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The potential of Agaricus bisporus in mitigating pesticide-induced oxidative stress in honey bees infected with Nosema ceranae
No full textGlobal climate change, environmental pollution, and frequent pesticide use severely reduce
bee populations, greatly challenging beekeeping. Pesticides such as deltamethrin, a pyrethroid
insecticide commonly used to control mosquitoes, can kill individual bees and entire colonies,
depending on the exposure. Due to mosquito resistance to pyrethroid insecticides, components
that enhance their effect are commonly used. This study explores the potential of Agaricus bisporus
mushroom extract in mitigating oxidative stress in bees triggered by pesticides and Nosema ceranae
infection. Our findings indicate that A. bisporus extract significantly reduced mortality rates of bees
and spore counts of N. ceranae. Furthermore, the extract demonstrated antioxidant properties that
lower enzyme activity related to oxidative stress (CAT, SOD, and GST) and MDA concentration, which is linked to lipid peroxidation. These results indicate that natural extracts like A. bisporus can
aid bee health by mitigating the effects of pesticides and pathogens on honey bees, thus improving biodiversit
Retrospective of our research on oral zeolite supplementation effects in calves and peripartum dairy cows
No full textProceeding
Comparative investigation of the nutritional value of cow, goat, and sheep white cheeses in brine
No full textIn the present work, three different types of cheese in brine were compared based on their nutritional
quality parameters. The cheeses were made from cow’s milk (commercial cheese) and goat’s and sheep’s milk (tra
ditional cheese). The cheeses’ physicochemical composition, fatty acid profile, amino acid profile, and related health
lipid indices were studied. The study revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) between the cheeses studied in brine
regarding physicochemical composition. In particular, goat and sheep brine cheeses have a higher concentration of dry
matter, fat, and protein. Conversely, the Ca content was significantly higher in the commercial cheeses (p<0.05), as was
the Ca/protein ratio (mg g-1 protein). The results also highlighted the health-promoting fatty acid profile of sheep and
goat brine cheeses, in particular the more favourable values of the nutritional indices: atherogenic, thrombogenic, and
health-promoting index, as well as hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic and n-6/n-3 ratio compared to commer
cial cow brine cheeses. The lipid composition of goat and sheep brine cheeses contained significantly lower amounts
of long-chain saturated fatty acids and higher amounts of short- and medium-chain saturated and polyunsaturated
fatty acids. The amino acid profile analysis showed that goat brine cheeses were rich in branched-chain amino acids
(BCAA) and had the best essential/non-essential amino acid ratio compared to sheep and cow brine cheeses. With their
higher nutritional content, traditional brine cheeses made from sheep and goat milk should be highlighted as important
providers of health-promoting compounds to increase the sustainability of their production
First clinical evidence with one-year monitoring of Babesia gibsoni mono-infection in two dogs from Serbia
No full textIn Serbia, Babesia gibsoni in dogs is less common than Babesia canis. Although two
clinical cases were reported a decade ago, no additional clinical reports have since
been published. Recently, a co-infection of B. gibsoni and B. canis was documented
in Austria following a dog’s trip to Serbia. The objectives of this study were to present
comprehensive clinicopathological results of two clinical cases of B. gibsoni mono
infection in dogs in Serbia. Two male dogs: an 11-year-old Shih Tzu, and a 2-year
old Pit Bull Terrier, presented with clinical signs related to babesiosis with a history
of biting by another dog. Both dogs had regenerative anemia, thrombocytopenia, and
monocytosis while Shih Tzu had immune-mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA). B.
gibsoni mono-infection was confirmed by PCR testing. Both dogs were treated with
a single dose of imidocarb-dipropionate, and a combination of metronidazole,
clindamycin, and doxycycline (MCD protocol). The Shih Tzu also received
prednisolone for three weeks. Following the MCD protocol, the Pitt Bull recovered,
although thrombocytopenia persisted for nine months. In contrast, Shih Tzu's clinical
condition worsened. The prednisolone treatment was discontinued, and azithromycin
and atovaquone were introduced, leading to recovery after another three weeks of
treatment. Long-term clinical and PCR monitoring revealed that the Pit Bull Terrier
exhibited a more favorable response and a lower frequency of relapses compared to
Shih Tzu. The findings suggest that B. gibsoni has become a clinically significant
pathogen in Serbia. The MCD protocol appears effective for treating acute B. gibsoni
infection in dogs, but further investigation is required to evaluate its efficacy in
eliminating the parasite
Synthesis and characterization of dysprosium-doped fluorapatite by a coprecipitation method
No full textThe synthesis of Dy3+-doped fluorapatite was done by a wet precipitation method. XRD analysis
showed that the obtained powder crystallized as fluorapatite phase and it did not contain any
discernible crystalline impurity. The FTIR analysis showed the presence of characteristic chemical
groups of fluorapatite
Welfare Assessment on Different-Sized Dairy Goat Farms in the Northern Serbian Province of Vojvodina
No full textThis research aimed for the first time to identify the essential welfare
problems on 46 goat dairy farms in Vojvodina,based on the goat AWIN
welfare protocol. The study showed that space allowance per goat was 1.55,
1.86 and 2.50 m2/goat (large, medium, small-sized farms, respectively). Most
farms possessed the soil floor and straw as a flooring material. The small
and medium farms more allowed access to the outdoor area. Contrary,
large-sized farms mostly kept goats in fully housed systems with reduced
opportunities for the goats to express their natural behavior. Management
procedures were significantly different (p < 0.05) between the investigated
farms. Differences were mainly in bedding, feeding and culling strategies.
Low productivity was the main cause of culling in all farm types. Small-sized
farms carried out more often disbudding (42.9%) in comparison with medium
(21.4%) and large-sized ones (14.3%). Group level observation showed
that the main areas of concern were associated with hair coat condition and
kneeling at the feeding rack (p < 0.05). Inadequate BCS, udder asymmetry
and claw overgrowth were frequently recorded. The prevalence of thin and
fat goats was highest in large-sized farms All farm size categories and
management systems showed certain welfare weaknesses. Thus, the findings
highlighted the need for higher implementation of animal welfare
principles and improvement of management techniques to meet the welfare
requirements of dairy goats
Značaj ocene i stalne kontrole biosigurnosnih mera na farmi svinja
No full textBiosigurnost, doborbit, dobra proizvođačka praksa i analiza rizika u kritičnom
kontrolnim tačkama su veoma značajni elementi za intenzivnu proizvodnju svinja. Planska
primena biosigurnosnih mera presudna je u zaštiti zdravlja svinja i uspeha same proizvodnje.
U ovom predavanju koji je deo bilaterlanog projekta, dat je prikaz rešenja i rutinski postupci
u zaštiti od biološke kontaminacije, kao i odnos proizvođača prema potrebi da zaštite zdravlje
svojih životinja i obezbede opstanak i isplativost proizvodnje, na primerima kontrolisanih
farmi različitog kapaciteta. Svest zaposlenih o stvarnoj potrebi zaštite proizvodnje u celini,
aktivan odnos prema postojećim opasnostima i preduzete mere predstavljaju ključ uspeha u
osmišljavanju i pripremi planova biosigurnosti za svaku konkretnu situaciju,odnosno farmu
svinja.Zbornik radov
Učestalost degenerativnih bolesti zglobova kod svinja
No full textDegenerativne bolesti zglobova (engl. degenerative join deseases, DJD) predstavljaju
učestalu patologiju kod domaćih životinja. Kod farmskih životinja, posebno svinja, zbog
specfičnosti njihovog uzgoja i namene degenerativne promene na zglobovima retko se
dijagnostikuju, terapija se gotovo i ne sprovodi, a prevencija bolesti temelji se na osnovu rasne
selekcije. Uzgoj mesnatih rasa svinja trpi gubitke posebno zbog hromosti uzrokovane razvojem
degenerativnih bolesti zglobova. Iako hromost može biti uzrokovana kongenitalnim ili
razvojnim poremećajima, najčešće je posledica bolnosti povezana s različitim infekcijama,
ozledama ili bolestima metabolizma. To je ujedno i važno pitanje jer učestalost hromosti u
stadu utiče na održivost, rast i reprodukciju svinja. Pristup dijagnostici i lečenju hromosti u
svinja mora biti sveobuhvatan i multidisciplinaran, kako bi se što ranije postavila prava
dijagnoza i primenile mere sprečavanja ili lečenja bolesti koštano-mišićnog sistema.
Vrste i uzroci hromosti kod svinja zavise od starosti, načina držanja, pola i rase. Artritis
je nespecifičan pojam koji označava zapaljenski proces zglobova. Sve bolesti zglobova velikih
životinja prati zapaljenska reakcija različitog tipa. Od artritičnih oboljenja zglobova u
svinarskoj proizvodnji najznačajniji su traumatski artritis, osteochondrosis dissecans,
subhondralne cistične lezije, zapaljenski artritis i osteoartritis (degenerativne bolesti
zglobova). Uprkos svojoj važnosti i relevantnim istraživanjima sprovedenim u poslednjih desetak
godina, uzroci i nastanak osteoartritisa nisu u potpunosti razrešeni. Još uvek nedostaju potpune
informacije o epidemiologiji, patofiziologiji bolesti, spoljašnjim faktorima i genetskoj
predispoziciji za nastanak bolesti. Trenutno ne postoji lek za osteoartritis, a najčešći tretmani
samo ublažavaju simptome bolesti. Dakle, prevencija je jedina mera u ovom trenutku, dok su
istraživanja usmerena pronalasku različitih biomarkera za ranu dijagnozu bolesti i razvoju
dijagnostičkih metoda.Zbornik radov
Essential oils in combating antimicrobial resistance of foodborne pathogenic bacteria
No full textPopulation growth affects the global food supply. With the
demand for higher yields in the production of animal products for
human consumption, an excessive amount of antibiotics is used. The
use of antibiotics is not only as pharmaceuticals, but also as
prophylactic agents and antibiotic growth promoters. Irrational use of
antibiotics in food production and human health is one of the major
factors leading to emerge nce and spread of antimicrobial resistance.
Alternatives to minimize the use of antibiotics and combat
antimicrobial resistance are essential oils. Essential oils are natural, liquid, volatile, and complex mixtures of biologically active
substances that ar e formed by aromatic plants as secondary
metabolites by all plant organs (roots, stems, bark, leaves, flowers,
seeds). In the food production, essential oils like garden angelica
Angelica archangelica ), basil Ocimum basilicum L.), cinnamon
Cinnamomum zeylanicum Nees.), lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia ),
lemon ( Citrus limonum ), black pepper Piper nigrum ), rosemary
Rosmarinus officinalis L.), oregano ( Origanum vulgare ), sage Salvia
officinalis L.), and thyme ( Thymus vulgaris ) are commonly used as
flav oring agents. In our study, the aforementioned essential oils have
shown antibacterial effects against some of the most common
foodborne pathogenic bacteria, like Salmonella Enteritidis , Salmonella
Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes , and Yersinia enteroco litica .
Concentrations of essential oils needed to combat foodborne
pathogenic bacteria were determined by disk diffusion and broth
microdilution methods. Among the above mentioned essential oils,
the most active essential oils were oregano (MIC ≤ 0.71 µL/ mL),
thyme (MIC ≤ 0.89 µL/mL), and cinnamon (MIC ≤ 0.89 µL/mL). To observed the morphological changes of
Salmonella Enteritidis ,
Salmonella Typhimurium , Listeria monocytogenes , and Yersinia
enterocolitica cells treated with oregano and thyme essential oils the
scanning electron microscopy were used in our study. The treated
bacterial cells showed damage, with deformed shapes, rough
surfaces, and membrane rupture. The results from this study confirm
that selected essential oils are efficient at low concentra tions against
both Gram negative and Gram positive foodborne bacteria. The
complex chemical composition of essential oils makes them valuable
agents in the treatment of antimicrobial resistance. Essential oils
combat foodborne pathogenic bacteria through f ew different
mechanisms of action. The lipophilic essential oils penetrate through
membrane into the bacterial cell, causing disruption of cell integrity
and increasing the permeability of cell membranes. This leads to
decrease in the gradient across the m embrane, proton collapse,
inhibition of electron transfer, oxidation and loss of proteins, lipids,
ribosomes, energy carrying molecule adenosine triphosphate, and
other cellular components. Several previous studies have demonstrated that essential oils can
interfere with the expression of
genes encoding efflux pumps one of the main mechanisms of AMR.
Large loss of cellular components consequently leads the bacterial cell
to death. In conclusion, there are plenty of possibilities for the
essential oils to be used in food production, and to serve to combat
the most common foodborne pathogenic bacteria.Book of abstracts and conference proceeding