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An Analysis of 600-Year-Old Gut-Skin Parkas of the Early Thule Period from the Nuulliit Site, Avanersuaq, Greenland
No full textThree 600-year-old hooded gut-skin parkas were excavated in 1947 at the settlementNuulliit, situated in the North Water polynya between Ellesmere Island and Avanersuaq in northernGreenland. The parkas, radiocarbon dated to the 14th century AD, belong to the Thule PeriodInuit, who migrated from the Bering Strait region through Arctic North America into northernGreenland after 1250 AD. This study compares the Nuulliit parkas with gut-skin parkas collectedfrom 1846–1945 among resident Inuit in Alaska and eastern Greenland. Further, a comparison isconducted with female and male fur-skin parkas from Inuit in the Bering Strait region and Alaska.The analyses of the parkas’ cutting, sewing techniques, and material consumption show thatthe characteristic cut with double hood roots (inserted in the mid-shoulders or directly connectedto the hood), sleeve gussets, and vertical orientation of gut-skin panels were used for at least 550years among the Inuit.Three 600‐year‐old hooded gut‐skin parkas were excavated in 1947 at the settlement Nuulliit, situated in the North Water polynya between Ellesmere Island and Avanersuaq in northern Greenland. The parkas, radiocarbon dated to the 14th century AD, belong to the Thule Period Inuit, who migrated from the Bering Strait region through Arctic North America into northern Greenland after 1250 AD. This study compares the Nuulliit parkas with gut‐skin parkas collected from 1846–1945 among resident Inuit in Alaska and eastern Greenland. Further, a comparison is conducted with female and male fur‐skin parkas from Inuit in the Bering Strait region and Alaska.The analyses of the parkas’ cutting, sewing techniques, and material consumption show that the characteristic cut with double hood roots (inserted in the mid‐shoulders or directly connected to the hood), sleeve gussets, and vertical orientation of gut‐skin panels were used for at least 550 years among the Inuit
Microplastic pollution in the Thumbprint emperor (Lethrinus harak) from Tanzanian coastal waters: Occurrence, abundance, characterization, and relevance as a monitoring species
No full textIn the present study we collected the Thumbprint emperor (Lethrinus harak) from seven landing sites from the coastal waters around Dar es Salaam and Zanzibar (Tanzania) to (i) quantify and characterize microplastics (MPs) in their digestive tracts and (ii) use previously assessed environmental levels in nearshore surface waters and seabed sediments to determine whether L. harak could be a relevant biomonitor for MP pollution in the region. L. harak (n=387) had an overall frequency of occurrence (FO%) of 48 % and displayed spatial variation between sites with Kunduchi (FO=66.7 %) and Mijimwena (FO=17.1 %) having the highest and lowest FO%, respectively. Fish from Mjimwema had a mean MP content of 0.17 ± 0.38 MPs individual-1 whilst fish from Kizimkazi had the highest MP abundance (1.75 ± 2.33 MPs individual-1). Fibers (overall 64.7 %, range across sites 48–86 %) and fragments (17.9 %, 5–25 %) were the most dominant MP types whilst black (46.9 %, 40–58 %) and blue (22.5%, 7–36 %) MPs were the most common colours. Fish length (ρ= -0.09, p=0.09) or weight (ρ=0.07, p=0.18) did not significantly correlate to MP abundance in fish (Spearman rank correlations). Neither MP occurrence nor abundance was linked to MP concentrations in either surface waters or seabed sediments (Spearman rank correlation), but MPs in the fish better reflected MPs in the sediment compared to surface water (two-way ANOVA on ranked data). Whilst L. harak presents as a promising candidate to monitor MP pollution along the East African coast due to its ecology, overall, it lacks reliability. Nonetheless, the present study fills important knowledge gaps both geographically on the East African Coast and with an underrepresented taxonomic family (Lethrinidae ‘Emporer fishes’)
Danish Soldiers in the West Indies:The Royal (Danish) West Indian Troops 1755-1851; The (Danish) West Indian Military Force 1851-1907; and the (Danish West Indian Gendarmerie 1907-1917.
No full textThis book describes the organization of the military, the individuals who were hired and how they were recruited, their uniforms and equipment, their lodgings, and their experiences during their service
Encyclopedia of Maladies in Academic Anthropology:Counter-Diagnosis for a Sick Working Environment
No full textThough important work has been done in recent years bringing forth the implicit,biassed attitudes and comportment within academic anthropology, particularunfortunate patterns of academic culture persistently resists change. Byintroducing an encyclopedia of maladies, this piece identifies, diagnoses andcatalogues some of the toxic traits anthropologists may contract working inacademic environments. By doing so I hope to deliver a poignant critique of a sickworking environment, but also a humorous language for initiating healing andchange