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Continuity and Change in Lithic Tool Use Over Generations at Housepit 54 (EeRl4) at Bridge River:Two tests of heritable continuity
Get PDFBuilding on previous research on the cultural transmission of material culture between generations at Housepit 54 (Prentiss et al. 2016; 2020a), this poster presents ongoing research exploring the possible transmission trajectories of lithic technologies across activity areas and occupation floors at Housepit 54 using two levels of analysis: by blocks within each floor, and by floor, delimited by excavation units (floor strata [time] and excavation blocks [space]) at the site. Activity areas (based on the distribution of lithic materials) are evident in different places at different times of occupation within the pithouse (Prentiss et al. 2020b; 2022a), but are there any indications that certain areas were recognized or marked out for specific tool-related activities similarly across multiple occupations? For example, different lithic tools distributed in the same blocks or areas within blocks on time-adjacent floors can tell us about the possible use-life of particular spaces as well as the possibility of inter-generational continuity between different occupations. This implies the possibility of cultural transmission regarding the use of space over generations. The research presented takes a cultural phylogenetic approach to this study of continuity and change in the use of activity space over multiple generations at Housepit 54
Organizational Accumulation: Revisiting Capitalist Transitions and the Danish Farmer Cooperatives From the 19th to the 21st Centuries
Get PDFWhen, how and why does farming become capitalist? This question has long shaped debates in agrarian studies and economic history. Although traditional analyses emphasize market dependency and competitive pressures, this paper argues for a shift in focus towards the diverse strategies of reproduction that farmers have employed in different historical contexts. Rather than searching for common capitalist behaviours, we should examine what made farmers different as they transitioned to capitalism. This approach is illustrated through the case of Denmark, where farmers from the late 19th century pioneered a unique strategy of cooperative organization to transition into capitalist agriculture. We introduce the concept of ‘organizational accumulation’ to describe this process, in which cooperative networks enabled farmers to strongly influence key aspects of production, processing and trade. By foregrounding organizational accumulation, this paper offers a new perspective on how capitalist farming emerges—and how its trajectories vary across time and place
Towards transnational research data management practices for web archives:Challenges and possibilities
No full textWeb materials are of increasing interest to researchers as they are an increasingly important part of today’s historical sources. Consequently, such born-digital materials are being analysed in a wide range of research domains including the humanities and social sciences, computer science, history, and library and information sciences, etc. However, as web materials are very different from other historical sources, the generic research data management practices are not sufficient on the operational level. When it comes to transnational studies, it gets even more complicated. This chapter will examine evidence that we have found for research data management practices for web materials based on a variety of sources. We will describe the practices and challenges found compared to general research management practices and specifically look at how this can support the FAIR principles. On this basis, the chapter will discuss identified gaps, what can be used as recommendations, and what needs further investigation
Grenzland-Experten an der "Schlagsahnefront"?:Schleswig-Holsteinische Polizei- und SD-Führer im besetzten Dänemark 1940-45
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spectrakit:Spectral Data Handling and Visualization
No full textProvides functions to combine, normalize and visualize spectral data, and for assembling customizable image grids suitable for publication-quality scientific figures
Range-Wide Genomic Analysis Reveals Regional and Meta-Population Dynamics of Decline and Recovery in the Grey Seal
Get PDFWildlife populations globally have experienced widespread historical declines due to anthropogenic and environmental impacts, yet for some species, contemporary management and conservation programmes have enabled recent recovery. The impacts of decline and recovery on genomic diversity and, vice versa, the genetic factors that contribute to conservation success or failure are rich areas for inquiry, with implications for shaping how we manage species into the future. To comprehensively characterise these processes in natural systems requires range-wide sampling and international collaboration, particularly for species with wide dispersal capabilities, broad geographic distributions, and complex regional metapopulation dynamics. Here, we present the first range- and genome-wide population genomic analysis of grey seals based on 3812 nuclear SNPs genotyped in 188 samples from 17 localities. Our analyses support the existence of three main grey seal populations centred in the NW Atlantic, NE Atlantic and Baltic Sea, and point to the existence of previously unrecognised substructure within the NE Atlantic. We detected remarkably low levels of genetic diversity in the NW Atlantic population, and demographic analyses revealed a turbulent history of NE Atlantic and Baltic Sea grey seals, with bottlenecks in the Middle Ages and the 20th century due to hunting and habitat alterations. We found some localities deviated from isolation by distance patterns, likely reflecting wide-scale metapopulation dynamics associated with recolonisation and recovery in regions where they were historically extirpated. We identify at least six grey seal genetic populations and reveal marked genetic effects of past declines and recent recovery across the species' range.Wildlife populations globally have experienced widespread historical declines due to anthropogenic and environmental impacts, yet for some species, contemporary management and conservation programmes have enabled recent recovery. The impacts of decline and recovery on genomic diversity and, vice versa, the genetic factors that contribute to conservation success or failure are rich areas for inquiry, with implications for shaping how we manage species into the future. To comprehensively characterise these processes in natural systems requires range-wide sampling and international collaboration, particularly for species with wide dispersal capabilities, broad geographic distributions, and complex regional metapopulation dynamics. Here, we present the first range- and genome-wide population genomic analysis of grey seals based on 3812 nuclear SNPs genotyped in 188 samples from 17 localities. Our analyses support the existence of three main grey seal populations centred in the NW Atlantic, NE Atlantic and Baltic Sea, and point to the existence of previously unrecognised substructure within the NE Atlantic. We detected remarkably low levels of genetic diversity in the NW Atlantic population, and demographic analyses revealed a turbulent history of NE Atlantic and Baltic Sea grey seals, with bottlenecks in the Middle Ages and the 20th century due to hunting and habitat alterations. We found some localities deviated from isolation by distance patterns, likely reflecting wide-scale metapopulation dynamics associated with recolonisation and recovery in regions where they were historically extirpated. We identify at least six grey seal genetic populations and reveal marked genetic effects of past declines and recent recovery across the species' range
