Chemical and physicochemical profiles of essential oil from Piper betel (L.) cultivated in different regions of Vietnam : Chemical and physicochemical profiles of essential oil from Piper betel (L.) cultivated in different regions of Vietnam
No full textThis study aimed to investigate the variation of essential oils from Piper betel cultivated in three different geographic regions of Vietnam (Hoc Mon, Tien Giang, and Dak Lak). The extraction of essential oil was conducted by hydro-distillation for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus. GC-MS was employed for the analysis of obtained essential oil. Physicochemical parameters were determined as per standard test methods. GC-MS revealed the highest amount of chavibetol present in all three essential oils of Piper betel cultivated in three different geographic regions of Vietnam: Hoc Mon (49.077%), Tien Giang (39.982%) and Dak Lak (34.888%). In contrast to the absence of Cadinene in both Hoc Mon and Tien Giang essential oils, there was remarkably an extremely high content of Cadinene present in Dak Lak essential oil, accounting for approximately 49% of the total constituents of essential oil. α-Cadinene was recorded to be the highest quantity (19.826%), followed by γ-Cadinene (15.470%) and δ-Cadinene (13.369%). Nature variation in different geographic regions of Vietnam (Hoc Mon, Tien Giang, and Dak Lak) plays a key role in the diversification of essential oil composition in Piper betel.This study aimed to investigate the variation of essential oils from Piper betel cultivated in three different geographic regions of Vietnam (Hoc Mon, Tien Giang, and Dak Lak). The extraction of essential oil was conducted by hydro-distillation for 3 h using a Clevenger-type apparatus. GC-MS was employed for the analysis of obtained essential oil. Physicochemical parameters were determined as per standard test methods. GC-MS revealed the highest amount of chavibetol present in all three essential oils of Piper betel cultivated in three different geographic regions of Vietnam: Hoc Mon (49.077%), Tien Giang (39.982%) and Dak Lak (34.888%). In contrast to the absence of Cadinene in both Hoc Mon and Tien Giang essential oils, there was remarkably an extremely high content of Cadinene present in Dak Lak essential oil, accounting for approximately 49% of the total constituents of essential oil. α-Cadinene was recorded to be the highest quantity (19.826%), followed by γ-Cadinene (15.470%) and δ-Cadinene (13.369%). Nature variation in different geographic regions of Vietnam (Hoc Mon, Tien Giang, and Dak Lak) plays a key role in the diversification of essential oil composition in Piper betel