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Causes of Mortality in Harbor (Phoca vitulina) and Gray (Halichoerus grypus) Seals in Denmark
No full textDetermination of the causes of mortality in stranded marine mammals can contribute valuable information for conservation of wild populations, as well as contribute to risk assessments for different pathogens, hosts, and environmental conditions. This study examined necropsy reports for harbor (Phoca vitulina; n = 213) and gray (Halichoerus grypus; n = 40) seals stranded in Denmark in the period 2014 to 2021 to determine the causes of mortality where feasible. The likelihood that human interactions did or might have contributed to the mortality was also assessed. Infection with lungworms, heartworms, gastrointestinal roundworms, and influenza virus was tested for each seal in the data. Parasitic bronchopneumonia was the most common cause of death in both harbor (n = 68) and gray (n = 8) seals, and significantly more juveniles than adults died as a result of parasitic infections in the harbor seal cohort. Starvation was also a major cause of death in juvenile seals. Cause of death, death class (found dead, euthanized, or culled), and whether human interactions played a role in mortality did not vary significantly between the two species. Traumatic causes of death, resulting from confirmed or probable human interactions, were associated with adult and subadult seals of both species. Culling was the cause of death for 13.6% of harbor seals and 17.5% of gray seals.Determination of the causes of mortality in stranded marine mammals can contribute valuable information for conservation of wild populations, as well as contribute to risk assessments for different pathogens, hosts, and environmental conditions. This study examined necropsy reports for harbor (Phoca vitulina; n = 213) and gray (Halichoerus grypus; n = 40) seals stranded in Denmark in the period 2014 to 2021 to determine the causes of mortality where feasible. The likelihood that human interactions did or might have contributed to the mortality was also assessed. Infection with lungworms, heartworms, gastrointestinal roundworms, and influenza virus was tested for each seal in the data. Parasitic bronchopneumonia was the most common cause of death in both harbor (n = 68) and gray (n = 8) seals, and significantly more juveniles than adults died as a result of parasitic infections in the harbor seal cohort. Starvation was also a major cause of death in juvenile seals. Cause of death, death class (found dead, euthanized, or culled), and whether human interactions played a role in mortality did not vary significantly between the two species. Traumatic causes of death, resulting from confirmed or probable human interactions, were associated with adult and subadult seals of both species. Culling was the cause of death for 13.6% of harbor seals and 17.5% of gray seals
Towards transnational research data management practices for web archives:Challenges and possibilities
No full textWeb materials are of increasing interest to researchers as they are an increasingly important part of today’s historical sources. Consequently, such born-digital materials are being analysed in a wide range of research domains including the humanities and social sciences, computer science, history, and library and information sciences, etc. However, as web materials are very different from other historical sources, the generic research data management practices are not sufficient on the operational level. When it comes to transnational studies, it gets even more complicated. This chapter will examine evidence that we have found for research data management practices for web materials based on a variety of sources. We will describe the practices and challenges found compared to general research management practices and specifically look at how this can support the FAIR principles. On this basis, the chapter will discuss identified gaps, what can be used as recommendations, and what needs further investigation
Tangible Books, Catalogues of Holdings and Abstract Bibliographies.:Retrospective Bibliography in Denmark
Get PDFThis article analyses the history, state and possible development of retrospective bibliography in Denmark. Current bibliography, a joint responsibility of the Danish Bibliographic Centre (DBC) and the Royal Danish Library, is governed by legislation, whereas retrospective bibliography is not. The history of retrospective bibliography is closely connected to legal deposit and to the holdings of the Royal Danish Library. The printed retrospective bibliography, Bibliotheca Danica, was published in the years 1872–1931. An addition was published in 1943, and a photographic reprint with corrections and supplements was published 1961–1963. In spite of the fact that the Royal Danish Library many years ago made a retrospective conversion of all entries in Bibliotheca Danica, there is today no digital version of its entries and no digital Danish retrospective bibliography covering the period 1482–1840. There are instead cataloguesof holdings of individual libraries and national union catalogues. The article concludes that it would be desirable to produce a digital retrospective bibliography of books printed before 1841
Historiske kort og kunstig intelligens
Get PDFDenne artikel undersøger muligheden for at anvende MapReader, et gratis og åbent Python-baseret redskab, til automatisk vektorisering af arealkategorier på historiske kort. Kort er en af de vigtigste kilder til landskabshistorie, men det er en dyr og tidskrævende proces at udtrække deres data, så de kan bearbejdes digitalt. Vi tog udgangspunkt i to kort fra de høje målebordsblade, som tidligere har været genstand for både manuel og automatisk vektorisering i projektet BasemapH, og konstruerede en række modeller til at genkende vådområder på kortene. MapReader opdeler kortenes areal i “patches,” kvadrater i en af bruge-ren defineret skala, hvorefter en andel klassificeres manuelt som træningsdata til en model, som kan klassificere de resterende patches automatisk. Ved brug af en patchstørrelse på 50 m til at identificere vådområder, fandt vi, at MapRea-der-modellerne, hvis træningsdata bygger på ganske få timers arbejde, rammer forbavsende tæt på valideringsdatasættet fra BasemapH. Artiklen konkluderer dermed at brugen af MapReader har et stort potentiale til at automatisere vek-toriseringen af arealkategorier fra historiske kort, især for landsdækkende, ens-artede kortserier som de høje målebordsblade
KNV01208-01 og 02 Foldagervej 15
Get PDFForundersøgelsesområdet dækkede et areal på ca. 2 ha. i Lille Skensveds østlige udkant. På baggrund af forundersøgelsen blev der indstillet et areal på cirka 20.000 m2 til egentlig arkæologisk udgravning. Under forundersøgelsen og udgravningen blev der registreret bebyggelsesspor primært i form af hustomter fra den sidste del af bronzealderen og frem til ældre germansk jernalder. Fundene tolkes som spredte gårdsenheder med tilhørende aktivitetsområder i form af gruber og kogegruber. Fundene indgår i et større bebyggelseskompleks, som gennem det seneste årti er afdækket i Køge Nord
The Ties That Bind:Computational, Cross-cultural Analyses of Knots Reveal Their Cultural Evolutionary History and Significance
Get PDFIntegral to the fabric of human technology, knots have shaped survival strategies since their first invention. As the ties that bind, their evolution and diversity have afforded human cultural change and expression. This study examines knotting traditions over time and space. We analyse a sample of 338 knots from 86 ethnographically or archaeologically documented societies over 12 millennia.Utilizing a novel approach that combines knot theory with computational string matching, we show that knotted structures can be precisely represented and compared across cultures. This methodology reveals a staple set of knots that occur cross-culturally, and our analysis offers insights into their cultural transmission and the reasons behind their ubiquity. We discuss knots in the context of cultural evolution, illustrating how the ethnographic and archaeological records suggest considerable knowhow in knot-tying across societies spanning from the deep past to contemporary times. The study also highlights the potential of this methodology to extend beyond knots, proposing its applicability to a broader range of string and fibre technologies
Omkring to værker – på tværs og på langs:En transmissionshistorisk kortlægning af Asger Jorn og Guy Debords "<i>Fin de Copenhague</i>" og "<i>Mémoires</i>"
No full textI afhandlingen kortlægges historien om to centrale værker i det 20. århundredes avantgardehistorie. Fin de Copenhague og Mémoires, hvis førsteudgaver udkom i henholdsvis 1957 og 1959, var knyttet til de første år i bevægelsen Situationistisk Internationales liv (1957-1972). Værkernes historie viser sig dog langt mere kompleks end hidtil antaget. Analyserne af værkernes historie fra 1950’erne til i dag sker bl.a. på baggrund af et omfattende kildemateriale fra arkiver i ind- og udland.Med støtte i boghistorisk teori og metode påvises værkernes dynamiske karakter og den løbende forhandling mellem de involverede parter, når nye udgaver udsendes og de historiske kontekster ændrer sig. Afhandlingen korrigerer de eksisterende rammesættende fortællinger om de to værker, og der sker en omfattende udvidelse af kronologien, persongalleriet og geografien. Kortlægningen giver betydelig ny viden om værkerne og samarbejdet mellem den danske kunstner Asger Jorn (1914-1973) og den franske filmmager og teoretiker Guy Debord (1931-1994), samt om de historiske sammenhænge, som værkerne var del af, herunder Jorns danske netværks afgørende betydning.Thomas Hvid Kromann vil med afhandlingen belyse et vigtigt kapitel i international avantgardehistorie, et kapitel, der har væsentlige danske forudsætninger, og videreudvikle en teoretisk-metodisk model for studiet af bøger og deres liv