Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
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Sonoelastography in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Get PDFBackground of the Study: It is an imaging technology sensitive to tissue stiffness that was first described in the 1990s. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly common in Western nations of the world. It is the most common form of chronic liver disease, affecting about one-quarter of the population, in the United States. Materials and Methods: Prospective studies of 100 patients with clinical impression of alcoholic were examined by Philips ultrasound imaging. Results: A total of 100 patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were included in the study. The age range of patients was from 18 years to elderly with male predominance, male 64 (64%), and female 36 (36%). Conclusion: In this study, a non-invasive and cost-effective technique, without any radiation hazards, to measure the elastic property of liver tissue using ultrasound imaging modality called as sonoelastography in Indian population for assessment of disease severity and grading of NAFLD
An Ayurvedic Approach on Oral Submucous Fibrosis and its Management – A Review
Get PDFIntroduction: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is an insidious chronic disease characterized by a juxta epithelial inflammatory reaction, fibroelastic changes in the lamina propria, epithelial atrophy, trismus, and recurrent glossitis attacks. It is one of the most prevalent premalignant diseases in India. These days, OSMF is becoming more popular. A study on OSMF and its management according to the Ayurveda values more in the scientific field because Ayurveda’s main focus is on maintaining and promoting health care. Aim and Objectives: The aim of the study was to gain a better understanding of OSMF and its relationship to Sarvasara Mukharoga in Ayurveda. Materials and Methods: The contents of this article are based on modern medicine textbooks as well as Ayurvedic Samhitas. Clinical research published in both indexed and non-indexed journals was also consulted to obtain relevant content. Results: According to the Lakshanas described by Bruhatrayi, OSMF can be equated symptomatically with the Sarvasara Mukharoga. In the event of OSMF, the management of Sarvasara Mukharoga should be applied. Conclusion: On the basis of signs and symptoms, OSMF can be correlated with Sarvasara Mukharoga. Early treatment of OSMF using Ayurvedic medications and the cessation of habits helps in the easy cure of the disease
Protective Effects of Lantana camara (aculeata) in Rheumatoid arthritis using in vitro and in vivo Complete Freund’s Adjuvant induced arthritis in rats
Get PDFThe main objective of the present work is to evaluate the potential of Lantana camara (aculeata) for anti-arthritic activity using in vitro and in vivo study. L. camara is an important medicinal, ornamental, and essential oil-producing herb from family Verbenaceae. Different parts of L. camara have been used for the treatment of various human ailments such as itches, cuts, ulcers, swellings, bilious fever, eczema, tetanus, malaria, tumor, rheumatism, and headache. The anti-arthritic activities of pet ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of L. camara were initially evaluated using in vitro model of arthritis. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts were found to be better among all the extract in in vitro study and hence subjected for further in vivo anti-arthritic study using complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) model in rats for 28 days. Both the extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg were evaluated in rats for different parameters. The paw volume displacement, changes in body weight, arthritic index, alteration in serum biomarker, alteration in hematological parameters, secondary lesions changes as noticed from the radiograph, and histopathology study were measured as a mark of antiarthritic activity. The results indicate that L. camara protects rats remarkably against the primary and secondary arthritic lesions, body weight changes, serum biomarker changes, radiological, histopathological, and hematological perturbations induced by CFA in dose-dependent manner. However, the effect of the ethanolic extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg was more significant, superior, and pronounced than aqueous extract and also it is comparable to the standard drug
Phytochemical Characterization and in vitro Antioxidant, in vitro Antidiabetic Activity of Manilkara hexandra Seed Extract
Get PDFManilkara hexandra (Roxb.) Dubard is a large evergreen tree species widely distributed throughout India and other countries and belongs to family Sapotaceae. Conventionally, the entire plant has been used for the treatment of various diseases. The present study has been carried out for identification of its bioactive constituents by high resolution-liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (HR-LC-QTOF-MS) and evaluation of in vitro antioxidant and in vitro antidiabetic activity of the methanolic extract of the seeds of the plant. Twenty-eight bioactive compounds from the methanolic extract of Manilkara hexandra seeds (MEMH) were identified using HR-LC-QTOF-MS. In vitro antioxidant activity of MEMH was evaluated using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl, nitric oxide, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays and the IC50 values for MEMH were found to be similar to standard drug. In vitro antidiabetic activity was also evaluated using anti α-amylase and anti-α-glucosidase assays and the IC50 values for MEMH were found to be good as compare to standard drugs. The compounds identified by HR-LC-MS partly explain the various therapeutic effects of the seeds of the plant. Thus, it can be concluded that MEMH is rich in bioactive phytochemicals and possesses potential antidiabetic and antioxidant activity
Effect of Psychological Skill Training on Selected Performance Variables among Hockey Players
Get PDFThe purpose of the study was to examine the changes on selected performance variables in response to psychological skills training among college hockey players. The effect of psychological skills training on chosen performance characteristics among college hockey players was anticipated to cause significant variations. Thirty male college hockey players from Thiruvalluvar University’s Affiliated Colleges in Vellore jurisdiction, Tamil Nadu, were chosen at random for this study. Their ages varied from 18 to 25 years. The present study used a pre-posttest random group design with a control and experimental group. Subjective ratings were used to evaluate performance characteristics. The participants were divided into two equal groups of 15, Group “A” and Group “B.” Group “A” received psychological skills training, while Group “B” received no such instruction. The data were collected before and after 12 weeks of training. The data were analyzed by applying dependent “t”-test. The level of significance was set at 0.05. The psychological skills training had positive impact on hit and flick among college hockey players
Prachhan Karma with Lepa and Shirodhara – An Effective Treatment of Indralupta – A Case Study
Get PDFHairs play an important role in personality and always remained the center of attraction. Beautiful hairs are considered as parameter of beauty, people are very conscious about hair, and they are always in search of good remedy for maintaining their hairs. Indralupta (Alopecia Areata) is acquired skin aliment that can affect all the hair bearing skin including scalp, beard which is characterized by localized areas of non-scarring hair loss which can be compared with Alopecia Areata. Hair loss is one of the most common problem people faces, the cause of being today’s lifestyle. The prevalence rate of Alopecia Areata is 0.7% in India.[1] Modern medication (steroids and minoxidil) has adverse effects such as drowsiness, dizziness, vomiting and continuous intake of steroid leads to diabetes, hypertension, and osteoporosis. Many curative and preventive steps are mentioned in Ayurveda by Acharya Sushruta such as Nasya (instillation of medicine by nostrils), Rasayana (path of essence), Murdha taila, Siravedha (bloodletting by puncturing), Prachhan, Lepan (pack), and Shiroabhyanga. Snehan (oil Massage), Swedan (sweating), Shaman, and Shodhana chikitsa told by Sushruta for Indralupta. Among these, Prachhan karma helps to stimulate the hair follicles. Prachhan karma (bloodletting by puncturing), followed by Lepa (pack) and Shirodhara (medicated liquid flow over head) with medicine having Keshya, Balya, and rejuvenating property gives good results in Indralupta. Due to limitation and side effects of minoxidil and steroids some safe and effectual medication from other medical science are expected. Here is a case of Indralupta (Alopecia Areata) successfully treated with Prachhan karma followed by Lepa and Shirodhara with Ayurvedic Medicine
In-vitro Antioxidant Capacity of Leaves of Tephrosia villosa Linn. (Leguminosae) in Various Solvent Extract
Get PDFIntroduction: Leaves of Tephrosia villosa belonging to the family fabaceae being used for the treatment of dropsy and diabetes. The present research work was under taken to investigate the in-vitro antioxidant activity of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, methanol, and water extracts. Methods: In vitro antioxidant activities were carried out for six solvent extracts such as T. villosa leaf petroleum ether extract, T. villosa leaf chloroform extract, T. villosa leaf ethylacetate extract, T. villosa leaf ethanol extract, T. villosa leaf methanol extract, and T. villosa leaf water extract by standard methods. Five various antioxidant methods such as DPPH radical scavenging ability, superoxide radical scavenging potential, ABTS scavenging capacity, metal chelating ability, and reducing power assay (FRAP) were estimated. Results: Further investigation was carried out for in-vitro antioxidant activity and radical scavenging assay by calculating its % inhibition by means of IC50 values, all the extracts concentration has been adjusted to come under the linearity range and here reference standards ascorbic acid has been taken for the method suitability. Conclusion: The results revealed that leaves of this plant have antioxidant potential. Among these results, methenolic and water extract has more potent than the other extract. T. villosa Linn. (Fabaceae) leaves possess the antioxidant substance which may be potential responsible for the treatment of oxidative stress related diseases
Analysis of Oral rehydration Salt Citrate Drink on Selected Physiological Variables of Endurance Athlete
Get PDFIntroduction: Endurance is the ability to do something for long period of time without fatigue. Proper body electrolyte balance is most important during any endurance activities. Aim of the study: The purpose of this study was to analyze Oral Rehydration Salt Citrate (ORS) drink on physiological variables of endurance athlete. Methodology: Ten females aged between 18 and 25 years athletes from LNIPE, Gwalior were selected for this study. Physiological variables were body weight, total body water (TBW), total body potassium (TBK), plasma fluid, and mineral and performance was taken as another variable. Data Analysis: It was found that intake of ORS before and during the endurance activity was better than the plain water or nothing. Result: It also found that TBW, minerals, plasma fluid, and TBK reduction were less after intake of ORS and result of less electrolyte reduction leads to better performance
Formulation and Evaluation of Nimodipine Tablets Using Solid Dispersion Technique
Get PDFThe present study is an attempt to develop immediate release tablets of Nimodipine using solid dispersion technique to achieve rapid release in GIT which might result in enhanced absorption and thereby improved bioavailability. Various batches of Nimodipine solid dispersion (SD1-SD6) were prepared using fusion method, solvent evaporation and combination of these two methods (melt evaporation method/melting solvent method). PEG 6000 and PVP K30 were used as polymeric carrier in (drug: carrier) 1:1 ratio for all the formulations. Docusate sodium was used as surfactant in 0.025% to 0.085%. Drug-excipients interactions were carried out for pure drug and optimized formulations using FTIR studies. Six batches of Nimodipine immediate release tablets (F1 to F6) were developed by wet granulation method using its solid dispersion. Crospovidone was selected as super disintegrant and acetone as an organic solvent. All the batches of immediate release tablets were evaluated for different pre-compression and post-compression parameters including stability study of the optimized formulation. Among all formulations, F6 prepared by melt evaporation method with a high surfactant content showed the greatest drug release (101.49% ± 0.31%). The stability studies (formulation F6) showed there was no major differences in physical parameters and was stable even after a period of 3 months. % CDR of the accelerated time stability batch was 94.41% ± 0.265% of its content in 30 min which is showing immediate release and the drug content of the same stability batch was 99.87% ± 0.119%
Protective Effects of Lantana camera (aculeata) in Rheumatoid Arthritis Using In Vitro and In Vivo Complete Freund’s Adjuvant Induced Arthritis in Rats
Get PDFThe main objective of the present work is to evaluate the potential of Lantana camera (aculeata) for anti-arthritic activity using in vitro and in vivo study. Lantana camara is an important medicinal, ornamental and essential oil-producing herb from family Verbenaceae. Different parts of L. camara have been used for the treatment of various human ailments such as itches, cuts, ulcers, swellings, bilious fever, eczema, tetanus, malaria, tumor, rheumatism, and headache. The anti-arthritic activities of pet ether, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous extracts of L. camera were initially evaluated using in vitro model of arthritis. The ethanolic and aqueous extracts were found to be better among all the extract in in vitro study and hence subjected for further in vivo anti-arthritic study using complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) model in rats for 28 days. Both the extracts at 200 and 400 mg/kg were evaluated in rats for different parameters. The paw volume displacement, changes in body weight, arthritic index, alteration in serum biomarker, alteration in hematological parameters, secondary lesions changes as noticed from the radiograph and histopathology study were measured as a mark of antiarthritic activity. The results indicate that L.camera protects rats remarkably against the primary and secondary arthritic lesions, body weight changes, serum biomarker changes, radiological, histopathological, and hematological perturbations induced by CFA in dose-dependent manner. However, the effect of ethanolic extract at the dose of 400 mg/kg was more significant, superior, and pronounced than aqueous extract and also it is comparable to the standard drug