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Complete Aphantasics Process Emotions Differently, But No Less Efficiently: Evidence of a Non-linear Relationship Between Visual Imagery and Alexithymia
No full textSeveral studies have suggested a link between aphantasia (the absence or reduction of visual mental imagery) and alexithymia (the difficulty in identifying and describing one's feelings/emotions, associated with an externally oriented thinking style). However, results and interpretations differ from one study to another, and no consensus emerges from the current literature. To progress on this issue, we sought 1) to gather a large amount of data on aphantasia and alexithymia in the same participants from the most commonly used questionnaires, 2) to group participants into four categories of visual imagery ability as proposed by recent literature on aphantasia (no visual imagery, weak, typical, and excellent visual imagery), and 3) to use non-linear data analysis methods. We combined previously published (N = 1130) and new unpublished data (N = 348) from studies in which participants completed the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire - VVIQ (the higher the score the better the visual imagery ability) and the twenty-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale - TAS-20 (the higher the score the worse the emotional abilities). The total sample comprised 147 aphantasics (no imagery, VVIQ = 16), 141 hypophantasics (weak imagery, 16 < VVIQ < 33), 1115 typical imagers (32 < VVIQ < 75) and 75 hyperphantasics (high imagery, VVIQ > 74). Results showed that among participants able to do visual imagery (from hypo- to hyperphantasia), a negative linear relationship existed between mental imagery and alexithymia, i.e., the higher the VVIQ score, the lower the TAS-20 score. This relation was present for all subscales, but was particularly pronounced for the two TAS-20 scales assessing difficulty in identifying and describing feelings. Importantly, participants with a total inability to produce visual mental images (complete aphantasia, VVIQ = 16) broke this linear relationship and exhibited better emotional abilities than hypophantasics, at a level similar of that of typical imagers. Overall these results support the hypothesis of Kvamme et al. (2026) and suggest that when visual imagery is unavailable, alternative psychophysiological processes develop to process emotions, which are as effective as visual imagery. Our results also suggest that these processes do not develop when imagery is possible, even to a very limited extent, which further argue for fundamental differences between aphantasics and hypophantasics
Patellofemoral alignment safe zones in robotic‐assisted TKA do not affect outcomes but do influence patellar resurfacing rates
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Purpose Anterior compartment management remains a challenging aspect of total knee arthroplasty (TKA), particularly in personalised alignment strategies. This study aimed to assess whether restoring patellofemoral alignment parameters within predefined safe zones—specifically patellar tilt (PTi), patellar translation (PTr) and patellar offset (PO)—is associated with improved clinical outcomes following robotic‐assisted TKA (rTKA). Methods This retrospective study included 283 patients who underwent primary rTKA between March 2021 and January 2023 using functional alignment (FA) or functional knee positioning (FKP) principles. All surgeries were performed using a CT‐based robotic system (Mako, Stryker). Patients were stratified into groups based on radiographic values of PTi, PTr and ΔPO, using thresholds derived from prior robotic studies to define safe zones. Clinical outcomes at a mean follow‐up of 2.8 ± 0.8 years included Knee Society Score (KSS), Forgotten Joint Score‐12 (FJS‐12) and Kujala Anterior Knee Pain Scale (AKPS). Results There were no statistically significant differences in final KSS, FJS‐12 or AKPS between groups within or outside the safe zones for PTi, PTr or ΔPO. However, patients with PTi < 0°, ΔPO > 0 mm (overstuffing) or PTr within ±2 mm showed significantly higher rates of patellar resurfacing ( p < 0.001). No group demonstrated superior clinical outcomes across the three parameters studied. Conclusion Restoring patellofemoral alignment parameters within predefined safe zones was not associated with improved short‐term clinical outcomes in rTKA. Robotic‐assisted FA provides accurate restoration of the anterior compartment, reducing reliance on patellar resurfacing in eligible patients. Our data suggest that target biomechanical parameters can potentially be achieved without resurfacing in cases where it is not indicated. Our hypothesis that patients within the proposed safe zones would demonstrate improved clinical outcomes was not supported by the current results. Further prospective studies are needed to determine whether femoral safe zones can predict long‐term benefit. Level of Evidence Level II
Sailing with Holger Thesleff in the open sea of the post-classical Pythagorica (1961–2024)
No full textInternational audienc
Sociologie de Saint-Étienne
No full textInternational audience"Tour à tour présentée comme une ville industrielle, une ville ouvrière, une " ville de foot " et, plus récemment, une ville en déclin, Saint-Étienne apparaît comme l'une des grandes perdantes des transformations de la société française. Ce constat n'a pas été démenti ces dernières années. Les problèmes économiques et sociaux ont même été redoublés par la crise sans précédent de la vie politique locale. Empêtrées dans les " affaires ", les élites politiques municipales ont poursuivi des stratégies inefficaces, aux effets inégalitaires, qui mêlent un soutien à l'attractivité d'espaces " vitrines " et la négligence des services essentiels à une vie digne pour tous.À l'heure où l'extrême droite prospère sur le discours des " fractures territoriales ", cet ouvrage aborde une réalité souvent occultée : celle des villes dont la situation échappe à la fois aux récits de la métropolisation vertueuse et à ceux qui la diabolisent. Il donne à voir une société urbaine plus contrastée que ne le suggèrent les discours misérabilistes sur la ville ou, au contraire, ceux qui célèbrent la " capitale du design ". Une société qui porte en elle des ressources dont certains habitants et collectifs se saisissent pour s'émanciper des logiques de compétition et de marchandisation.
Validation of Visual Analogue Scales to Assess Occupational Stress Compared to the Karasek Questionnaire: A Cross Sectional Study
No full textInternational audienceBACKGROUND: The Job Demand-Control-Support (JDCS) model is one of the most important tools for assessing work-related stress. However, its complexity highlights the need for simpler instruments, such as the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), for rapid assessment in occupational medicine.OBJECTIVES: To validate three VAS corresponding to the main JDCS dimensions: job demand, job control, and social support. METHOD: We conducted an observational cross-sectional validation study using a self-administered questionnaire completed twice, a week apart, at the participants' convenience, to perform test-retest.RESULTS: We analysed 155 participants (60 for test and retest), mostly women around 40 years. Acceptability was excellent, with high response rates. Internal consistency analysis revealed moderate correlations between VAS and JDCS model main dimensions. Reliability assessed by Lin's concordance correlation coefficient was acceptable for the VAS and higher for the JDCS. Mean VAS scores indicated significant differences between low and high demand, control, and social support, with cut-off values of 58, 71.5 and 63.5 respectively. For external validity, we mainly found high agreement between VAS and JDCS. CONCLUSIONS: VAS are valid, quick, easy to use, and reliable tools for the assessment of job demand, job control and social support in daily clinical practice for primary prevention and diagnosis. Based on our findings, easier-to-remember cut-offs could be proposed at 60, 70, and 60 for VAS job demand, VAS job control, and VAS social support, respectively. However, when results are over the determined cut-off, we encourage the use of JDCS questionnaire. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05871411
No dislocation rate gap between single and two-stage revisions with a cementless Dual Mobility Cup
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : A major complication of hip arthroplasty is dislocation. In revision, the rate of dislocation is even higher, especially among patients with hip prosthetic joint infection treated with two-stage surgery. The utility of a dual-mobility cup (DMC) in revision was already demonstrated but with a relatively low level of confidence due to the lack of direct comparison with other surgical techniques. We hypothesized that the dislocation rate for patients undergoing cementless DMC total hip arthroplasty (THA) would be similar between single and two-stage revisions. Methods : We conducted a single-center, retrospective, and case-control study from January 2011 through December 2020. During this period, 220 patients underwent a revision of their total hip arthroplasty. Among these, 40 patients experienced THA two-stage revision. This group constituted the cases in this case-control study. Each of the 40 cases was matched with 2 controls, single-stage surgery, on age, sex, and Paprosky grade, and we defined the groups according to primary endpoint: dislocation rate. Results : There was no significant difference in dislocation rate between two-stage and single-stage revisions (7.5% vs 3.8%, p = 0.40). In univariate analysis, auto-inflammatory disease and immunosuppressive agent use were risk factors for dislocation. There was no significant difference in dislocation-free survival (log-rank test, p = 0.40) or re-revision (log-rank test, p = 0.92) between single-stage and two-stage revision THA. At the end of follow-up, the mortality rate did not differ between the two groups. No chronic instability was noted at the last follow-up (80.4 ± 38.5 months) in both groups. Conclusion : The dislocation rate was similar between single and two-stage revision THA using DMC. Further studies are warranted to highlight the potential benefits of DMC in preventing dislocation in two-stage revision THA
Decoding hypnotic consciousness: neural and experiential insights into induced and ideomotor suggestions
No full textInternational audienceHypnotic induction and ideomotor suggestions provide a powerful framework for investigating the remarkable capacity of verbal influence to reshape conscious experience, cognition, and motor control. We employed a multimodal, neurophenomenological approach combining high-density electroencephalography, cardiorespiratory and behavioral monitoring, as well as first-person reports across three conditions: a resting-state baseline, a hypnotic induction, and an ideomotor challenge involving either a suggested arm rigidity with attempted movement or a voluntary wakeful simulation used as a behavioral control condition. EEG analyses revealed that hypnosis induction-related changes unfolded gradually, beginning with parieto-occipital alpha suppression and increased theta activity, followed by enhanced frontoparietal theta connectivity and reduced parasympathetic cardiac modulation.These results confirm and extend prior findings, showing that hypnotic induction suggestions involve an active, high-arousal, top-down reorganization of large-scale brain networks. During ideomotor challenge, participants displayed distinct behavioral patterns, classified as tremblers and non-tremblers, despite reporting comparable disruptions in agency.Phenomenological reports clarified these differences: tremblers attempted movement despite experiencing the action as involuntary or constrained, while non-tremblers refrained from acting due to a felt impossibility or an inhibited motor command. EEG connectivity in tremblers specifically showed increased frontoparietal gamma and reduced delta connectivity, consistent with enhanced sensorimotor prediction error signaling under motor conflict, relative to voluntary simulation. Together, these findings demonstrate that hypnosis dynamically reconfigures neural connectivity and subjective experience depending on suggestion type. They further support predictive coding and dissociation-based accounts of agency disruption and underscore the value of neurophysiological and neurophenomenological methods for advancing consciousness science and informing clinical applications
Démolitions ordinaires dans l'Est lyonnais: Vaulx-en-Velin Sud, un espace vulnérable ?
No full textInternational audienceÀ rebours des travaux sur les grandes opérations de démolition-reconstruction, notamment faites dans le cadre de la rénovation urbaine et des grands projets, l'intervention se propose d'aborder la démolition sous sa modalité la plus discrète : celle du « grignotage » ordinaire du bâti ancien. Elle vise à visibiliser ce phénomène de démolition ordinaire qui, s'il a toujours plus ou moins existé, s'est accéléré ces vingt-cinq dernières années avec les injonctions à la sobriété foncière dans les grands agglomérations. L'intervention se fonde sur une recension cartographique des édifices disparus dans plusieurs communes de l'Est lyonnais et reviendra sur les aspects méthodologiques de la démarche. Enfin, elle abordera le cas d'un espace en proie à ce phénomène, le quartier de Vaulx-en-Velin Sud, voisin de la ZAC du Carré de Soie
