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The intensity of physical activity during physical education lessons of 5th-6th grade pupils /
No full textObjectives. The aim of this study was to determine the intensity of physical activity during PE lessons of 5th - 6th grade pupils. Methods. The study subjects consisted of 58 fifth – sixth grade pupils between the ages of 11 and 13, from four Klaipeda city general education schools (Lithuania), selected by convenience sampling. The study included 27 fifth-graders (55% girls) and 31 sixth-graders (45% girls). The study involved the monitoring of heart rates (HR) during PE lessons by Polar M400 heart rate monitors. HR was measured for 3 lessons in each class, for a total of 12 lessons. Results. 5th grade pupils spent most of their time in all PE lessons in targeted medium to high intensity zones, but there were also PE lessons where pupils did not reach the required zones or were above the required zone. The pupils’ mean heart rate of all PE lessons was 148 ± 9.95 bpm, and the maximum heart rate was 184.04 ± 6.13 bpm. The biggest part of 6th grade pupils’ PE lessons physical activity intensity was within the recommended levels in medium-high intensity zones. In all PE lessons, the average heart rate of the pupils was 147.28 ± 9.65 bpm, and the maximum heart rate was 182.16 ± 8.38 bpm. Conclusion. The intensity of PE lessons met the recommendations - more than 50 % of physical activity during lessons was of medium to high intensity. Our study revealed that the change in pupils’ heart rate during a PE lesson was influenced by both factors – the type of activity and the lesson task. Depending on gender, girls had higher values regarding the percentage of lesson time in MVPA than boys
Distance learning in higher education during COVID-19: The role of basic psychological needs and intrinsic motivation for persistence and procrastination–a multi-country study /
No full textDue to the COVID-19 pandemic, higher educational institutions worldwide switched to emergency distance learning in early 2020. The less structured environment of distance learning forced students to regulate their learning and motivation more independently. According to self-determination theory (SDT), satisfaction of the three basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and social relatedness affects intrinsic motivation, which in turn relates to more active or passive learning behavior. As the social context plays a major role for basic need satisfaction, distance learning may impair basic need satisfaction and thus intrinsic motivation and learning behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between basic need satisfaction and procrastination and persistence in the context of emergency distance learning during the COVID-19 pandemic in a cross-sectional study. We also investigated the mediating role of intrinsic motivation in this relationship. Furthermore, to test the universal importance of SDT for intrinsic motivation and learning behavior under these circumstances in different countries, we collected data in Europe, Asia and North America. A total of N = 15,462 participants from Albania, Austria, China, Croatia, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Iceland, Japan, Kosovo, Lithuania, Poland, Malta, North Macedonia, Romania, Sweden, and the US answered questions regarding perceived competence, autonomy, social relatedness, intrinsic motivation, procrastination, persistence, and sociodemographic background. Our results support SDT's claim of universality regarding the relation between basic psychological need fulfilment, intrinsic motivation, procrastination, and persistence. However, whereas perceived competence had the highest direct effect on procrastination and persistence, social relatedness was mainly influential via intrinsic motivation
Quality of life and awareness of intestinal stoma among ostomy patients.
No full textPatients after intestinal stoma surgery still lack information about changes in vital activities, and too little attention is paid to personal integration, social life, and psychological rehabilitation. Lack of information causes patients not only physical but also psychological trauma, thus affecting their quality of life. There are enough studies that look at the quality of life, but insufficient research has been done on the links between quality of life and awareness in stoma patients. Research aim - to determine the quality of life of stoma patients and their awareness about intestinal stoma. Research methodology. A quantitative study was conducted using two questionnaires - the first questionnaire of Prieto L., Thorsen H. & Juul K. (2005) (“Development and validation of a Quality of Life Questionnaire for patients with colostomy or ileostomy”) and the second questionnaire of Kiseliova N. (2009) ), which was used in the master's thesis “The role of the nurse in preparing patients for a stoma formation”. The questionnaires were modified with the permission of the authors to reveal the links between quality of life and awareness. The research involved 138 respondents, aged 29-89. After receiving the results, statistical and descriptive data analysis was performed (SPSS 22.0). Research results. The quality of life of most patients is mediocre. Factors improving the quality of life: higher education, younger age, having a permanent stoma, post-operative training. Factors aggravating the quality of life: lack of pre- and post-operative information, patient exclusion from optimal location selection, overweight / obesity, stoma formation due to non-neoplastic visceral disease, not knowing how long it will take to live with a stoma. The information received from various areas by patients in the hospital improves quality of life. Conclusion. Awareness is directly related to the stoma patients quality of life. Most patients did not have sufficient information on stoma care at home and dietary specifics. Patients, who received information about the stoma and the peculiarities of its care after surgery, as well as received psychological help, rated their quality of life as mediocre
The experience of young adults in heading toward the “new normal”: “I can imagine myself getting old with a mask on my face” /
No full textThe COVID-19 pandemic is recognized as one of the most dramatic global health, social, and economic crises of the last decades, and maybe the whole century. Therefore, it is obvious that there is a need to examine the constructs of new thinking, new ways of life, and new behavior, which will help people not only to overcome the pandemic but also to build a future after it. The words isolation, quarantine, social distancing, lockdown, masks, antibodies, and zoom meeting quickly became the keywords of the COVID-19 pandemic. In this article, which is based on an analysis of the scientific literature and interviews, we ask whether new behavioral patterns such as social distancing, mask-wearing, online communication, and others might become the “new normal”. However, what might be perceived as the “new normal” to some, may seem like social absurdity to others. Thus, with an open-minded approach, we analyze the “new normal” as a complex, controversial, and evolving concept
Collaboration perspectives developing sustainable agriculture: the case of Lithuanian farmers /
No full textSustainable agriculture and active collaboration between farmers are important concepts that have a significant impact on the development of sustainable agriculture, in striving for social and economic development, as well as supporting the reduction of impact to environment. Based on a systematic and comparative analysis, this study highlights the role of collaboration towards developing sustainable agriculture. The overall results imply that more active farmers collaboration requires more active sharing of experience, knowledge and information through meetings or seminars by creating an information portal or platform. These measures could lead to more qualitative communication, more open information sharing, mutual trust and risk reduction, which would ensure the development of sustainable agriculture
Lamprey fisheries: history, trends and management /
No full textThree anadromous lamprey species support important commercial fisheries in the northern hemisphere, sea lamprey in the Iberian Peninsula and France, European river lamprey in the Baltic Sea countries and Russia, and Arctic lamprey in Russia. Pacific lamprey, Caspian lamprey, Korean lamprey and pouched lamprey are harvested for subsistence and local commerce on the Pacific coast of North America, and in Russia, China and Oceania, respectively. Habitat loss caused by human activities in rivers have reduced lamprey populations and collapsed most commercial fisheries worldwide. Overfishing is a concern because traditional fishing gears (e.g., pots, fyke nets) target lampreys during their upstream migration, usually in physical bottlenecks, which can result in exceedingly high fishing mortality. The reduction in catches has inflated lamprey prices and encouraged illegal fishing in certain countries (e.g., Portugal, Russia). The success of management actions for lamprey fisheries could be at risk due to knowledge gaps that still exist regarding stock structure, estimates of stage-specific mortality, distribution at sea, preferred hosts, and climate change impacts to the distribution and availability of adequate hosts. There is an urgent need for good-quality data from reported commercial landings and also from monitoring studies regarding the efficacy of mitigation and restoration efforts (e.g., habitat restoration, fishing regulations, artificial rearing and stocking). Involving the general public and stakeholders in the management and conservation of lampreys through outreach actions is crucial to promote the protection of the ecological and cultural values of lampreys and the understanding of their vulnerability
Apostolic activity of St. James the Apostle: leading to the formation of the Camino de Santiago /
No full textFor pilgrims, 2021 is a Year of Saint James. This happens every few years (the last was in 2010 and the next will be in 2027), i.e. when July 25, the Day of St. James, is on Sunday. Pilgrims have been travelling to the tomb of St. James for centuries. The Way of St. James (Camino de Santiago) to Santiago de Compostela in Spain became a special spiritual asset of European cultural heritage following the Declaration of the Camino de Santiago by the Council of Europe on 23 October 1987, and official branches of the way have been drawn across Europe. In order to actualise the pilgrimage along the Way of St. James, the features of the life of St. James the Greater and his activities which led to the rise and formation of the Camino de Santiago are discussed in this article. While the origins and development of the pilgrimage walk of St. James are presented, the article discusses the distinctiveness of St. James’s activities among the apostles. The paper reviews his apostolic activities after the Resurrection and Ascension of Jesus Christ, it presents the history of his tomb and the beginning of his holy cult in Spain
Dark heritage: memorials, controversy and the case of the Macikai camps.
No full textThe article, based on general methodological approaches applicable in the theories of memorial culture and places of memory and historiographical materials, provides an analysis of the interaction between the “dark heritage” and the discourses shaping the politics of history, the uses of the “dark heritage” objects and the site of the Macikai camps. The article gives an historical overview of the Macikai camps and provides an account of the current state of research of the “dark heritage”, and the heritage of military and defence works in Lithuania. It examines the creation of Holocaust memorials as examples of European “dark heritage” and related controversies, and includes recommendations for the patterns of representation and content of exhibitions at the “dark heritage” Macikai site