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Comprendre le nouveau paradigme de la surveillance : de l’utilité des comparaisons dans l’espace et dans le temps
No full texthttps://efrome.hypotheses.org/1176
Assessment tools for the risk of pressure injury in children: A systematic review
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Pressure injuries in pediatric patients are associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and prolonged hospital stays, making the identification of effective risk assessment tools critical in clinical practice. Accurate risk assessment is essential in clinical practice. Although several assessment tools exist, their applicability and effectiveness vary across pediatric populations.Objective: To identify and evaluate tools designed to assess the risk of pressure injuries in children, focusing on their characteristics, validation populations, reliability, and applicability across different clinical contexts. Design: A systematic review was conducted. Methods: This systematic review (PROSPERO: CRD42024527687) was conducted in accordance with the Cochrane Handbook. Comprehensive searches were performed in five databases-PubMed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Embase-for studies published between January 2010 and March 2024. Eligible studies included those describing the development, use, or validation of pressure injury risk assessment tools in children. Two independent reviewers conducted the selection and appraisal process. Methodological quality was assessed using the QUADAS-2 and QAREL checklists, with general reference to COSMIN guidelines. Results: Of 964 records screened, 28 studies met the inclusion criteria, encompassing research from 15 countries, with Brazil being the most represented. Studies focused on pediatric and neonatal intensive care units, general wards, and surgical units. Ten different risk assessment tools were identified, including the Braden Q, Braden QD, and Glamorgan scales. The Braden QD scale-an adaptation of the Braden Q including medical device-related risk-was the most frequently evaluated. Other tools, such as the Pediatric Pressure Ulcer Prediction and Evaluation Tool and the Braden Q+P, were specifically developed or adapted for pediatric and neonatal use. Conclusions: All identified tools demonstrated acceptable validity and inter-rater reliability. However, no single tool proved universally applicable across all pediatric contexts. The Braden QD, Braden Q, and Glamorgan scales emerged as the most comprehensive, particularly in intensive care settings, aligning with National and European Pressure Ulcer Advisory Panel</div
Conférence : Approche socio-historique de la conjugalité et de la parentalité
No full textInternational audienc
Présences étrangères et fabrique des territoires ruraux : vers une « cosmopolitisation » des espaces ruraux ?
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Polyvalent immunoglobulin therapy: preclinical evidence and potential for treating chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy
No full textInternational audienc
Digital Pharmacological Twins: Bridging Multi-scale Modelling and Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicine : the DIGPHAT consortium
No full textInternational audienceThe advent of digital twins in pharmacology presents transformative potential for precision medicine, enabling personalized treatment optimization through dynamic computational simulations of drug interactions at molecular, cellular, and patient levels. These advanced virtual replicas of a patient's biological system are designed to predict individual therapeutic responses with high fidelity, thereby moving beyond the one-size-fits-all paradigm. This paper explores the concept of digital pharmacological twins, detailing how they can integrate heterogeneous data, including multi-omic, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, clinical, and environmental information, and employing a synergy of advanced mechanistic and machine learning models. Using illustrative examples from ongoing international initiatives, this work highlights the methodological frameworks necessary for developing and validating such comprehensive predictive tools. We underscore the critical importance of model interoperability, robust data integration strategies, and rigorous validation to ensure clinical utility. Ultimately, digital pharmacological twins promise to enhance therapeutic efficacy, minimize adverse drug reactions, and accelerate the translation of pharmacological science into tangible patient benefits
La répartition des compétences en matière de valorisation du domaine privé
No full textInternational audienceSaisi d'un litige relatif à la valorisation de chemins ruraux, le Tribunal des conflits rappelle sa jurisprudence relative aux actes de valorisation du domaine privé
Les élèves des lycées agricoles sont-ils hostiles à l’agroécologie ?
No full textInternational audienceL'article explore la réception de l'agroécologie par les élèves des lycées agricoles en France. Depuis le Grenelle de l’environnement en 2007, l’enseignement agricole intègre progressivement des pratiques agroécologiques, mais ces changements restent limités. La majorité des lycéens agricoles privilégient l’agriculture raisonnée plutôt que l’agriculture biologique, perçue comme moins productive et associée à un "retour en arrière". Leur perception est influencée par leur socialisation familiale : les enfants d’agriculteurs s’identifient davantage aux pratiques de leurs parents et de leurs maîtres de stage. L’agriculture biologique est également rejetée pour des raisons esthétiques et économiques. Toutefois, certains élèves issus de familles sensibilisées à l’écologie ou éloignés du monde agricole se montrent plus ouverts aux savoirs agroécologiques. L’accès aux métiers agricoles pour ces derniers demeure cependant complexe, notamment en raison des difficultés d’accès au foncier
On the structure of the Schur squares of Twisted Generalized Reed-Solomon codes and application to cryptanalysis
No full textInternational audienceTwisted generalized Reed-Solomon (TGRS) codes constitute an interesting family of evaluation codes, containing a large class of maximum distance separable codes non-equivalent to generalized Reed-Solomon (GRS) ones. Moreover, the Schur squares of TGRS codes may be much larger than those of GRS codes with same dimension. Exploiting these structural differences, in 2018, Beelen, Bossert, Puchinger and Rosenkilde proposed a subfamily of Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) Twisted Reed-Solomon (TRS) codes over with twists for McEliece encryption, claiming their resistance to both Sidelnikov Shestakov attack and Schur products--based attacks. In short, they claimed these codes to resist to classical key recovery attacks on McEliece encryption scheme instantiated with Reed-Solomon (RS) or GRS codes. In 2020, Lavauzelle and Renner presented an original attack on this system based on the computation of the subfield subcode of the public TRS code. In this paper, we show that the original claim on the resistance of TRS and TGRS codes to Schur products based--attacks is wrong. We identify a broad class of codes including TRS and TGRS ones that is distinguishable from random by computing the Schur square of some shortening of the code. Then, we focus on the case of single twist (i.e., ), which is the most efficient one in terms of decryption complexity, to derive an attack. The technique is similar to the distinguisher-based attacks of RS code-based systems given by Couvreur, Gaborit, Gauthier-Uma\~na, Otmani, Tillich in 2014
