Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
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Formulation and Evaluation of Indapamide Hemihydrate Sustained Release Tablets
Get PDFThe aim of the study is to formulate and to evaluate the indapamide SR tablet for the treatment of hypertension. Literature survey shows that indapamide is an anti-hypertensive and diuretic drug. The drug has been released up to 6–15 h, after taken orally. These tablets are absorbed into the systemic circulation and blood level shows the considerable peak of drug. It has been formulated as sustained release form for the betterment of therapeutic index and for maintaining constant blood levels. From the study, it has been concluded that HPMC shows the best results for the extending the release of drug. Wet granulation method is used for the preparation of these tablets. The compatibility study for optimized formulation shows satisfactory results. The evaluation of tablets was done for the hardness, friability, weight variation, thickness, drug content, in vitro buoyancy study, swelling index, in vitro dissolution studies, and stability study
Epidemiological Characteristics of COVID-19 among the Individuals from Nasik District, Maharashtra
Get PDFBackground: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID 19) pandemic has created havoc around the world. All states of India, including Maharashtra, are severely affected by this viral infection. In Maharashtra, various regions including Mumbai, Pune and Nasik are largely affected due to this pandemic. Objectives: To study the epidemiological characteristic of COVID-19 Individuals from the Nasik district. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional e-survey was conducted to study the epidemiological characteristics of COVID-19 individuals from and around Nasik. A random sampling method was adopted. Information from the individuals was collected in the form of a questionnaire, which was shared among 300 individuals, out of these 253 responses were received. Data analysis was done using Chi-square method. Results: Of 253 individuals, 90 (35.57%) were found to be COVID positive. Majority (50%) of them belonged to the age group 40–60 years. Among those tested positive, 83 (92.2%) individuals were symptomatic while, 7 (7.8%) were asymptomatic. Of 90 COVID positive individuals, 39 (43.3%) individuals with pre-COVID comorbidities showed severe symptoms and were hospitalized, while those without any comorbidity showed mild symptoms and were home quarantined, (Odds ratio = 15.88,95% confidence interval = 5.6–44.95, P < 0.0001). Post COVID symptoms, particularly diabetes and Mucormycosis, were developed among 8.8% and 1.1% individuals, respectively. Conclusion: Severity of illness was associated with comorbidity, among majority of the patients
Physical and Anthropometric Comparison of Selected Team Games University Players
Get PDFThe purpose of the study was to compare the Anthropometric measurements and physical fitness components among team games. The subject for this study were forty-five (n = 45) male players in which fifteen of were handball sports, and remaining fifteen-fifteen were of Basketball and Volleyball sports. The subjects selected for the study were all India university players. The variables selected for the study under Anthropometric measurements were shoulder width, arm length, elbow breadth, waist circumference, calf circumference, and leg length whereas physical fitness components were speed, agility, explosive leg strength, and flexibility. All three selected groups were assessed for the anthropometric measurements as well as the physical variables required for the comparison using standardized procedure recommended by established literature. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences and the descriptive statistics were expressed as mean (SD) and standard deviation for each variable, while ANOVA test was applied to compare the groups on the basis of selected parameters. The results showed no significant difference in all selected anthropometric as well as the physical parameters except flexibility (F = 3.709; P = 0.033) at 0.05 alpha level and the researcher concluded on the basis of results that because of symmetricity in movement patterns in the court as well as the same nature of activity and anthropometric similarity (Height) did not create much difference in all selected anthropometrical and physical performance parameters while comparing handball, basketball, and volleyball players all together
Emulgel - A Novel Advance for Skin Disease
Get PDFA topically applied drug delivery system is used for the direct approach of drugs into the general circulation of the skin. There are many dosage forms to treat dermatological diseases. In that emulgels are recent attention to the scientist, because it has features of both gel and emulsion control release drug delivery system. When gel and emulsion get homogenized together that term is mentioned as emulgel. It is incorporated as a current novel drug delivery system used for topical drug delivery. Emulgels have dual control release mechanism because of the combined features of gel and emulsion. These are either oil-in-water or water-in-oil systems that form a gel-like structure using a polymer called gelling agents. Mixing of gel into emulsion leads to the stable formulation. This novel advance is used for the broad range of active pharmaceutical ingredient molecules mostly for the hydrophobic drug which has less solubility in water. Due to its greaseless texture, it has good patient compliance. Mostly, analgesic and antifungal drugs were introduced into emulgel formulation
A Review on Diagnostic Reference Levels for Adult Patients Undergoing Chest (Coronary Angiography) Computed Tomography Scan in North-East India
Get PDFIn the radiological department, the computed tomography (CT) scan process has become a greater radiation dosage that contributes to all medical X-ray treatments. Many studies throughout the world have found that CT accounts for just 5% of all operations conducted yet accounts for 34% of yearly radiation exposures in all medical X-ray treatments. Similarly, other studies have found that CT accounts for 17% of all operations conducted worldwide but accounts for 49% of total yearly doses in all medical X-ray treatments. Because diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) are one of the ways of optimizing a dose in a CT procedure, the goal of this review is to provide a DRLs for adults who undergo chest and abdomen CT scan examinations in northern India, based on research for this region and comparing with international values to see if better optimization protocol is being practiced. DRLs for the chest are 18.35mGy for CT dose index volume (CTDIvol) and 765 mGy.cm for dose length product (DLP), according to this review, while DRLs for the abdomen are 18.25 mGy and 1870.75 mGy.cm for CTDI (vol) and DLP, respectively. As a result, all of the DRLs examined had greater values than the international values compared, with the exception of CTDI (vol) of International Commission on Radiological Protection 2007 publications. CT technology is in desperate need of an update. In the northern region, optimizing methods, including exposure and technical parameter selection, should reduce dose fluctuations
Impact of Covid-19 on Active Lifestyle, Physical Activity Behaviour and Physical Fitness of Adult Male Sportsmen of Delhi
Get PDFIntroduction:- The spread of COVID 19 infection led to nationwide lockdown and posed many difficulties for people to perform physical activities. Statement of Problem: The present study focuses on the impact of this COVID virus & precautionary lockdown on the physical activity behavior, active lifestyle and physical fitness of adult male sportsmen of Delhi. Methodology: 500 sportsmen from all over Delhi were chosen through convenience sampling technique, who were actively participating in sports & physical activities pre lockdown phase and their responses were recorded through a self-constructed questionnaire that consisted of 14 questions related to active lifestyle, physical activity routine pre & post lockdown, condition of their physical fitness & their views regarding future. Data Analysis:- The data collected was analyzed through descriptive statistics. Results: The results thus obtained revealed that the subjects emphasized on the active lifestyle, the fitness levels were affected adversely due to lockdown because of various reasons discussed in the paper. The results also revealed that although it was a great learning to perform physical activities through digital platform, but it should not be emphasized over traditional training methodology and the way to proceed in the future is the old way
How widespread is Thyroid Disorders among Patients undergoing Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting? A Study from Tertiary Care Hospital
Get PDFCoronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is the most commonly performed cardiac procedure and thyroid disorders (hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism) are the most widespread endocrine diseases. Till date, there is no Indian study pertaining to prevalence of thyroid disorders among subjects undergoing CABG. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders among subjects undergoing CABG in a tertiary care hospital. This is a prospective observational hospital-based study having 560 subjects who underwent CABG. Pre-operative thyroid tests were conducted of all the subjects. On the basis of this test, subjects were divided into groups, “Euthyroid” (normal thyroid status) and Thyroid subjects, that is, Subclinical Hypothyroidism (SCHypo), Overt Hypothyroidism (OVHypo), Subclinical Hyperthyroidism (SCHyper), and Overt Hyperthyroidism (OVHyper), based on thyroid function test. The proportion of the disorders was calculated. The study population included 560 subjects (Males: 457 females: 103). The overall prevalence of thyroid function abnormalities was 41.07%. The SCHypo was the most pervasive thyroid disorder (33.75%), followed by SCHyper (4.28%), OVHypo (2.32%), and OVHyper (0.7%). Highest number of thyroid subject (57.8%) was in 40–59 age group and lowest (0.86%) in 18–39. Thyroid was more prevalent among females (45/103) than in males (185/457). Among subjects undergoing CABG, SCHypo was most common followed by SCHyper, OVHypo, and OVHyper. Among the subjects undergoing CABG, maximum thyroid cases are in the age group of 60–79 with female preponderance
Heart Rate Recovery in Sedentary and Physically Active Individuals
Get PDFIntroduction: Slow heart recovery after an exercise test is associated with an increased risk of all-cause mortality. An abnormal value for the recovery of heart rate (HR) was defined as a reduction of 12 beats per minute or less from the HR at peak exercise. The following study was taken up to assess the HR and blood pressure of the individuals with physically active lifestyle versus sedentary lifestyle. This research study was aimed to study the difference in HR recovery in response to 3-min step test between sedentary group and physically active group within age group of 18–24 years. Methodology: Forty-five healthy subjects were divided into two groups sedentary and physically active. Each participant was subjected to YMCA 3-min step test, and their pre- and post-readings for HR were noted. Heart rate recovery in 1 min (HRR1) and in 2 min (HRR2) after step test was noted. These parameters were, thus, compared in two groups statistically. Results: Significant difference in HRR1 and HRR2 was found in between physically active group and sedentary group. It was also found that time taken for the HR to recover to resting HR was delayed in sedentary group than physically active group. Conclusion: On the basis of the results found in present study, there is a significant difference between physically active and sedentary individuals, for HR recovery
Differences in Mental and Physical Health-related Quality of Life of Older Adults in Goa
Get PDFResearch Background: With a rise in population aging, there is a need for our older adults to be physically fit and mentally alert, as this affects their life’s quality. Objective: The goal of this study is to analyze significant differences in the mental and physical health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of the aged in Goa, due to various factors. Methods: A total of 500 senior citizens (aged 60 and above) residing in their private houses as well as in homes for the aged were selected using multistage sampling. The Short Form Health Survey (SF-36) helped in measuring the HRQOL of the senior adults. Calculations of means, frequencies, standard deviations, analysis of variance, and t-tests were done. Results and Conclusion: The mental health summary (Mean = 60.94) was slightly higher than the physical one (Mean = 57.12). Female older adults, who were married, had higher education, and lived in urban areas and with family members, demonstrated better mental and physical HRQOL
Ethnobotanical Plants of Phumdi, Loktak Lake, Manipur, India
Get PDFLoktak is the largest natural freshwater lake in the North-Eastern region of India playing an important role in the ecological and economic security of the region. It is also known for “Phumdi,” a heterogeneous mass of soil, vegetation and organic matter at various stages of decomposition. For the fishing purposes, local communities make a ring with “Phumdi” mass called “Athaphum” measuring 500 ft in diameter, a traditional practice popular since last 200 years. It is further interesting to report that these also harbor a rich flora of medicinal herbs. Keeping the importance of its medicinal wealth, an attempt was made to survey 20 different “Athaphum” of the lake to explore and document the diversity of medicinal plants of the fresh water lake. Extensive floristic survey in the study area revealed the occurrence of over 89 plant species in and around “Athaphum” and “Phumdis.” Among them, five plants (Blumea mollis, Ludwigia repens, Rumex nepalensis, Oenanthe javanica, and Carex riparia) were selected for phytochemical screening to validate their therapeutic claims. All the selected plants were found to be enriched with phenolic compounds. On the basis of their ethnobotanical claims and results of phytochemical analysis, R. nepalensis and O. javanica could be recommended as potential nutraceutical for being a popular food plant among the local inhabitants