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Biodiversity of lumbricidae intermedial hosts of Metastrongylides of pigs in the Belgrade area
Get PDFMetastrongylidosis or pulmonary strongylidosis of pigs is a disease caused by several species of nematodes from the genus Metastrongylus. Metastrongylides belong to biohelminths whose causative agents use transitional hosts for their development and maintenance of the biological cycle, in this case numerous species of lumbricides (earthworms). The larvae acquire infectivity only when they eat by earthworms - intermedial host. The seasonal variation of microclimate conditions in the soil has a large part in the life of earthworms, and the inhibitory factors in their seasonal dynamics are directly related to the spread of metastrongylidosis. Overview of research conducted in the five-year period in the area of Belgrade it was established that the dominant species of earthworms which are intermediate hosts to lungworm: Eisenia foetida, Eisenia rosea, Dandreobena rubida, Allopbophora caliginosa, Allopbophora jassyensis, Lubricus terrestris and Lubricus rubbelus. Also, species occur as transitional hosts of metastrongylidosis was Eisenia veneta, Eisenella tetraedra, Allopbophora longa, Octolasium complanatuum, Octolasium lacteum, Octolasium rebeli, Dendrobaena octaedra, Dendrobaena subrubicunda, Dendrobaena mariupoliensis, Bimastus tenius and less often species from the genus Heledrillus spp
The basic principles of DNA damage detection by the alkaline comet assay
No full textThe Comet assay is a highly sensitive and rapid method for detecting DNA damage at the
level of individual cells. It measures single-stranded and double-stranded DNA breaks, alkali
labile, incomplete excision repair and cross-linking sites. A major advantage of the Comet assay
is its applicability to both proliferating and non-proliferating cells, and it can be performed on all
types of eukaryotic cells. The basic principle of the alkaline Comet assay is to lyse the biological
membranes to release proteins bound to the DNA, followed by a short-term electrophoresis at a
pH above 13. Through this process, the DNA fragments migrate and form a comet-like shape,
which is visualized by staining with a DNA-binding fluorescent dye. The extent of electrophoretic
migration is proportional to the amount of DNA damage. Key advantages of the Comet assay
include sensitivity - the assay can detect low levels of DNA damage, versatility – it can be used
with a small amount of test substance, speed – results are usually available within 24 to 48 hours,
and broad applicability – the method is suitable for numerous purposes, including molecular
epidemiology, occupational exposure studies, environmental biomonitoring, antigenotoxicity
assessments and clinical research. Overall, the Comet assay provides valuable data for a range of
scientific and clinical fields, making it a versatile and powerful tool for assessing DNA damage
Alpha and beta activity in herbal tea leaves
No full textSeven herbal teas used in Serbia were analyzed to determine gross alpha and beta
natural radioactivity. In all samples, the gross alpha in herbal teas ranged from
149 Bq/kg in the Melissa leaf sample to 193 Bq/kg in the Bilberry Leaf. The gross
beta in herbal teas ranged from 272 Bq/kg in the Bilberry Leaf sample to 1091 ±
117 Bq/kg in the Burdock leaf sample.Proceeding
Uticaj ekoloških faktora na konstituciju magaraca
No full textMagarac, kao jedna od najstarijih domaćih životinja, rasprostranjen je po svim kontinentima. Organizovanih selekcijskih mera vekovima nije bilo. Osnovni uslov je bio da može dugo da hoda i nosi teret. Takvi zahtevi, a i ekološki uslovi u kojima se razvio i u kojima živi, uslovili su da magarci, bez obzira gde žive, imaju, praktično istu konstituciju tela, a ona se ogleda u indeksu koščatosti. Bez obzira na visinu grebena, odnosno veličinu tela, relativni odnosi pojedinih delova tela prilično su slični. Magarac ima snažnu konstituciju tela.Related to an English-language version of the following article:[https://vet-erinar.vet.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4693
Reduction of methane emission from dairy farms by nutritive modulation of metabolism
No full textZbornik radova i kratkih sadržaj
Dirofilariasis in dogs in the Republic of Srpska - preliminary results of the episootiological research
No full textZbornik radova i kratkih sadržaj
Significance of regular analysis of the presence of aflatoxin B1 in feed and M1 in fresh milk on the base of analyses performed in the Republic of Serbia in the period 2023-2024.
No full textZbornik radova i kratkih sadržaj
Combating pathogens using carbon-fiber ionizers (CFIs) for air purification: A narrative review
No full textAirborne pathogens, though a minor fraction of airborne particles, can cause infections, intoxications, or allergic reactions through respiration, dermal contact, or ingestion. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has underscored the significance of mitigating airborne microbial threats. Traditional air ionization methods, such as dielectric barrier discharge and metal tip corona discharge, produce ozone, a reactive and potentially harmful byproduct. However, carbon-fiber ionizers (CFIs) generate high concentrations of ions with minimal ozone production, making them a safer alternative. Operating at voltages below 5 kV, CFIs are more efficient than their metallic counterparts. This review focuses on the antimicrobial efficacy of CFIs, which produce unipolar ions that can disrupt microbial membranes, leading to cell death. Compared to ultraviolet light sterilization, CFIs are cost-effective and suitable for small spaces. The literature review highlights the need for comprehensive studies to evaluate the real-world application and effectiveness of CFIs. Many existing studies are limited by small-scale testing and insufficient data reporting, complicating comparative analyses. Our work aims to provide a detailed perspective on CFIs, examining their impact on various microorganisms, ion efficacy, ionization outcomes, and ozone generation levels. By addressing these aspects, the review seeks to offer an updated understanding of CFIs’ antimicrobial capabilities and to identify limitations in current research, paving the way for more informed and effective air purification strategie
High genetic diversity of Anaplasma ovis in sheep from Bosnia and Herzegovina
No full textOvine anaplasmosis (sensu stricto) is a rickettsial blood disease caused by the tick-borne species Anaplasma ovis. The disease is characterized by mild anemia, fever, and icterus. A more severe clinical presentation is possible in non-endemic areas. There is no existing data on the presence of Anaplasma ovis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. However, given the country’s location within the Mediterranean Basin and the recent molecular detection of Babesia ovis, it is plausible that sheep in the region could naturally be infected with this tick-borne pathogen. Methods and results Blood samples from 81 sheep in the Podrinje and Herzegovina areas were examined by PCR. PCR positivity was found in 38 (46.9%) cases indicating a high number of infected sheep. Mixed infections with Babesia ovis and A.ovis were observed in 63.3% of cases. A higher number of positive sheep was recorded in the area of Herzegovina. Phylogenetic analysis of the gltA, groEL, and msp4 genes of A. ovis revealed numerous genotypes and significant genetic variability. This diversity was not related to geographic origin, tick-borne infection status, or sheep breeding practices in Podrinje and Herzegovina. Conclusions The data obtained in this study suggest that the emergence of new genotypes and the high genetic variability of A. ovis are driven by specific local and micro-environmental factors
Ukrasne kućne biljke, moguća opasnost za kućne ljubimce
No full textUkrasne kućne biljke su potencijalna opasnost za zdravlje kućnih ljubimaca. Značajan broj ukrasnih vrsta biljaka je otrovan i njihova
konzumacija može dovesti do trovanja kućnih ljubimaca. Kućne biljke
sintetišu sekundarne metabolite kojima se štite od insekata i različitih parazita. Ti metaboliti, po hemijskom sastavu, najčešće pripadaju
alkaloidima, glikozidima, saponinima, fenolima ili terpenima. Većina
ovih metabolita je otrovna za ljude i životinje. Toksični efekti zavise
od vrste biljke, njene faze razvića, dela biljke unesenog u organizam i
unete količine. Neke ukrasne biljke deluju na kućne ljubimce samo iritirajuće i prouzrokuju pojačano lučenje pljuvačke, povraćanje i dijareju, dok druge imaju jako toksično dejstvo. Najčešći simptomi trovanja
ukrasnim biljkama su salivacija, povraćanje, otok jezika i grla, dijareja
i slabost. Poznavanje sobnih biljaka i načina na koji njihove supstance
mogu izazvati trovanje ljubimaca je veoma korisno jer omogućava lakše uspostavljanje dijagnoze i proces lečenja. Rad ima za cilj da upozori vlasnike kućnih ljubimaca i upozna veterinare sa najčešćim ukrasnim kućnim biljkama koje mogu izazvati epizode trovanje ljubimaca,
sa ciljem da se smanji njihova učestalost.Zbornik predavanj