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Opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES) on the risks to human health associated with the proliferation of Ostreopsis spp. on the Basque coast
No full textN/AInternational audienceIn France, the presence of marine microalgae of the genus Ostreopsis has been identified repeatedly on the Mediterranean coast for several years, whereas on the French Basque coasts its presence is much more recent. In the summers of 2021 and 2022, major Ostreopsis flowering episodes were reported on the Basque coast, resulting in several hundred cases of intoxication among holidaymakers and residents. The main route of human exposure is inhalation of aerosols, although it is not yet known whether the agents responsible for poisoning are Ostreopsis cells, cell debris, known toxins produced by Ostreopsis, or other as yet unidentified compounds. Other routes of exposure (dermal contact, eye contact, ingestion of contaminated water or seafood) are also possible. Poisoning is manifested through various signs and symptoms, occurring within 48 hours of exposure (Neurosensory and neurological, respiratory, dermal and digestive). This document presents the opinion of the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health & Safety (ANSES), established from the work of its WATER and ERCA Expert Committees. ANSES received a request from the Directorate General for Health (DGS) and the Directorate General for Food (DGAL) to update knowledge about Ostreopsis that had been reported in the Agency's opinions from 2007 and 2008 (ANSES, 2007 and 2008), and draw up specific recommendations for managing Ostreopsis proliferation on the Basque coast. The literature review conducted as part of this expert appraisal revealed that knowledge about the genus Ostreopsis (diversity, biology, ecology, toxins produced) is still too fragmentary to characterise the hazard and risk to human health. Nevertheless to help local authorities affected by Ostreopsis blooms, Agency proposes a surveillance and quality monitoring strategy based on collaboration between site managers and the regional health agencies (ARSs), applicable to sites currently subject to bathing water quality monitoring and water sports sites that meet the conditions below
L'expédition des affaires courantes et l'extradition
No full textInternational audienceNote sous Conseil d'Etat, 10 mars 2025, no 497648 (sera mentionné aux tables du Lebon) et Conseil d'Etat, 10 mars 2025, no 498585 (sera mentionné aux tables du Lebon
Real-time procedural resurfacing using GPU mesh shader
No full textInternational audienceReal-time rendering of complex environments and detailed objects is challenging due to the geometric generation cost and its associated memory requirements. Traditional methods often rely on precomputed procedural details, limiting flexibility and realtime interaction. Although state-of-the-art approaches have addressed these questions, they frequently fall short in providing dynamic, high-fidelity surface transformations. This article presents a novel real-time procedural mesh resurfacing method that utilizes GPU mesh shaders to generate a wide range of geometrical appearances directly in place of a base control mesh. Our approach enables on-the-fly procedural geometry generation, allowing for the creation of new explicit geometric surfaces, fine control over geometric adjustments, and dynamic level of detail management. Procedural parameters can be accurately driven in real time by explicit control maps or arbitrary user inputs. The proposed technique reduces VRAM usage and power consumption, offering competitive performance compared to traditional pipelines. Comparative evaluations demonstrate that it enables a significantly higher number of primitives to be rendered in real-time without being limited by GPU memory. The key advantage of the proposed resurfacing framework lies in its ability to fully control dynamic generation of surfaces at rendertime
Improving Virtual Contrast Enhancement using Longitudinal Data
No full textInternational audienceGadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) are widely used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to enhance lesion detection and characterisation, particularly in the field of neuro-oncology. Nevertheless, concerns regarding gadolinium retention and accumulation in brain and body tissues, most notably for diseases that require close monitoring and frequent GBCA injection, have led to the need for strategies to reduce dosage. In this study, a deep learning framework is proposed for the virtual contrast enhancement of full-dose post-contrast T1-weighted MRI images from corresponding low-dose acquisitions. The contribution of the presented model is its utilisation of longitudinal information, which is achieved by incorporating a prior full-dose MRI examination from the same patient. A comparative evaluation against a non-longitudinal single session model demonstrated that the longitudinal approach significantly improves image quality across multiple reconstruction metrics. Furthermore, experiments with varying simulated contrast doses confirmed the robustness of the proposed method. These results emphasize the potential of integrating prior imaging history into deep learning-based virtual contrast enhancement pipelines to reduce GBCA usage without compromising diagnostic utility, thus paving the way for safer, more sustainable longitudinal monitoring in clinical MRI practice
Étude numérique de l'agrégation de colloïdes en écoulement dans un milieu confiné
No full textThe objective of this thesis is to numerically study the aggregation of colloidal suspensions subjected to Poiseuille flow. Simulations are performed using the Stochastic Rotation Dynamics – Molecular Dynamics (SRD-MD) method, which enables the simulation of suspensions at the colloidal scale while accounting for the various hydrodynamic interactions that may arise under flow in a confined environment. First, we demonstrate how the SRD-MD method can be used to simulate the behavior of a stable suspension in a Poiseuille flow between two infinite planes. Then, we investigate how aggregates form under flow when the colloids experience attractive interactions. Finally, we focus on heteroaggregation under flow conditions for oppositely charged colloids initially distributed separately along the walls (positively charged particles in the upper region and negatively charged ones in the lower region of the simulation box). In all cases, the shape and organization of the aggregates are discussed as functions of the colloidal interactions and the applied flow parameters.L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier numériquement l'agrégation de suspensions colloïdales soumises à un écoulement de Poiseuille. Les simulations sont réalisées avec la méthode de "Stochastic Rotation Dynamics - Molecular Dynamics" (SRD-MD) qui permet de simuler les suspensions à l'échelle des colloïdes en prenant en compte les différentes interactions hydrodynamiques pouvant intervenir sous flux dans un milieu confiné. Dans un premier temps, nous avons montré comment la SRD-MD permet de simuler le comportement d'une suspension stable dans un écoulement de Poiseuille entre deux plans infinis. Puis nous avons étudié comment les agrégats se forment sous flux pour des colloïdes qui ont des interactions attractives. Pour finir, nous nous sommes intéressés à l'hétéroagrégation sous flux de colloïdes de charge opposée initialement répartis de façon séparée entre les murs (particules positives dans la partie supérieure et négatives dans la partie inférieure de la boîte de simulation). Dans tous les cas, la forme et l'organisation des agrégats sont discutées en fonction des interactions colloïdales et des paramètres du flux appliqué
Les effets des mécanismes de gouvernance sur les pratiques RSE des entreprises françaises
No full textThis study aims to examine the effect of demographic diversity among board members on corporate social responsibility (CSR). Specifically, it explores how gender diversity, nationality diversity, and age diversity within boards of directors influence CSR performance. The sample includes 54 French companies listed on the SBF 120 index for the period 2008-2020. The results, obtained through regression using the EGLS method, show that gender diversity, measured by the Blau index, has a positive and highly significant effect on CSR performance. Conversely, age diversity among directors negatively affects CSR performance, while nationality diversity has a positive but limited impact. These results remain robust after adjusting for endogeneity using the GMM method. A supplementary analysis reveals that the effect of directors' demographic attributes on CSR performance is similar for both family and non-family businesses. In conclusion, board diversity influences CSR performance in a comparable way, regardless of whether the company is family-owned or not.Ce travail a pour objectif d’étudier l’effet de la diversité des caractéristiques démographiques des administrateurs sur la responsabilité sociale des entreprises (RSE). Plus précisément, elle examine comment la diversité de genre, la diversité des nationalités et la diversité des âges au sein des conseils d'administration influencent la performance RSE. L'échantillon étudié comprend 54 entreprises françaises cotées à l'indice SBF 120 pour la période 2008-2020. Les résultats, obtenus par régression avec la méthode EGLS, indiquent que la diversité du genre, mesurée par l'indice Blau, a un effet positif et très significatif sur la performance RSE. En revanche, la diversité des âges des administrateurs impacte négativement la performance RSE, tandis que la diversité des nationalités a un impact positif mais limité. Ces résultats demeurent robustes après ajustement pour le problème d’endogénéité à l'aide de la méthode GMM. Une analyse complémentaire révèle que l'effet des attributs démographiques des administrateurs sur la performance RSE est similaire pour les entreprises familiales et non familiales. En conclusion, la diversité au sein du conseil d’administration influence la performance RSE de manière similaire, qu'il s'agisse d'entreprises familiales ou non familiales
Animation de l'atelier « Reconnaissance et valorisation des groupes professionnels »
No full textInternational audienceDans le cadre de la session du réseau thématique RT1 – Savoirs, travail, professions.Auteur-ices :— Marine Le Net, Devenir "agent d’entretien et de proximité" : luttes pour la définition et la valorisation d’une profession. Ethnographie d’une formation certifiante pour adultes— Nsuni Met, Julie Devictor, Lucile Girard, L’intégration des Infirmier en Pratique Avancée : similitudes et divergences entre la ville et l’hôpital— Johann Lepellec, Un passionné "réaliste" : la construction de l’identité professionnelle du ludicaire— Carolina De Rosis, La prévention et la promotion de la santé dans les discours et les pratiques au sein du groupe professionnel infirmier : des espaces de construction identitaire entre nouvelles collaborations et segmentation professionnelle
Musculoskeletal disorders in type 1 diabetes: Clinical phenotyping and associations with quality of life and glucose control - The French SFDT1 cohort study
No full textInternational audienceBackgroundMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common, but overlooked, complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This study aims to describe MSD phenotypes (clinical, lifestyle, socio-economic) in adults with T1DM.MethodsWe analyzed adult participants in the SFDT1 cohort study. We assessed the following MSDs: stress fractures, non-traumatic upper-limb disorders, and entrapment syndromes. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of the association between MSDs and various factors. After applying multiple imputations for missing data, we computed logistic regression models with progressive adjustments on confounding factors.ResultsOf 1832 participants (53 % men, median age 38 (IQR 22) years), 34 % reported at least one personal history of MSD: 8 % for stress fractures, 24 % for upper-limb disorders and 15 % for entrapment syndromes. A higher prevalence of MSDs was found in women, with aging and with diabetes duration. In a fully adjusted model, we observed a positive association between current smoking (OR [95 %CI] = 1.50 [1.14;1.97]), non-excessive alcohol consumption (1.45 [1.14;1.85]), neuropathy (1.70 [1.35;2.15]), retinopathy (1.30 [1.02;1.65]), use of automated insulin delivery systems (1.53 [1.06;2.21]) and MSDs. MSDs were associated with reduced global quality of life (0.97 [0.95;0.98]). MSDs were not associated with HbA1c, social vulnerability or physical activity.ConclusionWe have shown that MSDs are found in 1 in 3 people with T1DM. They are associated with several lifestyle factors, diabetes complications and the use of automated insulin delivery systems. MSDs should be considered in the T1DM assessment to optimize quality of life