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Leukogram variability as a tool for assessing the conservation-relevant health impact of microfilarial infection in bats
No full textBats can carry zoonotic pathogens without obvious physiological stress, likely due to their unique immune regulation. Although filarial infections occur in bats, their haematological responses are not well understood. Investigating leukogram alterations in infected individuals can offer insights into host–parasite dynamics and serve as a valuable tool for conservation-oriented health
assessment. We hypothesised that bats with circulating microfilariae exhibit elevated eosinophil counts, and to test this, we analysed total leukocyte counts and leukogram profiles in four bat species sampled during summer. The first group included 16 microfilaria-free individuals of the Long-fingered bat (Myotis capaccinii) from Bogovinska cave. The second group was mixed
population of 11 microfilaria-positive individuals – six Schreiber’s bent-wing bats (Miniopterus schreibersii), two Long-fingered bats (Myotis capaccinii), two Greater mouse-eared bats (Myotis myotis), and one Mediterranean horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus euryale), from Sesalačka cave.
Romanowsky-stained blood smears were examined microscopically to determine the total leucocyte count at 40×HPF (average count×2000). The leukogram, including neutrophils,
monocytes, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes (subclassified as total, large, small, large granular, and small granular), was assessed at 100×HPF. Statistical analysis was performed using
Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples (MedCalc® software). No significant differences were observed in total leucocyte, neutrophil, or overall lymphocyte counts. However, eosinophil count was twice as high in bats with microfilariae (U = 45, z = 2.14, p = 0.032). Additionally, small lymphocyte counts were approximately 30% higher (U = 33, z = 2.71, p = 0.007), while large lymphocyte counts were nearly three times lower (U = 18, z = 3.45, p < 0.001). Monocyte counts were reduced by half (U = 37, z = 2.56, p = 0.010) in bats with microfilariae. Leukogram changes in bats with microfilariae, including increased eosinophils and altered lymphocyte and monocyte profiles, reflect a typical immune response. These findings highlight the potential of
haematological markers for monitoring the impact of parasitic infections on bat populations, especially in vulnerable species or disturbed habitats.Book of abstract
¹H NMR and GC–MS metabolomics reveal herbicide induced biomarkers in grapevine (Vitis Vinifera L.)
No full textMetabolomics has become an essential tool in plant science, providing a systems-level
understanding of physiological responses to environmental and chemical stressors. The goal of
metabolomic analysis is to comprehensively assess metabolic changes and dynamics associated
with disease states or stress exposure. Chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques are the
most employed methods in metabolic studies.[1] Data processing is a critical step, particularly for
multivariate analysis, where the removal of noise and preservation of relevant signals are
essential to accurately capture true biological variation among samples.[2] In this study,
metabolic changes induced by herbicide application in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) were
investigated using a complementary analytical approach combining 1H NMR spectroscopy and
GC-MS. The objective was to identify potential metabolic biomarkers associated with herbicideinduced stress and to evaluate the feasibility of integrated metabolomics for monitoring
grapevine health. Leaf and root samples were collected from both treated and untreated plants.
Metabolites were extracted using a methanol/water (1:1) solution. For GC-MS analysis, samples
underwent a two-step derivatization (methoximation followed by silylation), while NMR analysis
(noesypr1d) was performed directly using CD₃OD/phosphate buffer in D₂O (pH = 6). Data
obtained from GC-MS analysis was processed using the XCMS online platform to do peak
selection, alignment, and deconvolution. The 1H-NMR spectra were processed using the online
program NMRProcFlow (v1.4.16) to calibrate the chemical shift, correct the baseline, align
locally, and divide the spectrum into buckets using the intelligent binning method spectrum was
divided into buckets. For the identification of the biomarkers in 1H NMR spectra, Chenomx V11.0
software was used, as well as 2D NMR spectra. Multivariate data analysis was performed to
differentiate metabolic fingerprints and identify potential biomarkers. This study highlights the
utility of combining NMR and GC-MS metabolomics for the detection of herbicide-responsive
biomarkers in grapevine and improving our understanding of plant biochemical adaptation
Circular economy approaches in the dairy industry: strategies for waste utilisation and sustainable production
No full textThe dairy industry is a major part of the global agri-food system, associated with food production,
but also with industrial waste and emissions. Significant amounts of whey, sludge,
wastewater, and packaging are generated by the dairy chain. Effluents from dairy processing
contain high loads of organic matter, suspended solids, fats, and nutrients. Circular economy
principles offer the dairy sector an approach to transition from a linear to a regenerative model
by transforming waste into value-added resources. Circular economy strategies applied in
the dairy industry, including waste valorisation, energy recovery, nutrient recycling, and the
use of biodegradable and recyclable packaging, can substantially improve the environmental
performance of dairy systems, and contribute to sustainable development. The present work
highlights the potential of circular economy access to transform dairy waste streams into
valuable resources, contributing to environmental sustainability and economic resilience
Cooked-emulsified rabbit meat sausages: a technological challenge or sustainable solution?
No full textRabbit meat is characterized by a high content of biologically valuable proteins, low levels of
fat, cholesterol, and sodium, appreciable quantities of n‑6 and n‑3 polyunsaturated fatty acids
(PUFAs), and substantial amounts of B-complex vitamins, particularly vitamin B12. Given
its favorable nutritional profile, rabbit meat is well-suited for the formulation of cookedemulsified
sausages, particularly those with added value aimed at health-conscious consumers.
From a technological standpoint, rabbit meat possesses specific characteristics that can
be an advantage or challenge in the production of cooked-emulsion sausages. Therefore, this
paper highlights the technological characteristics of rabbit meat and considers its suitability
for the production of cooked-emulsified sausages
Key parameters affecting the sensory quality of beef: a review
No full textThe sensory quality of beef is one of the most important factors by which consumers assess
their satisfaction, and it plays a crucial role in influencing future purchasing decisions. Color,
tenderness, juiciness and flavor are the most valorized sensory attributes of beef. The sensory
characteristics of beef are influenced by various factors related to the animal, such as breed,
sex, age, and growth potential, as well as technological factors, including feeding systems,
rearing methods, transport, and slaughter procedure. Consumer preferences regarding sensory
quality parameters are shaped by geographic regions, cultural norms and individual differences.
Consumers in some regions favor a bright red color, while others associate a darker
red color with higher quality of beef. European consumers tend to prefer the more intense
flavor of grass-fed beef, while U.S. consumers favor the flavor of grain-fed beef. This review
focuses on the key parameters for the sensory quality of beef from a consumer perspective,
as well as the main variables that affect these parameters
Novel autochthonous strains from Cyprinus carpio as candidates for probiotic use and microplastic-degrading properties
No full textIn the modern era, identifying and characterizing novel bacterial strains with possible
probiotic potential and environmental bioremediation capabilities is an emerging focus in
microbiology and biotechnology. This study analysed the cultivable gut microbiota of the
freshwater fish, Cyprinus carpio, and identified six different bacterial genera, including
Citrobacter, Serratia, Bacillus, Enterococcus, and Kocuria. Among these, two novel autochthonous
strains—Hafnia alvei UUNT_MP41 and Hafnia paralvei UUNT_MP29—were
isolated and selected for further investigation due to their promising probiotic traits and
potential to degrade microplastics in aquatic ecosystems. Both strains were evaluated for
antibacterial activity against pathogens and susceptibility to a broad spectrum of antibiotics.
Whole-genome analysis using next-generation sequencing (NGS) revealed the presence of
genes potentially associated with probiotic properties, such as ClpB, as well as genes potentially
involved in the biodegradation of common microplastics, including the tesA gene, a
homolog of the PpEst gene from the genome of Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes, and the
lipR gene, a homolog of the EstC9 gene from the genome of Acidocella sp. Here, we performed
a more in-depth analysis of the similarity between the genes/proteins we identified
as potentially involved in plastic biodegradation and previously described ones. Notably, the
identified strains’ potential to degrade microplastics under conditions relevant to the human
gastrointestinal system positions them as candidates for a new generation of dual-function
probiotics, supporting both human health and microplastic detoxification. These findings
lay the groundwork for future development of multifunctional probiotic formulations with
environmental and therapeutic benefit
Bezbednost tradicionalnih proizvoda od mesa svinja
No full textTradicionalni proizvodi od mesa imaju veliki kulturni, gastronomski i ekonomski značaj,
izrađuju se bez upotrebe aditiva, a proces proizvodnje se odigrava u prirodnim uslovima
ambijenta. Najčešće pripadaju grupi suvomesntaih proizvoda i fermentisanih koabsica. Meso
svinja može da nosi određene rizike zbog specifičnosti njihovog načina života i ishrane, jer se radi
o svaštojedima, sklone su da riju zemlju, kaljužanju, konzumiraju ostatke hrane i drugih životinja
i sl. Zbog toga se u njihovom digestivnom traktu i na koži nalazi veliki broj patogena uključujući
bakterije iz rodova Clostridium, Salmonella, Listeria i dr., a može biti i nosilac parazita poput
Trichinella spp. i dr. Neadekvatni uslovi klanja mogu dovesti do endogene i egzogene
kontaminacije mesa mikroorganizmima, a dalje greške u smislu neadekvatnog izbora sirovine,
nehigijenskih uslova proizvodnje, nepoštovanja principa tehnologije proizvodnje kao i
neadekvatnog skladištenja, mogu dovesti do opasnosti poput botulizma, mikotoksina,
policikličnih aromatičnih ugljovodonika (PAU), kao i razvojnih oblika insekata u proizvodima.
Kada je botulizam u pitanju, u Republici Srbiji najčešći izvor ovog oboljenja kod ljudi jesu suve
šunke proizvedene u domaćinstvima. Do botulizma dolazi kao posledica kontaminacije dubine
mesa sporama Cl. botulinum, a potom nedovoljno niske temperature mesa za vreme usoljavanja
ili otežane difuzije soli, čime se stvaraju uslovi za isklijavanje spora i stvaranje toksina. Pošto se
radi o neproteolitičkom tipu B ove bakterije, ne dolazi do truležnog kvara proizvoda tako da ovi
procesi ostaju najčešće neprimećeni od strane proizvođača i konzumenata. Neadekvatni uslovi
skladištenja mogu dovesti do razvoja mikotoksogenih plesni, kao i invazije larvi insekata koji ne
samo da mehanički oštećuju proivode, već mogu dovesti i do određenih problema kod
konzumenata u vidu crevnih mijaza, alergijsih reakcija i sl. Nekontrolisanim procesom dimljenja
povećava se opasnost kontaminacije proizvoda sa PAU, koji poseduju karcinogeni potencijal.
Dosledna primena dobre higijenske i proizvođačke prakse omogućava dobijanje bezbednih
tradicionalnih proizvoda od mesa svinja uz očuvanje autentičnosti.Zbornik radov
Fizikalna medicina i rehabilitacija kod različitih patoloških stanja kičmenog stuba pasa
No full textZbornik radov
Influence of phytogenic additive in feed on poultry red mite infestation and egg production in laying hen facility
No full textThis study investigated the impact of a botanical extract-based additive premix (BEPA) in sustainably managing poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae) infestation and its influence on egg production in a conventional laying hen facility. The examination lasted from May to September 2024 on a commercial farm housing 10,000 Isa-Brown hens kept in cages, previously exhibiting signs of suboptimal productivity, restlessness, and numerous instances of anaemia attributed to mite infestation. Infestation severity was monitored monthly in two rows of battery cages using the Mites Monitoring Score (MMS), a five-point scale ranging from 1 (no mites) to 5 (severe infestation). BEPA was administered at 1 ppm as a dry premix mixed into the feed throughout the trial. The formulation included a tannin-rich extract from Castanea sativa bark and essential oils from Eucalyptus globulus, Lavandula officinalis, Mentha piperita, Origanum vulgare, and Thymus vulgaris. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and results demonstrated a marked reduction in mite infestation scores over time. In first row, scores declined from 4.6±0.67 in May to 1.3±0.46 by September (p<0.05). Second row showed a similar trend, decreasing from 3.68±1.09 to 1.73±0.99. Concurrently, egg production rose from 80.96±9.15% to 91.17±4.83%, with significant improvements noted between the beginning and end of the trial period (p<0.05). The findings suggest a strong correlation between reduced mite burdens and improved laying performance. The use of BEPA not only mitigated parasite impact but also contributed to enhanced animal welfare and farm productivity. This case highlights the potential of natural, essential oil-based solutions in poultry production systems, responding to growing consumer interest in agroecological methods and reduced reliance on synthetic pesticides and antiparasitics.Book of abstract
Radioecology: from early studies to modern challenges, with a focus on Serbia
No full textRadioecology is an interdisciplinary scientific field that studies the migration of radionuclides in the
environment, their interactions with ecosystems, and the biological effects of ionizing radiation on
non-human biota. Since its origins in the late 19th century, radioecology has evolved in response to
nuclear testing, industrial activities, and major nuclear accidents such as Chernobyl and Fukushima.
This paper explores both natural and anthropogenic radionuclides, their environmental pathways,
and bioavailability, and a methodological approach for asseing the effects of ionizing radiation on
non-human biota. Particular emphasis is placed on radioecology in Serbia, covering historical
research developments, contamination sources, including depleted uranium, detection techniques for
radionuclides and the principles of radiological protection. Through a systematic review of available
data, this study highlights the importance of an integrated approach to protecting ecosystems from
radiological contamination.Proceeding