International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology (IJARIT)
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Experimental study of chaotic flow and mixing of Newtonian fluid in a rotating arc-wall mixer
No full textInternational audienceIn order to mix highly viscous fluids with minimal energetic input, a new active in-line mixer has been developed in our previous study (El Omari et al., Phys. Rev. Fluids, 2021 [18]). Based on the principle of mixing by chaotic advection, we present in this paper an experimental characterisation of chaotic mixing of Newtonian fluid flows, at low Reynolds number. First, the flow is characterized using velocity field measurements. Distinct flow topologies are detected in the flow. The trajectories of the fluid particles are computed and show the generation of complex structures in the flow. Residence time distributions reveal that the fluid particles spend more time in the mixer under favorable controlling conditions. Finite size Lyapunov exponents are calculated and indicate that the flow is more chaotic for these conditions. Next, the mixing patterns are visualized and showed that the mixing is more homogeneous under the same favorable conditions for which the fluid particles are sufficiently subjected to the stretching and folding mechanism
L'effet du passage à la retraite sur l'emploi du temps des retraités
No full textInternational audienceDans cet article nous estimons l'effet du passage à la retraite sur l'emploi du temps des individus. Le départ à la retraite rend disponible une grande quantité de temps qui était auparavant consacrée au travail. Cela va notamment affecter le temps dévoué aux loisirs, aux travaux domestiques, ainsi que le temps consacré aux repas et au sommeil. Le cadre statistique adopté dans cette étude est celui de la régression dans la discontinuité. Nous utilisons le saut constaté dans la probabilité de départ à la retraite à soixante ans, l'âge légale minimum pour partir à la retraite en France, pour mesurer l'impact du départ à la retraite sur l'emploi du temps des retraités. La retraite se traduit par plus de temps consacré aux tâches ménagères, au sommeil, aux loisirs et aux repas. L'amplitude des effets peut varier entre les hommes et les femmes. Le temps dévoué aux tâches domestiques augmente davantage pour les hommes retraités que pour les femmes retraitées. Cependant, cette augmentation ne suffit pas à combler l'écart de travail non-rémunéré entre les genres
Soil supplementation with Si, B and Zn and their synergetic effects in reducing severity of wheat blast (Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum)
Get PDFWheat blast (Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum) in Bangladesh and South America is recognized as one major limiting factor of wheat production. Its control using chemical pesticides raises concerns about food safety and pesticide resistance, which have dictated the need for alternative blast management approach, nutrient supplementation could be an ecofriendly alternative. Experiments were carried out under confined net house condition for two consecutive cropping seasons. Single doses of the nutrients (Si, B and Zn) were incorporated during soil preparation. Plants of the wheat blast susceptible variety BARI Gom-26 were inoculated with spores (1 x 107 spores ml-1) of Magnaporthe oryzae Triticum at blast vulnerable pre-heading stage of 52 days age. Typical wheat blast symptoms of spike bleaching from top to downward appeared on sight 14 days after inoculation i.e., 66 days age of the crop. Incidence and severity of blast bleaching of spike were scored for four times starting from 68 days age @ three day’s interval. None of the nutrients could stop the incidence of blast on wheat; however, some nutrients reduced the blast incidence significantly. Solo application of Si, B and Zn or combination of two caused significant reduction of spike bleaching. With the mixed application of Si, B and Zn, > 47% reduction of wheat blast severity was obtained. The results revealed that the soil application of silicon, zinc and boron had a synergistic effect on the intensity of blast disease of wheat.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(2): 76-84, Dec 202
Adaptability evaluation of improved Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) varieties for yield and other quantitative traits in Arba Minch, Southern Ethiopia
Get PDFTomato is one of the important vegetables grown all over the world for its nutritious and economic value. Varietal improvement for high yielding, pest resistance and tolerance, drought tolerance and processing quality traits are vital thereby to enhance production and productivity of the crop. Due to lack of improved varieties in the study area, local productivity of tomato is challenged and its production is very limited. Hence, identification of improved tomato varieties that are adaptable, high yielding and disease resistant is crucial before dissemination to boost its productivity in the study area. Therefore, this experiment was conducted at Arba Minch to evaluate ten improved tomato varieties for yield and yield components under irrigation condition using randomized complete block design replicated three times. ANOVA result indicated that there is a significant variation among tested varieties in all studied parameters. The mean total yield and number of fruits plant-1 of tomato varieties varied from 4991.1 to 11,215 kg ha-1 and 13.33 to 36.53 fruits plant-1, respectively. ‘Melkashola’ scored the highest marketable yield (9,438 kg ha-1) and total yield (11,216 kg ha-1) being followed by ‘Bishola’ (8,756 kg ha-1) and ‘Melkasalsa’ (8,367 kg ha-1). On the other hand, ‘Melkasalsa’ and ‘Miya’ with moderately high yield might also be regarded as other potential varieties. Therefore, the first three varieties are recommended for cultivation in the study area and similar agro-ecology.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 79-83, June 202
Assessment of post-harvest handling of mango and evaluation of mango jam in major mango producing areas of South Omo Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
Get PDFThe present study aimed to assess the postharvest handling practice, demonstrate and popularize mango jam processing on rural households’ levels in major mango growing areas of Debub Ari Woreda, South omo, Southern Ethiopia. Training manual was developed and Practical training on processing, post-harvest handling and utilization of mango jam was given for 12 DAs, 7 Administrators and 161 model Farmers comprising of 72 female farmers and 65 model male farmers and 40 model farmer households were interviewed about the technology and postharvest handling practice in the area in which 28 are females and 12 are male. Postharvest handling practice and sensory perception of mango jam and other relevant data were collected, analysed, interpreted and discussed. Results revealed that, 87.5% of respondent are greater than 25 years old and 40.0% attended various levels (elementary to high school) education. The major transportation method and packaging material used as replied by the respondents are 42.5% (use pack animals: donkey, mule and horse) and 47.5% (use sack), respectively. Pest attack (disease, insect) followed by mechanical damage during harvesting, poor packaging material and damage during transportation were identified as the main causes of mango loss specified by the respondents. Therefore, use of the better adapted and pest/disease-tolerant varieties, improved fruit production and harvesting practice, proper storage and transportation facilities, appropriate postharvest innovations and technologies are required to reduce postharvest loss and extend fruit shelf-life.
Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 12(1): 155-160, June 202
"Mengestu, Dinaw"
No full textInternational audienceEncyclopedia entry (3000 words).Ethiopian-born writer Dinaw Mengestu is a twenty-first-century novelist and freelance journalist. The son of refugees, he grew up in the Midwest and since his first visit to Africa in his twenties, he has been publishing essays and magazine articles on Ethiopia and present-day conflicts in Africa. Since 2006, he has produced three award-winning novels in which he portrays a diverse set of characters, African exiles and refugees or their descendants, and tackles the themes of migration, dislocation and loss, diaspora, and the forging of new identities in multicultural America. As a member of the new African diaspora in the USA, he has become a major voice in contemporary multiethnic American literature
Évaluation des critères morphologiques intégrant le tour de taille dans le dépistage du syndrome d’apnées-hypopnées du sommeil chez l’adulte
No full textThe primary objective of this study was to measure the correlation of different morphological criteria with the hypopnea index. The secondary objective was to analyze whether the relevance of these criteria varied according to gender and severity.This study confirms that neck circumference is the most correlated criteria with the presence of OSA in adults. The use of waist to height ratio appears to be as relevant for women as BMI is for men.L’objectif principal de cette étude était de mesurer la corrélation de différents critères morphologiques avec l’IAH. L’objectif secondaire était d’analyser si la pertinence de ces critères variait en fonction du genre et en fonction de la sévérité. Cette étude confirme que le tour de cou est le critère le mieux corrélé à la présence de SAHOS chez l’adulte. L’utilisation du TT/T semble aussi pertinente chez la femme que ne l’est l’IMC chez l’homme
Éduquer au et par le territoire. Étude des territoires de mobilité à La Réunion à travers les géodonnées
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Self-organization mechanisms in a Fe-Au film: from isolated core-shell to multicore nanoparticles
No full textInternational audienceMany nanotechnological applications necessitate a high density of nanoparticles (NPs), making NP morphology control highly challenging. In this work, the morphology of bimetallic NPs formed by magnetron sputtering deposition of a Fe(3 nm)-Au(2 nm) bilayer film on an amorphous silica substrate is analyzed using high-angle dark-field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM). While all the NPs adopt a Fe-Au core-shell chemical order, they can be sorted into three different types. Isolated NPs, displaying either a highly symmetric centered core geometry (CC-type) or an asymmetrical off-centered core geometry (OC-type), are observed despite the rather large metallic volume. The majority of the NPs however displays a multicore geometry, with Fe cores in the 10-12 nm range, larger than the NPs observed in a pure Fe (3nm) film grown under identical conditions. The driving forces leading to the different morphologies are discussed together with the role played by the environnement
Antioxidants and Bioactive Compounds in Food: Critical Review of Issues and Prospects
No full textInternational audienceThis review paper gives an insight into the effective delivery mechanisms for health-promoting substances and highlights the challenges of using antioxidants and bioactives in foods. The selection criteria for choosing bioactives and their extraction in bioavailable form with their adequate incorporation techniques and delivery mechanisms are covered. Moreover, an overview of existing methods for determination of bioactivity is given. The importance of scientifically evaluating the effects of foods or food components on consumer health before making claims about the healthiness is aligned. Finally, a scientific perspective on how to respond to the booming demand for health-promoting products is given, and we acknowledge that despite the work done, there are still many challenges that need to be overcome