Asian Pacific Journal of Health Sciences
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Quality of Life among Senior Adults across Gender Residing in Lucknow City
Get PDFBackground: The quality of life among senior adults is an important area of concern which reflects the health status and well-being this vulnerable group. Objectives: The aim of the present investigation was to study the quality of life among senior adults. Methods: The study was conducted on a purposive random sampling of 120 respondents who were selected from Lucknow city in the age ranging from 65 to more than 75 years of which 67 men and 53 women. (OPQOL-35) “Older People’s Quality of Life” questionnaire which is prepared by A Bowling was used to measure the quality of life, the questionnaire was administered. The data were coded, tabulated, and analyzed. The data obtained were subjected to statistical analyzed using mean, frequency percentage, F test, and χ2 test using SPSS (version 20.0). Results: The finding of the study revealed that majority of respondents has good and alright quality of life. The result also revealed that there was no significant difference between quality of life of respondents across gender
Screening for Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Patients with Cough Attending Different Block Public Health Centre of North Bank of Kamrup District of Assam, India: Does Location, Gender and Duration of Cough Impact on Screening?
Get PDFIndia has 2.64 million tuberculosis (TB) cases, and this number is almost 30% of the worldwide TB burden. The aim of the study was to find out whether there is a relationship between the prevalence of TB cases with respect to gender, duration of cough and location. In this study, sputum samples were collected from the patients who reported cough in outdoor patient departments. All sputum samples were examined microscopically. Age, gender, and location-wise data were prepared for study. During the study period, total 37119 presumptive patients were attended outpatient department and 1103 (2.97%) presumptive patients reported cough. Out of 1103 presumptive cases, 5.98% were found to be sputum positive. The occurrence was highest among male patients (73.1%). The age group 16–30 years was found to be the most vulnerable one. Duration of cough was not found to be a significant factor for sputum positive pulmonary TB. However, there was a locality-wise difference in detection (P < 0.05). The findings suggested that cough reported for any duration should be brought under TB screening. Although the data showed that the occurrence of TB was maximum in male patients, female TB patients should also be brought under thorough investigation. In locations showing significant TB cases, targeted interventions should be initiated by government and non-government agencies to detect the root cause
Electromyography Based Analysis of the Impact of Ageing on Muscle Activation Pattern during Static and Dynamic Balance Control Tasks: A Systematic Review
Get PDFThe present systematic review was done, to examine the impact of aging on posture control mechanisms in terms of muscle activity and sway patterns. English language articles describing effects of aging on muscle activation pattern during balance control tasks using electromyography methods published from 2000 to 2019 were identified. Studies were compared with regards to study population, postural tasks, perturbations, muscle inclusion, and outcome measures. All the included studies (N-9) exhibited increased postural sway among elderly in contrast to young population. In contrast, inconsistency was observed in the muscle activation pattern, muscle dependency, and muscle co-contractions among the studies. Altogether, the findings of the review suggest that the aging causes alterations in muscle activity in order to maintain balance during challenging situations; however, the studies do not elucidate these changes across the ages
Cystic Artery: Incidental Variation of Origin
Get PDFOn the basis of origin, variation of cystic artery is commonly found. Commonly, cystic artery originates from the right hepatic artery and rare condition from celiac trunk. The position of the cystic artery possesses extraordinary importance for the surgeon during cholecystectomy, because the cystic artery is the primary structure to be clipped or tie up during cholecystectomy. In this study, during cadaveric dissection incidentally found rarest condition that cystic artery originating from celiac trunk. These anatomical findings are much important for surgical and radiological aspect and may be helpful for surgeons during the performance of surgeries involving hepatic and biliary apparatus
Beneficial Effects of Soy Isoflavones on Blood Pressure and Lipid Profile in Indian Postmenopausal Women
Get PDFBackground: The studies have suggested that dietary isoflavones intake in postmenopausal women had protective role against cardiovascular disease (CVD). Objectives: This study ascertained the effect of isoflavone in the form of soyflour on lipid profiles and blood pressure (BP) in postmenopausal women diagnosed with medium risk of CVD. Materials and Methods: It was a 16-week placebo controlled trial that was conducted on 60 postmenopausal women aged 45–55 years. Participants in the treatment group were provided with 40 g soyflour/day for 16 weeks. The participants in the control group were asked not to change their usual dietary habits and lifestyles and were instructed to avoid taking soybean and soybean products. The changes in BP and blood lipid profile were measured at baseline and at the end of the study. Results: There were non-significant differences in any of the variables between two groups at baseline. Biochemical results indicated the beneficial effect of intervention in significantly reducing systolic (6.28%) and diastolic (4.73%) BP of the treatment group. It also exhibited an effective role in significantly (P < 0.05) reducing the serum cholesterol (17.29%), triglyceride (22.22%), low density lipoprotein (24.53%), very low density lipoprotein (22.21%), and significantly increasing the high density lipoprotein (13.55%) in the treatment group. Conclusion: The study indicates that daily administration of 40g soyflour for 16 weeks improved the BP and lipid profile of postmenopausal subjects
Comparison of Use of Concentrated Saliva with Serial Dilution Method in Determination of Candida Colonies in Oral Samples
Get PDFFungal infections have been commonly observed in the oral cavity with the most common being Candida albicans but with time, new species of candida have been observed and isolated from the oral cavity. Identification of new strains is necessary not only because of their ability to cause infection but also due to their susceptibility toward antifungal agents. The use of concentrated saliva or serial dilution method has been used for these culture tests, with each method having its own advantage and disadvantage. Hence, the aim of the study was to quantitatively analyze effectiveness of both these methods on samples from the oral cavity
Study of Health Awareness Status among Diabetes Patients in Eastern India: A Relationship between Demographic and Socioeconomic Profiles along with Biochemical and Obesity Parameters
Get PDFAim: The present study evaluates the health awareness status of diabetes mellitus (DM) between urban and rural patients of eastern India related to demographic and socioeconomic status, biochemical profiles, and obesity parameter. Materials and Methods: We have randomly selected the data of 50 patients, minimum of 25 years of age and maximum age of 78 years among females (29 nos.) and males (21 nos.), who visited the endocrinology outpatient department of the hospital in Kolkata from the urban and rural area. All the data have been collected from clinical records and questionnaire survey to know health awareness among DM. Results: The frequencies (%) of demographic and socioeconomic status in urban (58%) and rural (42%) population were indicated that the female population was higher of about 65.52% from the urban area while lower of about 34.48% from the rural area. The biochemical profiles, namely, fasting blood glucose, PPBG and glycated hemoglobin, and body mass index were obtained higher value in the urban compared to rural patients. Regarding awareness, the urban patients were found more aware than the rural subjects (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05). Conclusion: The present study concludes that demographic and socioeconomic status may influence the prevalence of DM in urban subjects compared to a rural group. Interestingly, higher awareness was obtained in patients of urban area compared to the rural area. Moreover, this is a preliminary study, and the future study is suggested with more numbers of samples for the awareness and management practice of DM prevalence
Vegetarian Diets: Conceptualization Health Outcomes, Nutritional Concerns, and Explicit Features – An Indian Perspective
Get PDFVegetarian has its origin in the Latin word “vigitore” meaning “to give strength and health.” Modern concise Oxford dictionary defines a vegetarian to be “a person who doesn’t eat meat or fish for moral, religious, or health reasons.” Vegetarianism has very ancient roots and its history comprises many diverse characters and events. The practice has been apparent in many cultures all over the world. In Asia, particularly India, absenteeism from meat was the core of early religious philosophies such as Hinduism, Brahmanism, Zoroastrianism, and Jainism. With time and scientific advancements, there were a greater understanding and linking of vegetarian diets with health apart from its association with religion and spiritual contexts. There exist many differences between an Indian vegetarian diet and a Western vegetarian diet. Some of the prominent features of which are lower intake of fruits and vegetables, high-carbohydrate and high-glycemic diets, higher intake of milk and milk products, quality and nature of fat, and snacking behavior
Antibacterial Activity of Justicia betonica Linn.
Get PDFJusticia betonica L., (Acanthaceae) is widely used as a traditional folk medicinal herb. Conventionally, the plant is used to cure constipation, diarrhea, malaria, pain, stomach ache, vomiting, etc. The plant possesses many therapeutic uses such as analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, and antimicrobial properties. The present work has been designed to document the ethnomedicinal properties, phytochemistry, and antibacterial activity of J. betonica. Phytochemical results showed that the presence of wide variety of biologically active compounds such as flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and phenolic compounds. Antibacterial activity showed that the inhibition was observed with the individual extracts and was effective against all bacterial strains tested. The present study highlights the importance of J. betonica
Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Local Population of Indore According to IDF Criteria
Get PDFAbdominal obesity, insulin resistance, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia, all being non-communicable diseases (NCD) are the major health issues of the modern world. Present day has led to these pathological conditions known as metabolic syndrome. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome(MeS) greatly increases in urban population. The syndrome includes cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, and thyroid abnormalities. A cross-sectional survey was conducted for the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among 438 participants of Indore, Madhya Pradesh India. A pre-designed questionnaire was used to collect data, including demographic information; anthropometric and biochemical parameters from their medical reports. Using criteria of International Diabetes Federation (IDF), MetS was seen in 43.3% of subjects with a mean age of 50.53 yr consisting of 55% males and 45% females. The age-specific prevalence of MetS was observed more in the older group.Physical inactivity was found to be the major causative factor for this MetS. It can be improved by encouraging the patients to adopt a healthy lifestyle with the emphasis on regular physical activity and modifications of food habits