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Formation of Lithuanian manufacturing industry clustering economic preconditions /
No full textThe main Lithuanian manufacturing industry clustering preconditions are related to productivity, innovation, and export development. In this research paper, it was found that the strength of cooperative relationships among cluster members, more favorable opportunities to access, and use of infrastructure of business and professional human resources are the major factors to form the preconditions chosen for developing a research model. Four hypotheses have been formulated, which aim to confirm or deny the formation of clustering economic preconditions for productivity, innovation, and export development. Along with the exploratory study, the arisen hypotheses verified that improvement of infrastructure of business and professional human resources and easier access to it for companies have a positive impact on export development. Two other factors – the strength of cooperative relationships and the infrastructure of human resources – are not significant. Cooperation and partnership processes remain undeveloped, as high-quality and full-value formation of the economic preconditions for productivity, innovation, and export development is not ensured properly
Long-term bowel dysfunction following low anterior resection /
No full textStudy aimed to assess long-term bowel function in patients who underwent low anterior resection for cancer five and more years ago. Patients who underwent low anterior resection for rectal cancer from 2010 to 2015 at National Cancer Institute were prospectively included in our study. They were interviewed using low anterior resection syndrome (LARS) score and Wexner questionnaire. We also assessed possible risk factors of postoperative bowel disorder. 150 patients were included in our study. Of them 125 (83.3%) were analysed. The median age at diagnosis was 62 years (40–79), and the average time of follow-up was 7.5 years (5–11). Overall, 58 (46.4%) patients had LARS, of them 33 (26.4%)—major LARS and 25 (20%)—minor LARS and 67 (53.6%) reported no LARS. Wexner score results were: normal in 43 (34.4%) patients, minor faecal incontinence—55 (44%), average faecal incontinence—18 (14.4%), complete faecal incontinence—9 (7.2%). 51 patients (40.8%) had tumour in the upper third rectum, 51 (40.8%)—in the middle and 23 (18.4%)—lower third. Preoperative (chemo)radiotherapy was the only significant risk factors for developing LARS in univariate analysis. Our study showed that only preoperative radiotherapy may be associated with more late problems in defecation after rectal cancer surgery. Trial registration: NCT03920202
Effect of parity on reproductive performance sows of different breeds /
No full textThe aim of this study was to determine the effect of parity on reproductive performance by sows of different breeds. The sows were raised on three farms, and had seven or more litters of not fewer than seven piglets. A total of 1511 litters from various parities of Lithuanian White (N =721), Large White (N = 162) and Landrace (N = 628) sows were contained in the data that were used in this study. Multiparous sows had larger litters than primiparous sows. Piglet survival rate declined from parity 7. An increase in litter size was observed until parity 5 in Large White and until parity 6 in improved Lithuanian White (P <0.05). In comparison with parity 1, Landrace sows up to parity 5 showed not only increased prolificacy, but also increased number and litter weight of piglets at 21 days old, and the number and litter weight of weaned piglets (P <0.01). The current findings indicate that sows of these breeds can be used effectively in breeding herds until parity 5 and parity 6
Стимульована інноваціями економіка спільного споживання в туристичному бізнесі.
No full textRelevance of research topic. Innovations penetration is increasing very fast because of technologies development, society attitude and economic benefit. It transforms traditional businesses to new models and forms. One of the recent trends is sharing economy. It grows very fast and is being introduced in more sectors. One of the biggest growths is in tourism sector. There are some challenges both for the society and science. Research problem: the discussions about the sharing economy, its benefits and threats, implications for the traditional economy are increasing in the literature [7; 17; 18; 20; 34]. However, the scope of sharing economy in each sector of the economy may be approached differently and different aspects may be emphasized. More and more researchers [2; 8] are also attempting to analyze the impact of sharing on the economy, but there is still a lack of common definitions, clear links between innovations and sharing economy in tourism business. Research aim: to identify the concept of sharing economy, it’s features as well as causes and outcomes in the context of tourism business. Method or methodology for conducting research. Scientific literature analysis method is used to achieve this aim. Results of work. Literature analysis revealed that sharing economy is based on C2C based business model where innovations enable the sharing underutilized assets. Sharing economy is accelerated by technological development and lower cost. New trends also impact and transform tourism sector. There are some advantages and disadvantages for the sector
Green approach and environmental human rights as a possibility for social work to contribute to a sustainable environment.
No full textThe article discusses two possible areas of intersection of environmental protection and social work: green social work and environmental human rights. Herewith, the article seeks to open this current topic of social work for further discussions and research. Analysis touches the origins of green social work and the challenges that social work profession faces while adapting to a world pursuing a sustainable development. It is argued that social work science and practice need a paradigm shift focusing on community development, collective responsibility, and coherence between social and environmental justice. Two principles of grounding environmental human rights are presented: one placing healthy environment into the foreground as a precondition for human rights protection and second switching those components around and viewing human rights as a tool to solve environmental problems. The article draws a conclusion that integration of environmental issues into the field of social work would provide the profession a yet underutilized macro-dimension and significantly expand the process of professionalization
Oikonyms and personal names as a source for determining new settlements in the northern part of the Klaipėda (Memel) region: the 16th to the 18th centuries.
No full textBetween the 16th and the 18th centuries, the area known from 1920 to 1939 as the Klaipėda region (Memel territory) experienced a variety of migration flows, which have been described by researchers on several occasions. When considering issues of migration, among other data, scholars from different fields often interpret personal and place names found in historical records. Based on the historical onomastics of the Klaipėda region, this article deals with the oikonyms and personal names derived from etymons bearing the meaning ‘new settler’. It examines their distribution, evolution, etymology, and motives behind picking these onymons. The author draws on research methods of historical onomastics, along with an analysis of historical sources and genealogical information. In addition to suggesting mutual links between onyms (personal names and oikonyms) of Baltic origin, the author puts forward hypotheses about the directions of population migration in the northern area of what was then the Memel eldership (Hauptamt Memel). The paper aims to offer linguistic insights into possible migration trends in the Klaipėda region in the 16th to the 18th centuries, which could later be verified by historical research
Emerald Growth: a new framework concept for managing ecological quality and ecosystem services of transitional waters /
No full textThe aim of the present paper is to propose and elaborate on the concept of Emerald Growth as a new framework concept for managing ecological quality and ecosystem services of transitional waters. The research approach combines the longstanding experience of the authors of this article in the investigation of transitional waters of Europe with an analysis of relevant European Union directives and a comparative case study of two European coastal lagoons. The concept includes and reassesses traditional knowledge of the environment of lagoons and estuaries as an engine for sustainable development, but also proposes locally tailored approaches for the renewal of these unique areas. The investigation results show that the Emerald Growth concept enables to extricate better specific management aspects of ecosystem services of transitional waters that fill-in the continuum between the terrestrial (Green Growth) and the maritime areas (Blue Growth). It results from adjusting of both Green Growth and Blue Growth concepts, drivers, indicators and planning approaches regarding durable ways of revitalising coastal communities and their prospects for sustainable development. We conclude that the Emerald Growth concept offers a suitable framework for better dealing with complex and complicated issues pertinent to the sustainable management of transitional waters
Training of multiciltural teacher for the educational work with childrenmigrants in USA.
No full textThis article is devoted to the problem of teachers’ training in USA in the context of multicultural education. This country differs from average multicultural countries in a range of peculiarities, one of which is the fact that cultural interaction was not within an individual ethnos, but within immigrants – descendants of different countries, representatives of various cultures. On the territory of the country there live national minorities and as a result of constant mass immigration new ethno-cultural groups are formed. It is recognized that problem of immigrants is really urgent in USA. The most modern response to the cultural diversity at the end of the 20th century in the USA became the policy of multiculturalism and multicultural education. The aim of the study is to reveal the peculiarities of multicultural teachers’ training for education of children-migrants in USA. Theoretical research methods have been used: analysis of scientifi c sources for the: systematisation and generalisation of available data; defi ning of the essence of basic concepts; identifi cation of the current state of the problem under consideration and possibilities for its solution. Multiculturalism is considered to be a democratic policy of solving the problem of cultural and social diversity in the society, which includes educational, linguistic, economic and social components and has specifi c mechanisms of embodiment. Educational component is represented by multicultural education. Multicultural education in the USA has a status of the state educational policy and it is set forth at the legislative level. Multicultural education is usually interpreted as that one, which facilitates the formation in a person of the readiness for activities in a modern socio-cultural environment, preservation of personal identity, aspiration for respect and understanding of other cultural communities, the ability to live in peace and harmony with representatives of various racial, ethnic, cultural, religious groups. Multicultural education provides the formation of intercultural competence and ability to intercultural communication. Multicultural education is an important part of teachers’ training in USA. Only multicultural teacher is able to work successfully with children-migrants. The goals, objectives and principles of the multicultural education have been defi ned in the light of the training of specialists in the educational institutions of the United States. It is emphasized that the main tasks of multicultural education are the formation and development of specialists’ understanding of the diversity of cultures in the world, the development of a positive attitude to cultural differences, the ability to use foreign languages as an instrument of integration into the culture of other people. The possibilities of using positive American scientifi c and practical experience in training specialists in the spirit of multiculturalism have been outlined
Study of synthesis of hydroxyapatite using phosphogypsum waste.
No full textThe production of phosphoric acid generates phosphorus gypsum waste. It is imposible to avoid this by-product therefore, there is a constant search for ways to use phosphogypsum. A new area of application for phosphogypsum is the synthesis of hydroxyapatite from phosphogypsum waste (Pewkeaw et al., 2018). Technically pure hydroxyapatite can be used in medicine. Currently a lot of studies are examining the adsorption properties of hydroxyapatite. Hydroxyapatite can be used in the production of wastewater treatment filters because of its high adsorption of fluorine, metals and paint residues. Other applications of phosphogypsum are analyzed, however this synthesis is similar, because by-product is utilized to produce material that can be used for waste water treatment. In this experiment, hydroxyapatite was synthesized by changing the synthesis conditions, and 8 samples were synthesized to select the optimal synthesis conditions. After synthesis the physical properties (moisture content, pH of the samples after synthesis) and chemical composition of the samples were evaluated. The most important indicator of the quality of hydroxyapatite is the ratio of calcium to phosphorus. This ratio should be the same as in human bone – 1,677 (7). The highest Ca/P ratio (1.68) was found for the sample obtained during the synthesis for 4 h without stirring at a pressure of 0.1 bar in a closed system. The content of heavy metals in the samples synthesized during the test does not exceed the norm of the hydroxyapatite quality standard
Etiško vadovavimo vertinimas transakciniame, transformaciniame ir tarnaujančiajame vadovavimo stiliuose.
No full textThere are no references in the scientific literature to the expression of ethical leadership in different leadership styles, their interrelationship. Implemented the aim of the dissertation - theoretically distinguish the criteria of ethical leadership and transactional, transformational and servant leadership styles, to evaluate the expression of ethical leadership in different leadership styles, making use of the assessment tool we have developed. A theoretical model of assessment of ethical leadership has been developed on the basis of scientific literature in which the researchers present the evaluation of ethical leadership criteria (justice, values, reliability, broad approach and motivation) in comparison with the selected leadership style criteria (decision making and providing task methods, responsibility-sharing, attitude towards initiative and towards one's knowledge, communication with the employees, character of relationships with the employees in their development, attitude towards discipline, values, providing a vision). An evaluation methodology has been developed. The conducted qualitative research (interviews and focus group) allows us to conclude that the leaders of all organizations combined the styles of the servant and the transformational leaderships. Their employees make similar statements, only indicating that their managers combine the transformational and the servant leadership styles. The thesis defence statement that the features of ethical leadership became more significant in the application of the servant leadership style was partially confirmed. A quantitative study shows that ethical leadership is statistically more significantly expressed in a combination of the servant and the transformational leadership styles. It allowed us to confirm the hypothesis that if managers are characterised by ethical leadership, they lead using the servant leadership style