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Reflectance transformation imaging for characterizing bulk planar distribution of metal flakes in pigmented coating systems
No full textInternational audienceAbstract The metal flakes’ (MFs) bulk planar distribution (BPD) quality is a key dimension in predicting the appearance of Metal flake-pigmented coatings (MF-PCs). This distribution influences their meso-appearance (mottling) and micro-appearance (visual texture). To address this, the study utilized a dome-based reflectance transformation imaging (DB-RTI) system to capture the intensity (monochromatic) multi-light image collections (I-MLICs) of MF-PC. These images were then processed to identify the positions of metal flakes based on their local angular reflections (LARn). The resultant stochastic point patterns (SPPs) were then analyzed using a stationary Poisson process (PP) as the null hypothesis, which characterizes their BPD quality regarding clustering, randomness, or regularity on a short-range scale. The proposed methodology effectively characterizes the BPD of metal flakes in MF-PCs, accounting for their type, size, count, and even variations in basecoat color. Some existing limitations of the RTI method in its current application, as well as some sources of error in the proposed algorithm, were also addressed
Lutter contre divers champignons pathogènes du feuillage au moyen d’un produit de biocontrôle
No full textThe aim of the action is to use a biocontrol product to combat powdery mildew or gray mold on various crops, particularly vines. These biocontrol products can cover a range of modes of actionL’action vise à l’utilisation d’un produit de biocontrôle afin de lutter contre l’oïdium ou la pourriture grise sur diverses cultures et notamment la vigne. Ces produits de biocontrôle peuvent couvrir une gamme de modes d’action
Microbial transfers in dairy systems under changing climate and farming practices
No full textInternational audienceContext. Evolving agricultural practices aimed at mitigating the effects of climate change raise questions about their impact on the microbial characteristics of the food matrix, which is particularly relevant for raw milk cheese production. To address these issues, we explored microbial transfers across cheese production from farm environments to raw milk cheese and rat microbiota consuming these cheeses in four farming systems with varying grazing proportions in cow diet for 3 months.Results. 736 samples were collected in 12 ecosystems (air, soil, grass, cow rumen and feces, teats, bedding material, milk, milk filter, cheese curd and rind, and rat feces) and at three sampling dates (only one for cheeses and rats). The bacterial and fungal communities were characterized by 16S V3-V4 and ITS sequencing and data were processed with rAnomaly package [1] (dada2 [2], taxonomic assignation 16S: SILVA database and DairyDB, ITS: UNITE and UTOPIA). Conclusion.The twelve ecosystems were highly heterogeneous in terms of community composition, diversity and regarding the four farming systems. We identified shared ASVs across the farm to fork agri-food chain, and determined diversity hotspots and bottlenecks impacting downstream microbiota, such as bedding material or cow rumens. These microbial transfers differed between the four farming systems and evolved in time.</div
Are Maximal Power and Maximal Aerobic Capacity in Older and Very Old Adults Dependent on their Level of Physical Activity?
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Age-related declines in maximal power (Pmax) and maximal aerobic power (VO2max) impact functional capacities. Physical activity (PA) can mitigate their decline. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of age and habitual PA level on Pmax and VO2max. Thirty-nine young men (YM, 22.1 ± 3.4 years), 34 old men (OM, 71.7 ± 4.1 years), and 23 very old men (VOM, 85.8 ± 2.7 years) performed an incremental test to determine VO2max and a force–velocity profile to assess Pmax, maximal force (F0) and maximal velocity (V0). The threshold of 10 000 steps per day (SPD) was used to dichotomize participants into high-PA and low-PA groups. Compared with YM, Pmax decreased by 40% and 64% in OM and VOM, respectively, whereas VO2max decreased by 29% and 51% (all p < .001). Compared with YM, F0 declined by 29% and 52% in OM and VOM, respectively, whereas V0 decreased by 17% and 28% (all p < .01). VO2max, but not Pmax, was greater in high-PA versus low-PA. In VOM, SPD was related to VO2max (r = 0.79; p < .001) and F0 (r = 0.51; p < .05), and VO2max was positively correlated with F0 (r = 0.72; p < .01). The decline in Pmax, mainly mediated by the loss of force, was greater than the decrease in VO2max. Whereas PA was associated with higher level of VO2max, it does not appear to have an effect on Pmax. The relationships between SPD, VO2max and F0 suggest that above 80 years, a greater strength allows to achieve a greater amount of SPD, ultimately improving VO2max
Justificar con el golpe: 23F y Monarquía, 40 años después en la prensa
No full textInternational audienc
Designing an ecofriendly catalyst for a sustainable use of water resources
No full textInternational audienceThe printing and dyeing industry is one of the most polluting ( ∼20% of global clean water pollution), water-consuming and energy-wasting sectors in the manufacturing field, highlighting the need to find green catalysts to improve its sustainability. Herein, a novel artificial green catalyst was developed, known as a bifunctional chimeric peptide DNAzyme (bi-CPDzyme), comprising peptide, DNA and hemin moieties. This catalyst displays both catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (POD) activities. The turnover number ( k cat ) of the optimized bi-CPDzyme prototype (G-quadruplex-Hemin-HRRHKHRRH) surpasses the natural CAT/POD bifunctional enzyme KatG, and competes with individual CAT and POD enzymes. This remarkable performance is attributed to the strategic combination and incorporation of histidine (H) and arginine (R) residues, which effectively trap hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) near the catalytic center via hydrogen bond formation, thus facilitating the generation of the active intermediate compound I, as supported here by theoretical calculations. Significantly, bi-CPDzyme achieves efficient decomposition of bleaching-derived residual H 2 O 2 in a water-/energy-saving manner, while degrading dyes from textile industry effluents even in complex real samples, in addition to being easily recyclable and implementable. These findings make bi-CPDzyme a cutting-edge and environmentally friendly catalyst, positioning it at the forefront of advancements towards creating a sustainable society
Efficient and adaptive design of RBF neural network for maximum energy harvesting from standalone PV system
No full textInternational audienc
La décentralisation, la République et la doctrine du socialisme municipal
No full textInternational audienc
Faire barrage aux plantes invasives en milieu agricole. Illustration avec Datura stramonium L., espèce adventice invasive et toxique
No full textInternational audienceThis review presents the economic, environmental and public health consequences resulting from the difficult-to-control presence and expansion of invasive plants in agricultural environments. The case of Datura stramonium L. (common names: thornapple or jimsonweed) is examined in detail, presenting research avenues in biocontrol of this species. Various mechanical and chemical control methods have already been implemented to manage invasive plants, but some have questionable side effects. Biocontrol therefore appears to be an alternative worth exploring because few solutions in this area are currently available and none are specifically adapted to invasive species in France.Cette revue de littérature fait état des conséquences économiques, environnementales et de santé publique causées par la présence et l’expansion difficilement contrôlables de plantes invasives en milieu agricole. Le cas du datura officinal ou datura stramoine ( Datura stramonium L.) est détaillé en présentant les pistes de recherche en biocontrôle de cette espèce. Diverses méthodes de lutte, mécaniques ou chimiques, ont d’ores et déjà été mises en œuvre pour lutter contre les plantes invasives, avec pour certaines des effets secondaires discutables. Dès lors, le biocontrôle apparaît comme une alternative complémentaire à explorer car peu de solutions dans ce domaine sont actuellement disponibles et aucune n’est spécifiquement adaptée à des espèces invasives en France
450 millions d’années d’entraide entre plantes et champignons
No full textSéminaire embarquement vers le cap, groupe I-CAIR (membres du COMEX et du comité RSE)National audienc