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From role incongruity to androgynous leadership: women managers' experiences in Turkiye's hospitality industry
No full textPurposeThis study examines the persistent underrepresentation of women in senior leadership positions within the hospitality sector, despite their significant presence in the workforce. Grounded in Role Congruity Theory, it explores how female hotel managers in T & uuml;rkiye, Trabzon province perceive and enact their leadership roles amid gender-role expectations. This study aims to reveal whether these women experience identity-based tension between their gender and managerial responsibilities, arguing that they adopt adaptive, androgynous leadership styles to assert professional legitimacy while navigating social and organizational norms.Design/methodology/approachA qualitative phenomenological approach was used to gain deep insights into lived experiences. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews with 14 female hotel managers operating in Trabzon, T & uuml;rkiye. The interviews were thematically analyzed to identify recurring patterns and strategies used to cope with gender-role expectations.FindingsThe findings reveal that women perceive their leadership styles as distinct from those of men. Female managers emphasize communication, empathy and support, while male leaders are viewed as more task-oriented and authoritarian. Participants indicated that initial career challenges diminished over time and that their gender and managerial identities became largely compatible. Women consciously combine feminine and masculine traits, fostering an androgynous leadership style. Key strategies for success include emotional balance, goal orientation, and working harder than male counterparts.Originality/valueThis research offers novel insights by focusing on a less-studied geographical context - Trabzon in the Eastern Black Sea region of T & uuml;rkiye - and by integrating both Role Congruity Theory and androgynous leadership frameworks. It highlights how women leaders negotiate gender-role expectations in male-dominated contexts, enriching the gender and leadership literature through a distinctive regional lens
Enhancing the nutritional profile of refined wheat bread with cereal and pulse flours: assessment of phytate content and mineral bioaccessibility
No full textRefined wheat flour is widely used in bread making due to its favourable technological properties. However, it provides limited nutritional benefits, particularly with respect to dietary fiber, micronutrients, and bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the effects of substituting refined wheat flour with selected cereal and pulse flours—namely rye, oat, and whole wheat, wheat bran, chickpea, and lentil flours—on the nutritional composition and mineral bioaccessibility of bread. Oat, lentil, and chickpea flours were incorporated at 10% and 20% substitution level, while rye, whole wheat, and bran breads were prepared in accordance with the Turkish Food Codex Communiqué. Chemical analyses included total phenolic content, phytate concentration, and mineral composition. In vitro mineral bioaccessibility was examined, with additional estimation by phytate-to-mineral molar ratios. The addition of cereal and pulse flours to refined wheat flour significantly increased the contents of dietary fiber, iron, zinc, total phenolics, and phytate in the bread samples (p < 0.05). Although higher phytate levels reduced iron bioaccessibility in all bread formulations, bread samples containing oat, lentil, and chickpea flours demonstrated significantly higher zinc bioaccessibility than the control bread (p < 0.05). These findings suggest that partial substitution (10–20%) of refined wheat flour with cereal and pulse flours can substantially enhance the nutritional value of bread, improving mineral availability while mitigating, to some extent, the inhibitory effects of phytate. Such formulations appear feasible for practical bread production and may contribute to dietary improvement. The findings serve as a basis for the food industry in the development of nutritionally improved breads that combine enhanced nutritional profiles with higher mineral bioavailability
Medical student learning in the operating room: a qualitative study from the perspectives of students and the OR team
No full textBackground: The operating room (OR) is a pivotal setting for medical students, shaping both professional identity and clinical competence. This study explored the expectations and experiences of medical students during their OR training, while also incorporating the perspectives of the surgical team. Methods: A qualitative study was conducted using focus groups with OR team members and semi-structured interviews with medical students. Data were analysed using a conventional content analysis approach, with findings organised into higher-order categories to capture shared and divergent perspectives on learning, supervision, and team dynamics. Results: Students described how interactions with the OR team, clarity of expectations, and opportunities for participation shaped their learning experiences and professional identity. Orientation was consistently reported as a critical need, and both students and educators supported the development of a self-paced e-learning module to address this gap. While students appreciated supportive supervisors, they also reported that unclear expectations and inconsistent guidance generated stress and uncertainty. Negative behaviours emerged as a barrier to motivation and learning. From the OR team perspective, heavy workload, time pressure, competing clinical priorities and unclear expectations were described as factors influencing educational interactions. Conclusions: The findings suggest that enhancing orientation processes, attention to role expectations, and supportive interprofessional interactions may influence medical students’ learning experiences in the OR
Influence of nano-sized ceramic reinforcement content on the powder characteristics and the mechanical, tribological, and corrosion properties of al-based alloy nanocomposites
No full textIn this study, B4C nanoparticles were incorporated into AA2024, one of the aluminum alloys with superior mechanical and wear properties, with the aim of further enhancing its mechanical, tribological, and corrosion performance. The nanocomposites were produced using mechanical milling followed by powder metallurgy techniques. The effects of nano-sized B4C additions on powder characteristics, microstructure, and physical, mechanical, tribological, and corrosion properties were systematically investigated through microhardness, density, SEM, XRD, bulk hardness, wear, and corrosion tests. B4C was added at weight fractions of 0–2 wt.%, and all samples were mechanically milled for 8 h. The results revealed a gradual reduction in powder particle size and a corresponding increase in particle microhardness with increasing B4C content. The sample reinforced with 2 wt.% nano-B4C exhibited an approximately 80% increase in hardness and around a 55% improvement in tensile strength compared to the unreinforced alloy. Wear resistance was significantly enhanced, showing up to an 8-fold improvement under a 5 N load and a 6-fold improvement under a 25 N load. Furthermore, corrosion resistance nearly doubled with the addition of B4C nanoparticles
The moderating role of attachment styles in the relationship between psychological commitment and aggression among football fans
No full textIntroduction This study examined how attachment styles condition the relationship between football fans' psychological commitment and aggressive tendencies.Methods The sample consisted of 561 adult football supporters who identified themselves as long-term and highly committed fans. A moderation framework was employed to test whether attachment orientations shape the strength and expression of the association between psychological commitment and aggression.Results Moderation analyses revealed that higher psychological commitment was generally associated with increased aggression; however, this relationship varied significantly as a function of attachment style. Secure attachment attenuated the positive association between commitment and aggression, whereas anxious ambivalent and avoidant attachment styles were associated with higher baseline levels of aggression.Discussion Attachment styles function as regulatory lenses through which strong emotional investment in a team translates into either controlled or aggressive responses, offering important implications for prevention and intervention strategies in football environments
Microplastic contamination in the pellets of the Egyptian vultures (Neophron percnopterus) as terrestrial bioindicators across contrasting landscapes in Türkiye
No full textMicroplastic (MP) contamination constitutes a widespread and intensifying global environmental challenge, adversely affecting aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric systems. Avian species are especially susceptible to microplastic exposure due to their ecological significance across diverse trophic levels and habitats, mostly through trophic transfer from consuming contaminated prey and inhaling airborne microplastics. This research uses regurgitated pellets of the Egyptian vulture as a pellet-based bioindicator tool to assess terrestrial microplastic contamination in two distinct regions of Türkiye (Ankara and Çorum). Here, a total of 307 microplastic particles were identified from 98 pellets, with a 93.33% overall occurrence rate and 100% contamination in Çorum samples. MP abundance was significantly higher in Çorum (mean = 15.0 ± 2.4 items per pellet) than in Ankara (mean = 1.15 ± 0.3; χ2 = 58.50, p < 0.001). The predominant polymers were polyethylene terephthalate (PET, 31.3%), polyacrylonitrile (PAN, 18.2%), and polypropylene (PP, 15.6%), with fibers being the dominant shape (70.7%) and transparent and blue the most frequent colors (50.2% combined). Statistical analyses revealed a negative correlation between MP size and pellet weight (r = –0.32, p < 0.001), confirming the influence of degradation and feeding behavior on MP retention. The widespread presence of MPs in this endangered species highlights trophic transfer and atmospheric deposition as key mechanisms of contamination. Egyptian vultures may serve as an effective bioindicator species for terrestrial microplastics, reflecting broader contamination within the terrestrial food web. These findings underscore the urgent need for improved plastic waste management in rural environments and the implementation of long-term monitoring to mitigate ecological and health risks
Classification: Fundamental Concepts and Primary Methods
No full textData Mining 9. Hafta Ders Notu Konusu : Classification: Fundamental Concepts and Primary
Method
Advanced Techniques in Pattern Mining
No full textData Mining 7. Hafta Ders Notu Konusu : Advanced Techniques in Pattern Minin
R-wave peak time and impaired coronary collateral circulation in chronic total occlusion
No full textBackground/Objectives: Chronic total occlusion (CTO) is one of the most complex forms of coronary artery disease, and myocardial perfusion in patients with CTO largely depends on the adequacy of coronary collateral circulation (CCC). Identifying simple and non-invasive electrocardiographic markers associated with impaired collateralization remains clinically important. The R-wave peak time (RWPT), a surface electrocardiography (ECG) marker representing the time to peak R-wave deflection and an electrocardiographic surrogate of early intraventricular conduction, may provide insight into ischemia-related ventricular activation delay. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether RWPT is associated with poor CCC in patients with CTO. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study included 92 consecutive patients with CTO and complete clinical, angiographic, and 12-lead ECG data. Patients were categorized according to CCC adequacy into good (n = 52) and poor (n = 40) CCC groups. Demographic, laboratory, angiographic, and ECG parameters were compared. Variables showing significant differences were subjected to univariate analysis, followed by multivariate logistic regression using a backward stepwise selection method. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Patients with poor CCC were significantly older and exhibited longer QRS duration and prolonged RWPT, whereas triglyceride levels were significantly lower. In multivariate analysis, both age (OR: 1.058; 95% CI: 1.005–1.114; p = 0.033) and RWPT (OR: 1.069; 95% CI: 1.013–1.128; p = 0.015) were significantly associated with poor CCC. Conclusions: RWPT may provide adjunctive, non-invasive information regarding collateral adequacy rather than serving as a definitive predictive marker. As an easily obtainable ECG parameter, RWPT may offer incremental diagnostic information when interpreted alongside clinical and angiographic findings in patients with CTO