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Liquid saliva analysis using optofluidic photonic crystal fiber for detection of oral potentially malignant disorders
No full textInternational audienc
Uncovering regulatory B‐cell features associated with regulatory T‐cell expansion and global T‐cell exhaustion in Waldenström macroglobulinemia Myd88 L252P ‐like lymphoplasmacytic lymphomas
No full textInternational audienceWaldenström's macroglobulinemia (WM) is a rare, indolent lymphoproliferative disorder, genetically characterized by the presence of the L265P mutation in the MYD88 gene in almost all cases, resulting in constitutive activation of NF‐kappa B (NF‐κB). Despite its slow progression, WM remains incurable due to the lack of specific treatments. The efficacy of therapies capable of reactivating the antitumor response of T‐cells is well documented in various solid tumors. Apart from Hodgkin's lymphoma, these therapies have very mixed effects on B‐cell lymphomas, especially those with NF‐κB activation. Here, we used the published Myd88 L252P mouse model, which develops a WM‐like disease close to human WM. By focusing on T‐cell exhaustion and regulatory T‐cell expansion, we show how T‐cells located near WM‐like tumors in mice are disrupted, while Myd88 L252P tumor B‐cells adopt an immunoregulatory phenotype evoking regulatory B‐cells. We also demonstrate, for the first time in the context of WM, the dual effect of Ibrutinib, an irreversible inhibitor of Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK), able to decrease B‐cell activation and expansion and to partially reverse T‐cell depletion in Myd88 L252P mice. With Ibrutinib as an example, this work provides new perspectives for the development of therapeutic combinations targeting tumor B‐cells while reactivating antitumor T‐cells
Carbon Nanotubes-Based Air-Filled Waveguide for D-Band Applications
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Hacer La Paz Con Lo Vivo: Una Perspectiva Jurídico-Antropológica De La Justicia Transicional
No full textAlice BRITES OSORIO. Faire la paix avec le vivant: une perspective juridico-anthropologique de la justice transitionnelle. Università degli Studi di Trento. Grandi transizioni, vulnerabilità e ruolo del diritto = Les grandes transitions, vulnérabilités et rôle du droit, IRIS, 2025, 978-88-5541-123-3. ⟨10.15168/11572_463217
La littérature calendaire au XXe siècle [ПУТИ БЫТОВАНИЯ КАЛЕНДАРНОЙ ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ В ХХ ВЕКЕ]
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Pre-Shared Key Authentication with EDHOC: the Security-Performance Tradeoff
No full textInternational audienceThe rapid growth of the Internet of Things ecosystem has intensified the need for secure, resource-efficient communication protocols. The EDHOC protocol is a lightweight authenticated keyexchange protocol, recently developed by the Internet Engineering Task Force. EDHOC addresses the challenges of transport over constrained radio technologies and execution on constrained microcontroller units. In its standardized version, the key-exchange can be authenticated using signatures or static Diffie-Hellman keys. However, many Internet of Things deployments in the wild rely on Pre-Shared Keys. As such, the potential use of EDHOC in those deployments requires a new authentication method for this protocol, based on Pre-Shared Keys. Two variants of Pre-Shared Keys authentication in EDHOC are currently under consideration in the Internet Engineering Task Force LAKE working group. This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of these variants, examining their performance metrics, implementation complexity, and security and privacy considerations. Our evaluation focuses on computational time, memory usage, and deployment challenges in diverse Internet of Things ecosystems. Based on our analysis, we have formulated a recommendation to the Working Group, which has opted to adopt and standardize PSK2
Label-free discrimination of muscle proteins based on nonresonant background signature of Multiplex-Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering imaging
No full textInternational audienceLabel-free discrimination between protein families within the same biological environment remains a significant challenge for bioimaging. We present a novel method that addresses this issue by exploiting the non-resonant background (NRB) signal in Multiplex-Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (M-CARS) spectroscopy, a signal typically regarded as noise. Our approach leverages the contrast between resonant and non-resonant contributions in hyperspectral M-CARS data to enable the distinct detection and spatial mapping of individual protein families. As a proof of concept, we apply this method to distinguish actin and myosin filaments in muscle tissue. Myosin is first localized through its endogenous second harmonic generation (SHG) signal. Pixel-wise analysis of the ratio between resonant and non-resonant components then reveals the location of actin filaments, in agreement with SHG expectations. This work highlights the untapped potential of the silent spectral region, which carries valuable discriminative information. By leveraging the intrinsic differences in nonlinear optical responses between proteins, this strategy enables qualitative label-free imaging and enhances the analytical potential of M-CARS spectroscopy for multifactorial biological studies
Comparison of epilepsy knowledge, awareness, and attitudes in Lebanon: General population versus pharmacy students
No full textInternational audienceBackground:Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic neurological disorder associated with significant social stigma and misconceptions. Two Lebanese studies—one on the general population and another on pharmacy students—were conducted to provide insights into epilepsy knowledge in Lebanon, highlighting the importance of a proper understanding of epilepsy to reduce stigma and discrimination, ultimately improving the quality of life for patients with epilepsy in Lebanon.Methods:Both studies employed cross-sectional designs using structured web-based questionnaires to evaluate epilepsy knowledge, awareness, and attitudes. Statistical analysis included Chi-square tests (p<0.05) in both studies, with the general population study additionally using logistic regression. The pharmacy student study utilised descriptive statistics and frequency analyses to determine correlations between variables.Results:A total of 301 Lebanese adults (66% females) and 146 pharmacy students (80.1% females) completed the surveys. Both populations demonstrated high levels of knowledge and recognised epilepsy as non-contagious (84.4% general population vs. 83.5% pharmacy students). Both groups identified medication as the primary treatment (90.4% general population vs. 97.3% pharmacy students). Awareness levels differed, with 70.1% of the general population demonstrating good awareness compared to 47.3% of pharmacy students recognising different seizure types. Attitudes were positive in both groups regarding marriage (88% general population vs. 87.7% pharmacy students) and having children (87.4% general population vs. 88.3% pharmacy students). Both populations perceived employment limitations (60% general population vs. 60.3% pharmacy students) while supporting sports participation with restrictions (75.1% general population vs. 82.9% pharmacy students).The impact of education was a significant finding in both studies. Lecture attendance was strongly associated with improved knowledge in the general population (OR 5.756, p<0.001), while lectures were cited as the primary source of information (63.7%) for pharmacy students. This educational effect was further demonstrated by professional-year pharmacy students exhibiting significantly better knowledge than pre-professional students (p<0.05), mirroring how higher education levels in the general population correlated with better epilepsy understanding.Despite generally good knowledge, both populations exhibited concerning misconceptions about seizure first aid. Approximately 21.9% of pharmacy students and 36.9% of the general population incorrectly believed they should hold a patient's tongue during a seizure. Additionally, only 69.9% of pharmacy students and 55.8% of the general population knew to protect the head during a seizure, highlighting important knowledge gaps across both groups that could potentially lead to harmful interventions during seizure events.Conclusion:Both studies revealed generally adequate knowledge and positive attitudes towards epilepsy in Lebanon, though important misconceptions persist across both populations, particularly regarding first aid management and certain social limitations. The strong correlation between formal education and improved knowledge in both studies highlights the importance of targeted educational initiatives. Pharmacy education specifically plays a crucial role in developing knowledgeable healthcare professionals who can help dispel epilepsy misconceptions. These findings suggest that expanding educational programmes about epilepsy—both in healthcare curricula and through public awareness campaigns—would be beneficial for improving epilepsy understanding and reducing stigma throughout Lebanese society
