International Journal of Research in AYUSH and Pharmaceutical Sciences (IJRAPS)
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EVALUATION OF ANTIPYRETIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOLIC EXTRACT OF WEDELIA TRILOBATA
Get PDFThe aim of present study was to investigate antipyretic activity of ethanolic extract of leaves of Wedelia trilobata in yeast induced pyrexia in wistar albino rats. In which pyrexia was induced by an intraperitonial injection of 20% brewer’s yeast (10 ml/kg b.wt.). The body temperature of rats were measured before the injection of yeast and injected ethanolic extract of leaves of Wedelia trilobata (100 mg/kg b.wt.) and (200 mg/kg b.wt.) and followed by treatment with paracetamol (150 mg/kg b.wt.). The body temperature of experimental animals were recorded in the time interval of 0 hr, 1 hr, 2 hr and 3 hr with help of digital clinical thermometer which is placed in rectum in the depth of 2 cm and recorded body temperature values shown that the leaves extract of of Wedelia trilobata possess antipyretic activity
REVIEW ON VARUNA (CRATAEVA NURVALA BUCH. HAM.) WITH SPECIAL REFERECE TO AYURVEDIC, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL ASPECT
No full textAyurveda consisting of treasure of valuable information regarding medicinal plants is one of the greatest gifts of ancient India to the mankind. Varuna (Crataeva nurvala Buch. Ham.) belonging to Capparidaceae family is a high-value medicinal plant. It grows almost all over India, particularly in the semiarid regions. This plant is used in traditional system of medicine against a wide variety of urinary disorders especially Urolithiasis (Mutrashmari). Reports have been cited in the literature to support its multi-dimensional therapeutic potential. It is rich in flavonoids, glucosinolates, plant sterols, including lupeol, saponins, and tannins. The largest group of plant secondary metabolites is the terpenes. Varuna has been demonstrated to possess multiple pharmacological activities such as anti-urolithiatic, diuretic, nephroprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antidiabetic, anti-arthritic, antiperiodic, anti-poisonous anti-infertility, anti-protozoal, wound healing, cytoprotective, anti-cancer and cardio protective activity. This review highlights the comprehensive information particularly about Ayurvedic description of Varuna, Phytochemical costituents and various pharmacological properties of this popular and promising herb which may provide encouragement to investigators for conducting further research in order to develop an efficient and safe new chemical entity responsible for its claimed traditional uses
A CRITICAL REVIEW OF MUTRAGHATA IN AYURVEDA
Get PDFFrom the study of ancient surgical text Sushruta samhita, it becomes evident that the urological problems form an important part of medical sciences. This article reviews the various concept of Mutraghata in Brihattrayi regarding its classification, symptomatology, etiological factors, pathology, and its complications. In present an attempt to made a sincere effort to acquaint the reader with the wealth of knowledge available in Ayurvedic literature on the important subject of Mutraghat. Mutraghata is one of the most common and distressing disease among the group of urinary disorder. The 12 types of Mutraghata are classified in to three categories for easier understanding of the subject and also to aid in approaching a patient of Mutraghata where in the principles of differential diagnosis has to be applied. The first category is based on the Neurogenic disturbances of the bladder and the types that can be included under this are – Vatakundalika, Vata Basti and Mutrajathara. The second category with the symptomatology of Obstructed flow of urine, Increased frequency of urination, Sense of incomplete voiding etc. has the Bastikundalika, Mutragranthi, Mutrotsarga and Ashteela types.
The third category is termed as “Others”, where the types included are – Mutrakshaya (Anuria), Ushnavata (Haematuria), Mutoukasada (Abnormal colourisation of urine), Vidvighata (faecum passed per uretherum) & Mutrashukra (Retrograde flow of semen) can be interpreted as close to the conditions provided in the brackets. Mutraghata is a condition in consequence with some kind of Obstructive Uropathy either mechanical or functional; related either to upper or lower urinary tract resulting in to either partial or complete retention of urine as well as Oliguria or Anuria. For the easier understanding of the subject, it is an attempt to compile the various concept of Mutraghata scattered in Brihattrayi and correlate them with modern urinary disorders
PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STUDIES AND PRELIMINARY PHYTOCHEMICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE BARK OF BAUHINIA VARIEGATA (CAESALPINIACEAEA)
Get PDFBauhinia variegata (Family - Caesalpiniaceaea) is a medium-sized, deciduous tree, found throughout India, ascending to an altitude up to 1800m in Himalayas. The objective of the study was to develop various standardization parameters for the evaluation of Bark of this plant. Microscopy, powder characteristics of bark were observed and results were recorded. Physicochemical analysis such as extractive value includes petroleum ether, ethanol, ethyl acetate and aqueous soluble extractive values of 2.88, 6.86, 2.96, and 8.88% w/w respectively; extracts were analysed by chemical test and showed presence of flavonoids, tannins, steroids and triterpenoids etc. The preliminary phytochemical investigation indicated presence of tannins, carbohydrates, flavenoieds and steroids. The results obtained from standardization of bark established the macro and microscopical parameters, physicochemical parameters, TLC profiles that characterize the genuine plant drug (B.variegata) so these parameters are useful for quick identification of drug and are particularly useful in the case of powdered materials
ROLE OF MEDHYA RASAYANA (NOOTROPIC HERBS) IN PRESENT SCENARIO: AN AYURVEDIC OVERVIEW
Get PDFRasayanatantra is a branch of Ayurveda which describes the measures of attaining long life, maintenance of youthfulness, increasing immunity and providing excellent nutrition to all the body tissues. Rasayana on regular practice boosts nourishment, health, memory, immunity and longevity. Rasayana can be classified as Dravyabhuta and Adravyabhuta Rasayana. Adravyabhuta Rasayana includes Aachara Rasayana and Dravyabhuta Rasayana are classified as Kamya Rasayana, Naimittika Rasayana and Ajasrika Rasayana. Medhya Rasayana (nootropic herbs) is a subtype of Kamya Rasayana and they are used with an intention or desire to improve intellect, concentration and memory. Need of attaining mental peace is increasing day by day in view of tremendous increase in the stress and strain. Medhya Rasayana described in the classics can be used as single Dravyas or in combination. Some examples from our classics are Mandukaparni, Gudduchi, Yashtimadhu, Shankhpushpi, Brahmi, Vacha, Jatamansi and Ashwagandha. Aims and Objectives: To highlight the importance of using Rasayana in today’s perspective which is bounded by stressed life and immense competition. Materials and Methods: All the relevant Ayurvedic classics with desired content matter was available which was thoroughly searched and the outcome was analyzed. Conclusion: The use of Medhyarasayana in everyday sphere is a boon to the mankind considering the amount of stress, one is surrounded by which is difficult to deal with now a days
UV SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION FOR SIMULTANEOUS ESTIMATION OF ALPRAZOLAM AND MEBEVERINE HYDROCHLORIDE IN BULK DRUG AND PHARMACEUTICAL FORMULATION
Get PDFA simple, accurate, precise, sensitive, rapid and economical spectrophotometric method was developed and validated for simultaneous estimation of Alprazolam (ALP) and Mebeverine HCl (MBH) in bulk drug and pharmaceutical formulation. The estimation of these drugs was carried out by using 0.1M HCl as a solvent. The wavelength maxima for Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 262.3 nm and 222.5 nm. The linearity range was observed in the concentration range of 3-15 µg/ml for both drugs and regression equation was found to be for ALP 0.0565x+0.0138 and for MBH 0.049x-0.0126. Percentage recoveries for Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 99.84% and 99.47% respectively. % RSD values for Intra-day precision were found to be for ALP 1.18% and for MBH 0.59%. Inter-day precision %RSD values were found to be for ALP 0.94% and for MBH 0.69%. LOD was found to be for ALP 1.42 (µg/ml) and for MBH 2.1542 (µg/ml). LOQ was found to be for ALP 4.3242 (µg/ml) and for MBH 6.5442 (µg/ml). The %Assay of Alprazolam and Mebeverine HCl were found to be 99.20% and 100.02% respectively. Statistical analysis proved that the developed method can be successfully used for simultaneous analysis of Alprazolam and Mebeverne HCl in pure and tablet dosage forms
A CONCEPTUAL REVIEW ON TAILA MURCHANA
Get PDFTaila kalpana has widely used dosage form described in Ayurvedic formulations for both external and internal use. Taila murchana is the first step of Taila preparation. Murchana has been adopted for enhancing the potency of oil and to remove the bad odour and Amadosa. In classics Tailas like Tilataila (sesame), Eranda (Castor) taila, Katu (Mustard) Taila needs Murchanaas preliminary process of Taila paaka. It has been mentioned in detail for the first time in Bhaishajya Ratnavali. Fat/Water soluble active principles of drugs are extracted into medicated oil in this method. Taila with Murchana are having more therapeutic potency and shelf life than crude Taila. The process of Murchana has high significance in today\u27s scenario of globalization and the urge for better therapeutic efficacy. Hence the process of Murchana must be strictly included as the prerequisites of any medicated oil preparations. In this article an attempt has been done to review concepts regarding Taila murchana in literature of Ayurvedic pharmaceutics
PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND ANTIMICROBIAL SCREENING OF METHANOL EXTRACT OF ANNONA MURICATA L. LEAVES
Get PDFThe plant Annona muricata (soursop)is used in traditional medicine for the treatment of many disease conditions such as diabetes, dysentery and malaria. Hence, the need for a scientific study to justify some of the curative claims associated with its use by local healers. To achieve this, we carried out cold maceration extraction on the leaves using methanol as extracting solvent. Phytochemical analysis of the crude extract shows that flavonoids, saponins, and tannins were present, while alkaloids and anthraquinones were absent.
The extract was tested for anti-microbial activities on both bacterial and fungal isolates using ciprofloxacin and econazole as positive controls respectively. The isolates used in this study were Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Results show that the extract was active on Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa but inactive on Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger, an indication that the plant extract possessed only antibacterial, and no antifungal, activities. The zone of growth inhibition ranged from 12 to 20 mm with variable MIC and MBC values. These results support the use of the soursop leaf concoction as herbal medication for the treatment of various bacterial diseases
DIFFERENTIATION OF ASTHISARA INDIVIDUALS FROM ANYASARA INDIVIDUALS WITH REFERENCE TO THEIR SKELETAL FRAMEWORK OF THE BODY
No full textScience of Ayurveda is more observed than investigated & it is based on clinical findings. Modern physiology is study of functions of various systems. Ayurveda physiology is study of mainly Dosa, Dhatu & Mala. They together constitute living body. Each group has its own characteristics & has different role in the homeostasis of the body as well as in the origination of diseases. Modern physiology is a based on evidences and concerned Datus. Ayurveda also based upon fundamental & basic principles. Seven Dhatus are those entities which actually sustain living body. To illuminate their excellent functions, Saratah Pariksan is explained in Ayurvedic literatures. Saratah Pariksan is examined according to the special features of each Dhatu in the individuals. Thus in Asthisara individual, function of Asthi dhatu is (Visudhatar) excellent in comparison to rest. They are resembles by robust, long bones & joints with firm body. One research was performed to establish the Lakshanas of Asthisara purusa by comparing with Anyasara purusa according to Sara pariksana according to the Samhitas as well as the measurement of their bones & joints and other variables. We observed that, in Asthisara persons length of bones, width of joints and head circumference is significant than in Anyasara persons
REVIEW ON NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE AND ITS HOMOEOPATHIC TREATMENT
Get PDFNon-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the commonest liver disorder in western industrialized countries (prevalence≈20%), NAFLD represents increase fat in hepatocytes (steatosis) visualized, e.g. on ultrasound that cannot be attributed to other causes (most commonly alcohol so consider NAFLD if Drink male <18u/wk, female <9u). If inflammation is also present (increase LFT, typically increase ALT) = non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Rule out other causes of liver disease and check for associated metabolic disorders (obesity, dyslipidemia, diabetes and hypertension). Progression to cirrhosis may occur—biopsy or elastography may be needed. Risk factors for progression are older age; obesity; DM; NASH. Control risk factors; including obesity (bariatric surgery helps). Address cardiovascular risk (commonest cause of death). Avoid alcohol consumption. No drug is of proven Benefit, though vitamin E may improve histology in fibrosis (eg400 iu/d-higher doses Associated with excess mortality). Monitor for complications (NASH, cirrhosis, DM). If cirrhotic, screen for HCC with ultrasound± AFP twice-yearly. There is no standardized treatment for fatty liver. Treating the underlying cause can easily reverse the abnormal changes in the liver, provided, it is early in the disease. Homoeopathic remedies like Arsenic Album, Nux Vomica, Chelidonium, Cardus m, Apocynum, Lycopodium, Sepia, Phosphorous, Digitalis, Bryonia, Helleborus Niger, Ferrum Met, kali Carb, Iris V, Natrum Carb and many other medicines are very helpful in the treatment of fatty liver symptoms