Research & Innovation Initiative Journals
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Factors Affecting Job Satisfaction in the Tourism Sector of Bangladesh
No full textPurpose: The tourism sector is a very potential sector for Bangladesh in terms of growth and employment. Analyzing the literature, it can be observed that most of the researchers studied the tourist market and the degree of satisfaction of tourists. But job satisfaction as a human resource management concept, in the tourism sector has not been sufficiently investigated. Job satisfaction is particularly important in tourism sector as it is service oriented and people intensive. This study identified the antecedents of job satisfaction in tourism sector and their relative importance to the employees.
Methods: The study is quantitative in nature. A number of hypotheses were tested for relationships between job satisfaction and related facets like payment and benefits, advancement and growth, the work itself, leadership, communication, performance feedback and recognition, rewards, colleagues, and employee stress. Data were collected through a survey method and structured questionnaire from employees of different tourism-related businesses. With 81.8% response rate, a total of 409 error-free response sheets containing a total of 38 independent variables were considered for the analysis through Smart PLS 3.01 software. The hypotheses were tested by following the path coefficients of the factors where job satisfaction was the dependent variable. The model of the satisfaction of employees for Bangladesh was established by using the coefficients of relationship with all nine facets and job satisfaction.
Results: The standardized regression weights are shown with the nine factors Payment and Benefit (PB), Advancement and Growth (AG), Work Itself (WI), Work Itself (WI), Leadership (LE), Communication (COM), Performance feedback and Recognition (PFR), Rewards (RE), Colleague (COL) and Stress (STR). It was found that five factors (PB, AG, WI, LE, COM) are relatively more significantly responsible for job satisfaction or dissatisfaction, than other four factors (PFR, RE, COL, STR). It also found that the managerial and non-managerial employees show considerable differences in their job satisfaction across the organizations.
Implications: The results found in the study may act as a basis for future research in the HR issues of the tourism sector. The owners and managers of tourism companies should appreciate the necessity of employees being satisfied, because this will lead to greater commitment, loyalty, and quality service to the customers.
Originality: Due to the dominance of other factors like machines, materials, and other technologies, there is weak evidence in some cases whether there is always a positive and strong relationship between job satisfaction and firm performance. But in a human intensive service industry like tourism, job satisfaction of employees who are directly responsible for consumer experience, is bound to be a dominant factor. This paper is expected to be cited in that particular idea or context. 
The Audit Quality and Audit Delay: Evidence from Indonesia
Get PDFPurpose: This study specifically aims to identify the impact of Audit Quality on Audit Delay. Audit Quality is measured by the proxy log natural fee audit (LNFE).
Methods: This is a causal research with quantitative analysis. This study involves six companies listed in the sub-sectors of Cable under the manufacturing sector in the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2013-2019. It applied panel data set in a regression model using STATA MP - Parallel Edition Ver14.00 application.
Results: The findings show that the Audit quality has a significant negative impact on the Audit Delay with an average delay of 83.62 days.
Implications: This study could be extended further by considering all manufacturing firms of IDX which may provide more insight into the audit quality with other proxies
Factors Affecting Firm’s Annual Turnover in Selected Manufacturing Industries of India: An Empirical Study
Get PDFPurpose: This study makes a comparison of the manufacturing sector and its determinants for India and selected Asian countries. It examines the factors affecting the annual turnover of randomly selected 154 firms in seven different industries of the Indian manufacturing sector.
Methods: In this study, the firm’s annual turnover is used as a dependent variable. Labor productivity, age, investment on plant & machinery, annual expenditure on marketing, total employees, production technology up-gradation, shortage of skilled workers, skills to improve the process, use of hi-tech tool and technique in production activities, technology transfer abilities, in-house R&D expertise, quality certification, foreign collaboration, waste management capabilities and building capacity of firms are used as independent variables. Regression coefficients of explanatory variables are assessed using linear, log-linear, and non-linear regression models.
Results: The study concluded that the firm\u27s annual turnover has a significant association with technological development related variables, labor productivity, age, technology transfer abilities, in-house R&D expertise, quality certification, and waste management practices of firms.
Implications: It suggests that Indian policymakers need to adopt a strong IPRs, education, and S&T policy in research institutions. India needs to increase R&D expenditure and researchers in research institutions. Research institutions should collaborate with the existing industries to discover more technologies and innovations for the manufacturing sector. All research organizations must set up technology transfer offices to increase technology transfer and commercialization. Furthermore, India needs to set up hi-tech firms to face global challenges.
Originality: It uses primary data of 154 firms which are collected from seven different industries across Indian states. Thus, the study substantially contributes to the existing literature.
Limitations: This study considers seven different industries that have high diversity in socio-economic, science & technological and IPRs related activities, technology transfer, commercialization of technology, and association with research institutions. Therefore, this study cannot provide policy suggestions for a specific industry.
 
Economic Justice and Judicial Structure : Realizing Economic Growth in Nigeria
Get PDFEconomic justice is the expression of the effective distribution of economic goods. This could be realized through judicial mechanisms. Effective judicial systems are the platform on which economic justice can be actualized. There is a positive connection between economic justice and an effective judicial system, and this is usually measured by the rule of law and the level of its regard. The paper argued that one of the established dysfunctional characteristics of developing nations is the failure of their judicial system to deliver economic justice and the inability of the state to coordinate the integrity of its institutions. This paper employed a qualitative approach in its exploration of the issues. It engaged content analysis in the processing of the arguments it advanced. The paper argued that the resolution of economic justice and other institutional considerations could help in economic growth, especially in Nigeria. The paper concluded by suggesting that judicial structure must be strengthened in order to derive the capacity needed to realize economic justice in Nigeria
Citizen Engagement Challenges in Urban Disaster Management Programs with Special Reference to Fire, Waterlogging and Pandemics : Case of Bangladesh
Get PDFThe main objective of this study is to explore the challenges of engaging citizens in urban disaster management (UDM) in the urban fire, waterlogging, and pandemic like COVID 19. A qualitative research approach, mainly in-depth interview method was applied to gain insights from different government officials of civil defense, police force, and ward councilors of Dhaka and Chattogram City Corporations, who were experienced in working at the field level UDM. The study tried to investigate the challenges faced by the officials during disaster rescue operations with special reference to the role of urban citizens. The findings of the study capture, in detail, the challenges faced by different personnel involved in UDM operations. While citizen engagement is expected to be a positive notion, in most cases, citizens themselves become the main obstacle of disaster management, due to their ignorance, negligence, and lack of patience in the given disastrous and pandemic situation, and thus, hinders UDM operations and crisis management. The lessons learned from contemporary urban disasters like fire and the COVID 19 pandemic are recorded elaborately. Based on that, different recommendations are made to ensure the active engagement of citizens to facilitate UDM activities in an orderly manner.  
Career Trajectories of the Female Faculties in the Private Universities of Bangladesh: A Phenomenological Study
Get PDFThe education sector is considered as one of the suitable areas that facilitate women to pursue a prestigious career. Recently, along with public universities, private universities are significantly contributing to higher education in Bangladesh. Female faculties are building their careers in private universities. In university-level education, a faculty member plays a significant role in bringing out the talent hidden among the students and grooms them up for a future career. This study aims to trace the satisfaction, possible barrier, and progression prospect of the female faculties working in the private universities in Bangladesh. This study adopts a phenomenological research design to portrait the life experiences of ten female faculties regarding the respondents\u27 attraction to the teaching as a career, satisfaction issues (self-satisfaction, enjoyment, contentment, etc.), barriers (challenges in managing family, discontentment, stress, etc.), and dream about their career progression. This study tries to uphold an extensive understanding of female faculties\u27 thirst for involvement, struggle for difficulties, and motivation for advancement. The study sketches the career trajectories of female faculties in private universities, and it provides insight to the concerned authority to improve the working condition for the female faculties by taking proper steps
Do the Coaches’ Crashes and Their Usage Exposure Come from the Same Distributions? : An Empirical Study Utilizing Wilcoxon and Kolmogorov-Smirnov Tests
Get PDFSince coaches’ crashes have serious impacts on society, many attributes are studied as contributing factors related to the crashes. The present research work focuses on the existing statistical similarity between distribution functions of coaches’ crashes and their usage exposure in the Iranian intercity road network. Traffic volume is considered as an important usage exposure for intercity buses/coaches over the intercity road network, so this study aims to check whether coaches\u27 traffic volume and the frequency of their crashes come from the same distribution functions. The two-sample distribution function test of Wilcoxon as well as the goodness of fit test called Kolmogorov-Smirnov have been utilized to check the statistical similarity between the distribution functions of coaches’ crashes and their usage exposure. Experimental data for coaches’ traffic volumes and their crashes have been collected for three years, and the above-mentioned methods have been performed using the proportion form of collected data due to the existing their different scales. After performing two methods of checking similarity, the results revealed there is no significant difference between the probability functions of traffic volumes, considered as usage exposure, and coaches’ crashes. It means that both attributes come from the same distribution functions. Traffic safety authorities and passenger transport operators who are dealing with traffic safety on the intercity public should be aware of the effects of traffic volumes on coaches\u27 crashes on designing the routes and schedule for passenger transportation
Assessment and Establishment of Honey Bee Flora Calendar to Increase Honey Production in Selected Areas of SNNPR State, Ethiopia
Get PDFPurpose: This study was conducted to identify and document major honeybee flora, its flowering period, and nectar and pollen potentials in three zones representing, three agro-ecologies in SNNP.
Methodology: Three districts in each zone were used for the study and a total of 120 beekeepers were purposively selected and interviewed to collect primary data.
Results: The results of flora inventory indicated that abundant plant identified and ranked by farmers as very good (56.36%), good (27.27%) and poor (16.37%) while bee floras in terms of honey quality were categorized as very good (48.18%) good (25.45%) and poor (26.36%.) In terms of its acceptance by honeybees, the flora was categorized as very good (45.4%), good (21.81%) and poor (32.73%). The result of pollen analysis indicated that the majority of the Shebedino and Dale woreda (district) was dominated by Vernonia, Eucalyptus, Guizotia, and Coffee Arabica species. On the other hand pollen samples collected from the honey of Wonago and Kochere woreda were dominated by Lipidium, coffee Arabica, Eucalyptus and Guizotia species. The study identified an abundance of different classes of plants in different agro-ecologies as Asteraceae in highland, Acanthaceae in midland and Mimosaceae families in the lowland. Honey plants flower throughout the year except in June, July, and January in midland, highland, and lowland respectively. However, the highest proportion of honey plants flowers from August to October, with a peak in August and September and March to May with a peak in March. Based on flowering periods, the major and minor honey flow periods for selected areas of SNNP were respectively noted to be from August to October and from March to May.
Implications: Based on the result of this study, it is concluded that beekeeping productivity is strictly dependent on the availability of floral resources of a particular area. It is therefore recommended that farmers get prepared in line with the flowering calendar, to conserve the identified bee plant species to boost honey production. An in-depth analysis of bee plants throughout the year, determination of total carrying capacity, propagation, wise use and conservation of floral vegetation deserve special attention for better integration of the sector with the honey flow and potential of flowering plants in the study area. The search for dry season-resistant major honey bee flora and the provision of practical training for farmers deserve special attention
The Economic Impact Assessment of the Novel Coronavirus on Tourism and Trade in Kenya: Lessons from Preceding Epidemics
No full textPurpose: This paper aims to assess the impact of contemporary Coronavirus Pandemic on tourism and trade with its potential implications on the Kenyan economy.
Method: The study considered the cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Ebola epidemics to provide an understanding of the possible impacts that the novel coronavirus pandemic could have on the economy.
Results: This study established that the demand and supply shocks of the pandemic will inevitably impact Kenya’s economy specifically, the tourism and trade sectors. The Kenyan government has imposed several measures in an attempt to combat the spread of the coronavirus and cushion the country against a possible economic downturn. The study established that the policies imposed have largely focused on demand shock management.
Implications: To effectively minimize the impacts of the pandemic shocks on the economy, it will be prudent for the Kenyan government to design policy responses with a blend of short term and long term orientations. The policies should be multifaceted and their design should involve stakeholders from all the relevant sectors
Panorama of Bangladeshi Culinary Tourism: Prospect and Challenges
No full textPurpose: The main purpose of this study is to explore the potentials of Bangladeshi Culinary Tourism (CT) and to identify its challenges.
Methods: It is a qualitative research based on primary data collected through interviewing different stakeholders of CT including academicians, experienced professionals in the hospitality industry, and government officials.
Results: According to the findings of the study CT has a great prospect in terms of entrepreneurship development and employment generation in Bangladesh. However, CT could be threatened due to the lack of skills and entrepreneurial initiatives.
Implications: Chefs with innovative skills and sound investment of the entrepreneurs can reveal the potential growth of CT in Bangladesh. Hence, human resource development interventions and time befitting culinary marketing initiatives may facilitate the faster growth of this potential wing of the hospitality and tourism sector.