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Determinants of successful completion and short-term benefits associated with temporary alcohol abstinence during Dry January in France: A prospective cohort study
No full textInternational audienceObjective: Temporary alcohol abstinence campaigns (TAAC), such as Dry January, aim to encourage behavioural change in the general population. Despite its popularity, a comprehensive evaluation of the French version has not yet been conducted. This prospective study aimed to identify characteristics associated with successful completion of the challenge (i.e., remaining alcohol-free throughout January), and to assess improvements in drinking refusal self-efficacy, sleep quality, and mental and physical health.Methods: A sample of 2123 French adults participating in Dry January 2024 completed both a baseline and a one-month follow-up questionnaire online. A broad range of variables were assessed, including demographic and contextual factors, alcohol use patterns and motives, drinking refusal self-efficacy, and health-related outcomes.Results: Key factors positively associated with successful completion included previous participation, registration, and higher baseline self-efficacy in resisting alcohol in social situations. Among registrants, greater engagement with support emails significantly increased the likelihood of abstinence. In contrast, smoking and identifying one's drinking as excessive were linked to lower odds of completion. The campaign was associated with improvements in drinking refusal self-efficacy, mental well-being, sleep quality, and physical health - particularly among participants who completed the full month without alcohol.Conclusions: This study offers the first evaluation of the French version of Dry January, highlighting the factors influencing challenge completion and short-term benefits of participation. The findings add support to the value of TAAC as scalable and impactful public health tools and underscore the importance of tailored support strategies to maximize participant success and behavioural change
Cardiac Amyloidosis Screening and Management in Patients With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: An International Survey
No full textInternational audienceCardiac amyloidosis (CA) is still an underdiagnosed cause of heart failure (HF) and early disease recognition and timely disease-modifying therapy (DMT) administration translate to better outcomes. We aimed to assess CA screening and management approaches for patients with HF preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) among physicians worldwide. An independent academic web-based survey was distributed worldwide between May 2023 and July 2023. Overall, 1,460 physicians (61% were men, median age was 42 [34 to 49] years) from 95 countries completed the survey. A total of 2/3 of respondents had experience diagnosing CA and reported having 10% of patients with CA in patients with HFpEF. Systematic screening for CA of all patients with HFpEF was performed by 10% of responders, whereas 24% did not consider the screening. Most responders (39%) used left ventricular hypertrophy as a screening criterion. Serum protein electrophoresis with immunofixation of free light chain and urine protein electrophoresis or cardiac magnetic resonance were selected by half of the responders as a first-line diagnostic tool. The combination of serum protein electrophoresis with immunofixation free light chain, urine protein electrophoresis, and bone scintigraphy was considered by 32% of the participants. CA DMT was available for 48% of the physicians. About 82% of responders would administrate HF to patients with HFpEF with CA, with the most preferable drugs being diuretics, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors. In conclusion, the results reveal the uncertainties among physicians worldwide regarding the need for CA screening of patients with HFpEF. CA remains a disease with very heterogeneous management, particularly, in the screening and diagnostic workup. The HF community should aim to educate on CA and improve access to DMT
Dix questions concernant la sobriété de l'habitat
No full textInternational audienceHousing sufficiency is an emerging concept in the provision of environmentally sustainable housing. It aims for demand-side strategies that reduce excessive, aggregate consumption levels to promote efficient resource utilization and sustainability in the construction sector while providing everyone with a decent standard of housing. However, it is challenging to implement as it interferes with housing-related social and cultural norms. This paper poses and answers ten questions that highlight the challenges, opportunities, and examples of sufficiency strategies in the context of housing provision and the environmental crisis. Question 1 discusses the need for sufficiency as a tool to complement supply-side strategies including efficiency and renewable energy strategies in providing housing. Question 2 examines the concept of housing sufficiency from different perspectives, such as ecological economics and social ecology. Question 3 summarizes the methods used to measure housing sufficiency, with specific focus on the upper and lower limits that respect planetary boundaries and basic human needs. Questions 4 and 5 describe the benefits, potential drawbacks, and rebound effects of housing sufficiency. Questions 6 and 7 examine housing sufficiency in developed and developing countries, respectively. Questions 8 and 9 discuss design strategies, housing occupancy, and tenure models that are needed for housing sufficiency. Finally, Question 10 provides a summary of policies and regulations that are needed to systematically support the implementation of sufficiency strategies. The questions and answers provide insights for wider application of housing sufficiency in research and practice
« Et la socialisation des enfants ? ». Apports et limites des enquêtes de mairie mises en œuvre par des assistantes sociales d’une grande ville
No full textInternational audienc
Urban environment and RSV: a retrospective observational study of neighbourhood factors associated with the risk of severe disease in the infant population of a metropolitan area, Lyon, France
No full textVRS study group in Lyon : Aymeric Cantais, Elsa Masson, Emilie Bard, Martine Valette, Remi Fanget, Sandrine Couray Targe, Anne-Florence Myar-Dury, Muriel Doret-Dion, Mona Massoud, Gregory Queromes, Philippe Vanhems, Olivier Claris, Marine Butin, Sylvie Pillet, Florence Ader, Sylvie Bin, Alexandre Gaymard & Florence MorfinInternational audienceBackgroundSevere acute respiratory infections (SARI) caused by a human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) are a leading cause of hospitalisation among infants. We aimed to estimate the incidence of RSV SARI across neighbourhoods in the Lyon metropolitan area and to assess how urban environmental factors at the metropolitan scale are associated with spatial variation in incidence.MethodsLaboratory-confirmed cases of RSV SARI (< 2 years of age) were extracted from the university hospitals of Lyon laboratory database 2015–2023. We calculated and mapped the incidence to assess spatial variation. Remote sensing data were used to derive spectral indices characterising the metropolitan area and to model temperature and air humidity at this scale. Temporal and spatial regression models were fitted using variables selected based on prior knowledge and data availability.ResultsCumulative incidence varied significantly across neighbourhoods (0 to 1166 cases per 100,000 people at risk; p-value < 0.001). The best spatial multivariate model (r2 = 0.39, Akaike information criterion (AIC) = 6103), explained a substantial portion of this variation, and included neighbourhood median income that was negatively associated with incidence; and neighbourhood winter temperature as well as particulate matter < 10 µm pollution, both positively associated with incidence. Additionally, urban index (UI) and normalised difference moisture index (NDMI) demonstrated strong (p-value < 0.001) univariate associations (UI: r2 = 0.23, AIC = 6216; NDMI: r2 = 0.21, AIC = 6229), accounting for a significant portion of the incidence variation.ConclusionsSubstantial neighbourhood-level differences in RSV SARI incidence exist in a large European metropolis. These differences are associated with the urban environment such as particulate pollution. The use of spectral indices shows promise in identifying vulnerable populations within cities to guide public health measures and to integrate public health and urban planning
Guerre d’Italia
No full textDate de publication 2025 ; date de mise en ligne : 2026International audienceL'expression est utilisée communément, en Italie comme en France, pour désigner un moment historique qui commence avec l'arrivée en Italie du roi de France Charles VIII à l'automne 1494 et se poursuit jusqu'à la paix de Cateau Cambrésis en 1559. Les guerres qui se déroulent pendant cette période opposent les rois de France (Charles VIII, Louis XII, François I er et Henri II), qui revendiquent leurs droits sur le royaume de Naples puis sur le duché de Milan, aux Espagnols puis aux Habsbourg qui finissent par l'emporter définitivement et établissent leur domination sur le royaume de Naples et leur hégémonie sur le reste de l'Italie, à l'exception de Venise qui renonce cependant à jouer un rôle politique et militaire dans la péninsule. Les guerres d'Italie, au fil de leur déroulement, produisent un effet majeur sur la situation européenne : l'Italie va devenir le terrain d'affrontement entre la monarchie française et l'Espagne et les guerres qui se déroulent sont des éléments de leur lutte pour l'hégémonie en Europe. Dans notre perspective de réflexion sur les « catégories italiennes », nous pouvons d'emblée noter que les « guerres d'Italie » sont pensées par les auteurs-acteurs contemporains les plus perspicaces, au fil des événements, comme un moment historique spécifique qui délimite un avant et un après et qui oblige à penser à nouveaux frais la politique et la guerre, ce qui nous permet rétrospectivement de penser les « guerres d'Italie » comme ayant permis l'émergence d'une langue nouvelle de la politique et de la guerre. Nous allons donc mener de front et croiser un récit minimal de ces guerres et les interprétations historiques et politiques qui nous paraissent les plus marquantes, cela dans une approche diachronique : nous entendons ainsi reconstituer, par ce tressage des événements et des interprétations, la double crise ressentie par les contemporains, celle des bouleversements politiques et militaires et celle du sens à leur donner
Endogenous endophthalmitis complicating infective endocarditis: a multicenter case series
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction Endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) is a rarely reported complication of infective endocarditis (IE). In an international series, we sought to determine the clinical and microbiological profile, treatment and outcome of patients presenting with IE-related EE. Methods Cases of EE recorded from 2014 to 2023 in 9 centers in Europe and the United States were collected. Results were compared to a matched control group. Results Sixty-six patients with EE were reported, mean age 65.2± 14.9 years, 71% (n=47) male. Blood cultures were positive in 90% (60 cases) of patients, with a predominance of streptococci (46%, n=30). As compared with the control group (n=264), the EE group presented with more frequent diabetes (34vs 20%, p=0.02), history of cirrhosis (9 vs 3%, p=0.04), glomerulonephritis (15 vs 0.3%, p<0.001), embolism before admission (92 vs 55%, p<0.001), and Janeway lesions (9 vs 1%, p=0.002). Streptococcal infection (46 vs 26%, p= 0.003) was more frequent and enterococcal infection (0 vs 18%, p< 0.001) less frequent in the EE group. The main ocular symptoms were a decrease in visual acuity (96%), red eye (55%) and ocular pain (55%). Treatment of EE consisted of intravitreal antibiotic injection in 55 (83%) patients and vitrectomy in 17 (26%). Improvement of visual acuity was observed in 36 (55%) patients but 43 (65%) still experienced severe impairment at one-year with 20 (30%) patients classified as legally blind. Conclusion EE is a serious complication of IE with severe residual vision impairment. Patients with IE should be evaluated for ocular complications, since early detection of EE is crucial to prevent delays in management and to preserve visual function.Severe endogenous endophthalmitis Endophthalmitis versus control grou
Poétique et politique du corps évanescent dans "Dan Yack" de Blaise Cendrars
No full textInternational audienceConférence donnée dans le cadre du TP Récit "Blaise Cendrars, Dan Yack", donné par Émilien Sermier (Section de français)
Marie-Paule Berranger et Christine Le Quellec Cottier (dir.), "Constellation Cendrars", Classiques Garnier, Paris, n° 8
No full textInternational audienceRecension du huitième numéro de la revue "Constellation Cendrars"