Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
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Complications of Hydatid Cyst of Liver and its Management: A Review
Get PDFHydatid disease of the liver is still endemic in certain parts of the world. The diagnosis of non-complicated hydatid cyst of the liver depends on clinical suspicion. The modern treatment of hydatid cyst of the liver varies from surgical intervention to percutaneous drainage or medical therapy. Surgery is still the treatment of choice and can be performed by the conventional or laparoscopic approach. However, hydatid cysts may present with complications such as cysts ruptured into the biliary tract (12%), cysts rupture involving the lung or pleural space (2.2%), cysts ruptured into the peritoneum (1.6%), and cysts ruptured into the digestive tract (0.2%). Acute cholangitis is the most common syndrome, as a result of the presence of the ruptured hydatid cystic contents into the biliary tract. Hence, this review article will focus on the complications of hydatid cyst of liver and its management approach
Gender Issues in Science and Technology
Get PDFThe issue of gender bias in science and technology was extensively raised for a long time and as a result, the entry of women in science and technology got started. However, the participation of women in science is still not in parity of expectation. This issue can be addressed by thorough monitoring, informing, and creating the required working circumstances for women
Prediction of walking Asymmetry using Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters and Guidance for fall risk Prediction or Geriatric Care: Experimental Study for Indian Population
Get PDFGait analysis allows the quantitative assessment of gait to recognize its associated variation and disorders. The reliability of analysis gets augmented when being compared with standard documented normative dataset. The purpose of this study is to establish the spatiotemporal gait parameters for the normative dataset for Indian Population. Eighty healthy subjects aged between 20 and 70 years with no impairments affecting gait, recorded their Footfall on self-selected walking speed on GAITRite® Electronic walkway. Successive ten iteration of Barefoot and Comfortable (specific to person) shoe wear walk are Considered to generate one record. Mean, standard deviation, coefficient of correlation, 95% Confidence Interval, and 95% Prediction Interval are calculated using descriptive statistics. Healthy Gait is often characterized as symmetric to verify, bilateral spatiotemporal parameters are considered and mean, standard Deviation, Variance, and Min-Max ranges are obtained. Chosen Spatial and temporal characteristics are taken into consideration separately to demonstrate role in diverse test cases to get the result. Obtained singular and bilateral ranges are recorded for classification of Symmetry and Asymmetry and based on that algorithm is proposed for identifying Gait Asymmetry. Study of these ranges provides the guideline for geriatric care
Patient’s Perspective on Barriers and Facilitators in Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review
Get PDFObjective: The purpose of this review is to summarize existing knowledge regarding various barriers and facilitators in the management of Type 2 diabetes from the perspective of patients. Method: A comprehensive electronic search was conducted which included three sources PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, and studies from 1997 to 2021 were included. Around 1687 papers were screened and 46 studies were included in the final analysis. Result: Three major areas of barriers and facilitators in Type 2 diabetes management were identified: Individual factors: factors which are emerging due to a patient’s personal ability to take care of type 2 diabetes (adherence to diet, physical activity, self-monitoring of blood glucose, medication adherence, psychological factors: this includes emotional factors, beliefs and attitude of patients. Organizational factors: it includes diabetes education factors, economic constraints and health care provider’s issues and social factors: this includes factors associated with family, friends, and others social issues. Conclusion: Identifying barriers to diabetes management is vital to improve the quality of care of diabetes patients, including the improvement of glycemic control, and diabetes self-management. Further research which considers these barriers and facilitators are necessary for developing interventions for individuals with type 2 diabetes
Do Psychological Fear Factors in the Poor Pregnant Women Lead to Anemia?
Get PDFBackground: Anemia very specifically iron deficiency anemia remains a threat for the women of reproductive thereby increasing the maternal and neonatal mortality. Besides pregnancy depressions, there are a wide range of psychological fears that run in the minds of pregnant women in Rajasthan altering either their eating pattern or affecting their antenatal care and visits which directly or indirectly become a cause for anemia. Objectives: The aim is to identify the psychological fear factors leading to anemia in the target group. Materials and Methods: Questionnaire-based, descriptive study of the pregnant women at Janana Hospital for their antenatal visits and delivery. Description statistics was applied to come to the inferences. Results: It was found that fear of the pandemic, violence by the intimate partner, fear of girl child, and the taunt arising from the mother having no male kept the pregnant women away from the antenatal care which led to a late diagnosis of anemia. Barrenness and occult practices altered their approach to diet which too became a cause for anemia. Mud eating also had an impact on anemia (picca). Conclusion and Recommendation: Psychological factors have a role in causing anemia during pregnancy. Proper education, awareness programs specially in this pandemic period
PSORIASIS - A Mini Review
Get PDFPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory squamous cell disease of papules that is characterized by multiple remissions and relapses. This has long been considered a serious violation of keratinization. The successful use of traditional immune suppressants and new immune modulators in the treatment of psoriasis has led to the belief that psoriasis is, in fact, a disorder of Th1 cell immunodeficiency. Recent developments have led to several new discoveries such as the role of Th17 cells and evidence of skin barrier dysfunction in psoriasis similar to atopic dermatitis. Psoriasis is an atypical, systemic autoimmune disease of unknown cause, mainly affecting the skin, spreading further to the nails and joints and causing arthritis. The treatment protocol should be based on the patient’s condition. People with mild psoriasis can be treated primarily with topical medications, while people with moderate to severe psoriasis can be treated with systemic medications
Role of Glycoinformatics in Biomedical Research: A Review
Get PDFGlycans and their physiological receptors – lectins and glycoconjugates, participate in many crucial biological processes such as cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, adhesion, signaling, differentiation, and development and therefore glycans may serve as identification molecules to the surrounding world. Advancements in the field of glycoinformatics have made it possible to analyze and synthesize glycans, thus helping in production of carbohydrate-based drugs. The results obtained with the use of bioinformatics in the field of study of carbohydrate moieties will be helpful in the treatment of various diseases. Therefore, the present review highlighted the various databases used in the glycoinformatics study and their implications in statistical analysis of glycan databases help to plan glycan synthesis experiments
Re-exploring Saliva as an Analyte in Estimation of Lithium in Stable Bipolar Patients – A Pilot Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in West Bengal
Get PDFBackground: Lithium a frequently prescribed drug in the treatment of bipolar affective disorder, due to its inherent adverse potential and narrow therapeutic index, demands for regular therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Although the term TDM seems to be tedious, the most tedious job is to collect blood samples from patients with psychiatric illness. In this study, we aimed to find out an alternative method to serum lithium monitoring. Although saliva as an analyte is non-popular, the presence of lithium in the saliva in patients who consumes lithium makes procedure of collection easier. The rate of elimination of lithium is slower from saliva than from serum, which makes the concentration of lithium higher in saliva than in blood. Lithium elimination follows two compartment pharmacokinetic models, where important part of compartment is saliva and salivary glands. The trouble of repeated venipuncture can be done away with, if a non-invasive method for serum lithium concentration is taken into consideration. An alternative method of determining lithium level could be saliva. The aim of this study was to find out whether estimation of lithium in saliva can replace serum lithium estimation. Materials and Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 60 stable patients of bipolar disorder attending psychiatry outdoor on lithium therapy for 3 months or more were considered. After informed consent documentation serum and saliva samples were collected after 12 h of last dose of lithium carbonate intake. Assessment was done based on atomic absorption spectrometry. After statistical analysis, it was found that that there is a correlation between serum and saliva lithium level. The 60 patients were divided into two groups, consisting of 30 patients each. Linear regression was done in both the groups thereby the formula obtained from the first group, was utilized to calculate the saliva concentration form serum concentration. The mean values were compared at the last. Results: The mean serum lithium obtained was 0.99 ± 0.257 SD (mEq/L) and mean salivary lithium obtained was 1.63 ± 0.51 SD (mEq/L) in Group 1. Whereas, the mean serum lithium obtained was 0.79 ± 0.26 SD (mEq/L) and mean salivary lithium obtained was 1.67 ± 0.49 SD (mEq/L) in group 2. Lithium concentration from both the samples showed a positive correlation as obtained from the scatter plot. Conclusion: Salivary Li estimation seems to yield positive results, yet more research should be done in this regard. Since saliva method for estimation is non-invasive, the idea could be utilized in designing other device
Cough-induced Diaphragmatic and Abdominal Hernia in an Asthma Patient – A Case Report
Get PDFThe list of complications of coughing is very long. Chronic cough as in asthma can affect every system in our body such as cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, neurological, musculoskeletal, and diaphragm. We report a case of 46-year-old male patient who was suffering from asthma for the past 15 years with occasional violent coughing. The X-ray of that patient was suggestive of pleural effusion which was misleading. A computed tomography scan of the thorax and the abdomen revealed the presence of diaphragmatic and abdominal hernia. The patient had no other history which can contribute to diaphragmatic injury except chronic cough. We found a chronic uncontrolled cough complicated with diaphragmatic and abdominal wall hernia
Varied Exercise Regimen and its Impact on Glucose Control among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients: A Systematic Review
Get PDFObjectives: Systematic evaluation of study varied exercise regimen impact on Hemoglobin A1C and fasting blood glucose (FG) for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in which age ranged from 30 to 88 years. Design: Systematic review, qualitative aspects of analysis followed guideline as per Cochrane handbook for systematic review of intervention and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Data sources: The 23 randomized controlled trails out of 237 studies paper English language only on Web of Science and PubMed database, as where search place search term used since May 2018 and still April 2019. Results: The articles showed that implementation varied exercise regimen of physical exercise consisted aerobic, resistance, both combine form, walking, and endurance based as high-intensity interval training and co-intervention of low calorie diet, medicine, education counseling, and training supervision impose motivation and proper guideline could be glycosylated hemoglobin and FG reduction about type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Conclusion: Varied exercise regimen of physical activity, specifically combine exercise such as endurance based aerobic and resisted exercise could be treated with pure medication to reduce glucose level in type 2 diabetes patients mellitus, managed along with lifestyle change the prolong time risk factors