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Digital Pharmacological Twins: Bridging Multi-scale Modelling and Artificial Intelligence for Precision Medicine : the DIGPHAT consortium
No full textInternational audienceThe advent of digital twins in pharmacology presents transformative potential for precision medicine, enabling personalized treatment optimization through dynamic computational simulations of drug interactions at molecular, cellular, and patient levels. These advanced virtual replicas of a patient's biological system are designed to predict individual therapeutic responses with high fidelity, thereby moving beyond the one-size-fits-all paradigm. This paper explores the concept of digital pharmacological twins, detailing how they can integrate heterogeneous data, including multi-omic, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, clinical, and environmental information, and employing a synergy of advanced mechanistic and machine learning models. Using illustrative examples from ongoing international initiatives, this work highlights the methodological frameworks necessary for developing and validating such comprehensive predictive tools. We underscore the critical importance of model interoperability, robust data integration strategies, and rigorous validation to ensure clinical utility. Ultimately, digital pharmacological twins promise to enhance therapeutic efficacy, minimize adverse drug reactions, and accelerate the translation of pharmacological science into tangible patient benefits
Research culture influences in health and biomedical research: Rapid scoping review and content analysis
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Research culture is strongly influenced by academic incentives and pressures such as the imperative to publish in academic journals, and can influence the nature and quality of the evidence we produce.Objective: The purpose of this rapid scoping review is to capture the breadth of differential pressures and contributors to current research culture, drawing together content from empirical research specific to the health and biomedical sciences. Study design and setting: PubMed and Web of Science were searched for empirical studies of influences and impacts on health and biomedical research culture, published between January 2012 and April 2024. Data charting extracted the key findings and relationships in research culture from included papers such as workforce composition; equitable access to research; academic journal trends, incentives, and reproducibility; erroneous research; questionable research practices; biases vested interests; and misconduct. A diverse author network was consulted to ensure content validity of the proposed framework of i) inclusivity, ii) transparency, iii) rigor, and iv) objectivity.Results: A growing field of studies examining research culture exists ranging from the inclusivity of the scientific workforce, the transparency of the data generated, the rigor of the methods used and the objectivity of the researchers involved. Figurative diagrams are presented to storyboard the links between research culture content and findings. Conclusion: The wide range of research culture influences in the recent literature indicates the need for coordinated and sustained research culture conversations. Core principles in effective research environments should include inclusive collaboration and diverse research workforces, rigorous methodological approaches, transparency, data sharing, and reflection on scientific objectivity
Les enjeux de l’éducation à l’environnement : prise de conscience d’une crise de sens de l’éducation contemporaine
No full textInternational audienceThe challenges of environmental education: awareness of a crisis of meaning in contemporary educationThere are many schemes claiming to be environmental education (eco-delegates, educational areas, outdoor classes, optional classes, etc.). Since the acceleration of their pedagogical implementation, particularly from the 1950s onwards, they have expanded, promoting immersion in nature, pupils’ active participation and multidisciplinarity. Today, they are embraced by teachers in a variety of forms, and often appear popular as potential responses to the urgency of environmental issues and their social corollaries. This article examines how these schemes are concretely embodied in professional practices, focusing specifically on the eco-delegate scheme.Les dispositifs se revendiquant de l’éducation à l’environnement sont aujourd’hui nombreux (écodélégués, aires éducatives, classes en plein air, classes à option, etc.). Prônant l’immersion dans la nature, la participation active des élèves et la pluridisciplinarité, ils sont investis sous différentes formes par des enseignants convaincus et apparaissent souvent plébiscités en tant que réponses potentielles à l’urgence des enjeux environnementaux et à leurs corollaires sociaux. Cet article s’intéresse à la manière dont ces dispositifs s’incarnent concrètement et aux difficultés auxquels ils sont confrontés. Reposant sur une enquête auprès d’élèves et d’enseignants engagés dans de tels dispositifs, il met en avant leurs différents points de vue en portant la focale spécifiquement sur le dispositif des écodélégués
Diagnóstico participativo do sistema socioecológico da bacia hidrográfica do Rio Marapanim, no Pará
No full textInternational audienceThe objective of this article is to produce a participative diagnosis of the socio-ecological system of theMarapanim River Basin (BHRM), based on the analysis of the implementation of water resources management by a river basin committee in the Amazon of Pará and the creation and performance of the Marapanim RiverBasin Committee (CBHRM). The analysis was guided by the interdisciplinary epistemological approach, withtheoretical support from the commons, socio-ecological systems (SES) and the concept of Integrated WaterResources Management (IWRM). The methodological procedures of the case study and content analysiswere used, with the aid of IRAMUTEQ. The results demonstrated the emergence of 6 classes of words, whichwere grouped into four categories: ecological, symbolizing the Marapanim River basin; actors, relating tothe interests of the public authorities, water users and civil entities; governance system, represented bythe creation of the CBHRM; and interactions and results, which demonstrated the performance of CBHRMas a new institution of participation in water management. The diagnosis demonstrated that the collectiveconstruction of BHRM as a socio-ecological system involves the sharing of common thinking about the needsof water resources management, aiming at local development. It was concluded that the social actors of theBHRM self-organized with the interest of favoring the creation of the CBHRM, which has limited decision-making power, reduced scope, results restricted to institutional formalization, the need to mature theunderstanding of its competencies and expand its knowledge about the variables of the socio- ecologicalsystem of the BHRM, involving public actors.O objetivo do artigo é produzir um diagnóstico participativo do sistema socioecológico da Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Marapanim (BHRM), a partir da análise da implementação da gestão de recursos hídricos por comitê de bacia hidrográfica na Amazônia paraense e a criação e atuação do Comitê da Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Marapanim (CBHRM). A análise foi orientada pela abordagem epistemológica interdisciplinar, com aporte teórico dos comuns, dos sistemas socioecológicos (SES) e do conceito de Gestão Integrada de Recursos Hídricos (GIRH). Utilizou-se os procedimentos metodológicos do estudo de caso e da análise de conteúdo, com o auxílio do IRAMUTEQ. Os resultados demonstraram a emergência de 6 classes de palavras, que foram agrupadas em quatro categorias: ecológica, simbolizando a bacia do rio Marapanim; atores, relacionando-se aos interesses do poder público, usuários de água e entidades civis; sistema de governança, representado pela criação do CBHRM; e interações e resultados, que demonstrou a atuação do CBHRM como uma nova instituição de participação na gestão da água. O diagnóstico demonstrou que a construção coletiva da BHRM como um sistema socioecológico perpassa pelo compartilhamento do pensamento comum acerca das necessidades de gestão de recursos hídricos, visando o desenvolvimento local. Concluiu-se que os atores sociais da BHRM se auto-organizaram com o interesse de favorecer a criação do CBHRM, o qual apresenta limitado poder decisório, abrangência reduzida, resultados restritos à formalização institucional, necessidade de amadurecer o entendimento de suas competências e ampliar o seu conhecimento sobre as variáveis do sistema socioecológico da BHRM, envolvendo os atores públicos
Le partage du code pour la réplicabilité
No full textNational audiencePrésentation (webinaire) réalisée lors du Printemps de la Donnée, le 5 juin 2025 Contenu de la présentation : Définition de la réplicabilité Principes FAIR appliqués au code Feuille de route CODE Ouverture, Accessilité, Archivage Documentation Réplicabilité (environnements d'exécution) Environnements virtuels Conteneurisation Guix Collaboratio
Efficient UV Organic Solid‐State Lasers with Ultra‐Short Wavelengths Based on Dispirofluorene‐Indenofluorene Isomers
No full textInternational audienceThe development of efficient UV organic solid‐state lasers (OSLs) remains a significant challenge, yet it is crucial for enabling advanced photonic technologies. This study investigates two dispirofluorene‐indenofluorene regioisomers, (2,1‐a)‐DSF(tBu)4‐IF (DSFIF‐syn) and (1,2‐b)‐DSF(tBu)4‐IF (DSFIF‐anti), to elucidate the impact of subtle structural differences on their solid‐state photophysical and lasing properties. Through a combination of experimental techniques and theoretical approaches, including comprehensive optical characterization and molecular dynamics simulations, it is demonstrated that DSFIF‐syn exhibits significantly reduced intermolecular aggregation compared to DSFIF‐anti, resulting in enhanced optical performance in solid‐state thin films. Remarkably, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) is achieved at a record‐short wavelength of 365 nm with a low threshold of 4.5 µJ cm−2 (5000 W cm−2) in a PMMA blend film. Moreover, distributed feedback (DFB) laser devices incorporating a blend film of DSFIF‐syn dispersed in polystyrene (PS) enabled lasing at an unprecedentedly short wavelength of 358.5 nm, as well as a low lasing threshold of 0.7 µJ cm−2 (780 W cm−2) at 363.3 nm. These results demonstrate that dispirofluorene‐indenofluorene derivatives are highly promising UV laser dyes, highlighting isomeric control as a valuable molecular design strategy for advancing high‐performance organic lasers
Écrire la chute et la ruine au dix-neuvième siècle : pour une herméneutique de la misère dans les oeuvres d'Aloysius Bertrand et de Pétrus Borel
No full textS’ils ne sont pas témoins du bouleversement que constitue la Révolution française, Aloysius Bertrand et Pétrus Borel en observent en revanche les conséquences sur leur XIXe siècle contemporain. À leur tour, ils sont les témoins de crises sociales, économiques et religieuses, et de la révolution de 1830, autant d'événements qui ébranlent profondément le climat du XIXe siècle et marquent de leur fer, jusque dans leur esthétique, les œuvres de ces deux écrivains marginaux. L’un des plus lourds symptômes de ces profonds changements, qu'Aloysius Bertrand et Pétrus Borel interprètent comme des cataclysmes, est une écriture de la misère. Le Maçon et le Lycanthrope constatent la double valence de ce fléau, qui est à la fois social et économique, provoquant faim, froid, pauvreté, mort ; et métaphysique, interrogeant la question religieuse, la place de l’homme dans l'ordre cosmologique et la profonde béance existentielle qui le mine
Do patient-specific cutting guides for pelvic and sacral tumour resection provide tumour-free bone margins?
No full textInternational audienceBackgroundAchieving R0 margin, i.e., tumour-free margin, during conservative surgery for pelvic or sacral tumours is demanding. Small cohort studies suggest that patient-specific instrumentation (PSI) may hold promise, notably for bone margin accuracy. Objectives of this study were to determine whether PSI allowed R0 bone margins; R0 soft-tissue margins; and increased disease-free survival, without local recurrence or distant metastases, comparatively to previous studies of patients treated by free-hand or navigated surgery; and whether PSI positioning for the bone cuts was readily achieved.HypothesisUsing PSI provides R0 bone margins in 100% patients and improves disease-free survival).Material and methodsRetrospective study including consecutively patients who underwent PSI-assisted surgical resection of a pelvic or sacral tumour between October 2011 and February 2020. Bone and soft-tissue margins were assessed according to the Union for International Cancer Control classification. Overall survival and disease-free survival were evaluated using the Kaplan-Meier method. PSI positioning was assessed by surgeons for each patient on a scale from 5 (excellent) to 1 (failed).ResultsOf the 42 included patients (26 males and 16 females), 34 had primary bone malignancies, 3 had soft-tissue malignancies extended to the bone, 3 had locally aggressive benign bone tumours, and 2 had solitary bone metastases. Mean follow-up was 49 (range 4–112) mo. Bone margins were as follow: R0 in 40 (95%) patients; R1 in 1 (2.5%) and R2 in 1 (2.5%). Soft-tissue margins were as follow: R0 in 76% of patients; R1 in 21.5% of patients. At 5 years, overall disease-free survival was 63.4% (95% CI, 49.3–81.4), survival without local recurrence was 65.5% (95% CI, 47.7–90.0], and survival without distant metastases was 70.1% (95% CI, 55.4–88.5). Positioning of the 60 PSIs used was rated excellent or good in 93.3% of cases and fair or poor in 6.7% of cases; no cases of positioning failure were recorded.DiscussionPSIs provided excellent accuracy for achieving R0 bone margin. Nonetheless, local recurrence remained high similarly to free-hand surgery. This finding may be related to surgeons relying on PSI’s accuracy for maximal preservation.ConclusionPSIs are technically reliable and safe for obtaining R0 margins during conservative resection surgery to treat pelvic and sacral tumours. However, PSIs do not substantially decrease the local recurrence rate.Level of evidenceIV; retrospective observational cohort study
