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Identification and characterization of new Hafnia strains from common carp (Cyprinus carpio), potentially possessing pobiotic properties and plastic biodegradation capabilities
No full textFinding and characterizing new bacterial strains, including probiotic strains, is a
crucial task in today’s world to expand the genetic data pool and identify new genes. In
this study, we investigated the gut microbiota of one industrial species, Cyprinus carpio,
and identified representatives of various microbial genera, including Citrobacter, Serratia,
Bacillus, Enterococcus, and Kocuria. Notably, we discovered two strains of Hafnia with
potentially probiotic properties. We conducted next-generation sequencing (NGS) of these
strains, described their antibiotic resistance and antibacterial activity, and compared them
with other representatives of the Hafnia genus. These strains, characterized by rapid growth,
the presence of the ClpB heat shock protein gene, and genes associated with microplastic
degradation, provide a promising basis for further research, including studies on their
potential application in plastic biodegradation
Presence of Francisella tularensis in Apodemus spp. on the edges of forest areas in Belgrade, Serbia
No full textTularemia, a zoonosis caused by Francisella tularensis, is considered endemic to the Balkan Peninsula. Themain reservoirs of this
disease are rodents and lagomorphs, which usually show no clinical signs and are a potential disease source for other animals and
humans. The presence of F. tularensis in the tissues of rodents in Serbiawas examined for the first time. The animalswere collected
near walking tracks and places for recreation in forest areas in Belgrade. A total of 96 mice were collected in three forest locations
in the autumn of 2023. Tissue samples of lungs, liver, spleen, and kidneys were taken by autopsy, and pool samples were made for
all captured animals, that is, 71 striped field mice (SFM), 13 wood mice (WM), and 12 yellow-necked mice (YNM). The bacterium
F. tularensis was detected by PCR, using primers that target the tul4 gene, which codes 17-kDa lipoprotein and amplifies the 400-
bp product. Thirteen samples tested positive by PCR, seven of which were confirmed by sequencing to belong to F. tularensis. F.
tularensis was detected in SFM animals collected from all investigated forest areas. Based on the observed results, we can conclude
that F. tularensis is present in the tissues of SFM animals captured in Belgrade’s forest areas
Avijarna influenca i biosigurnosne mere: prvi korak u sprečavanju nove panzootije
No full textAvijarna influenca (ptičiji grip) predstavlja ozbiljnu pretnju po zdravlje domaćih
i divljih ptica, sa potencijalnom mogućnošću prenosa na sisare, uključujući
ljude, što je svrstava u gupu zoonoza. Virusi avijarne influence se dele na visokopatogene
(HPAI – Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza) i niskopatogene (LPAI
– Low Pathogenicity Avian Influenza) sojeve, pri čemu sojevi H5 i H7 izazivaju
teške kliničke simptome i visok mortalitet. Glavni rezervoari virusa su divlje ptice
vodenih staništa, koje tokom migracija prenose virus duž svojih koridora preleta,
inficirajući pritom i lokalitete na drugim kontinentima. Prenos se odvija direktnim
i indirektnim kontaktom, a posebno su ugrožene farme u blizini vodenih staništa.
U Srbiji su zabeleženi slučajevi HPAI sojeva H5N8 i H5N1, mahom među divljim
pticama, što naglašava potrebu za strogim sprovođenjem biosigurnosnih mera.
Ključni mehanizam prevencije podrazumeva primenu eksternih i internih biosigurnosnih
mera, kao što su ograničavanje kontakta sa divljim pticama, kontrola
kretanja ljudi i opreme, all-in/all-out sistem uzgoja, te redovna dezinfekcija itd.
Uspešna dezinfekcija zahteva temeljno čišćenje i upotrebu odgovarajućih dezinfekcionih
sredstava, posebno u zimskom periodu kada je virus najstabilniji. Ovaj
rad naglašava važnost definisanja i sprovođenja sveobuhvatnih biosigurnosnih
strategija kako bi se sprečile epizootije, smanjili ekonomski gubici i minimizirao
rizik od zoonotskog prenosa, što zahteva saradnju doktora veterinarske medicine,
farmera i nadležnih institucija.Zbornik radov
The effect of a phytogenic-based feed additive on concurrent Lawsonia intracellularis and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae infections in pigs
No full textThis study investigated the efficacy of a commercial phytogenic-based premixed feed additive (PFA) in treating combined Lawsonia intracellularis and Brachyspira hyodysenteriae infections in finishing pigs, with tiamulin/lincomycin treatment as the control. Pigs aged 20 weeks were allocated to PFA treatment (11 pens, 45 pigs per pen) and control (7 pens, 43 pigs per pen) groups for a seven-week experimental period. Floor faecal samples and rectal swabs were collected weekly, and the percentage of pigs per pen with diarrhoea was recorded weekly. The bacterial contents of the samples were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction, and at the end of the experiment, histological changes in ileal samples were examined. There was an intermittent decrease in L. intracellularis in the control group (from 4.85 to 0.82 DNA log10 copies/μl) and a continuous reduction in L. intracellularis in the PFA group (from 5.69 to 0.64 DNA log10 copies/μl) over a six-week period. B. hyodysenteriae was not detected in rectal swabs from the control group at week six, and an intermittent decrease in B. hyodysenteriae, from 3.04 to 0.26 DNA log10 copies/μl, was observed in the PFA group. Bacterial DNA in the floor faecal samples declined during the seven-week experimental period, as found for the rectal swabs. There were no cases of diarrhoea from week two onwards in the control group and week three onwards in the PFA group. The results of this study indicate that a PFA rich in essential oils has a therapeutic effect comparable to that of tiamulin/lincomycin in pigs with proliferative enteropathy and swine dysentery
Control program of sheep coccidiosis in the production chain from the breeder to the consumer
No full textSheep farming holds significant
economic and cultural value in Serbia, with
increasing attention given to improving
health and production outcomes. Among the
challenges faced in sheep husbandry, parasitic
diseases - especially protozoan infections
like coccidiosis caused by Eimeria and
Cryptosporidium species -are prevalent and economically detrimental, particularly in young
lambs. This study presents a comprehensive,
multi-year control program for ovine
coccidiosis, implemented across nine farms
from 2014 to 2018. The program combined
systematic parasitological monitoring, targeted
therapeutic interventions (notably the use of
Toltrazuril), and the application of biosecurity,
zootechnical, and prophylactic measures in both
pens and pastures. Initial diagnostics showed
a high prevalence of subclinical and clinical
infections, with lambs being the most affected
group. Through successive parasitological
examinations and treatments, a significant
reduction in oocyst shedding and clinical cases
was achieved. By fostering natural immunity
through controlled subclinical exposure
and timing of therapeutic intervention, the
program effectively transformed coccidiosis
from an acute production-limiting disease
to a managed endemic condition. The study
highlights the importance of integrated, farmspecific
health strategies and underscores
the role of veterinarians in implementing
sustainable parasite control measures in sheep
flocks in Serbia
Kriptorhizam kod juvenilnih autohtonih magaraca: uticaj na histološku građu testisa
No full textZbornik predavanj
Digital agriculture and smart rural tourism: Synergies for sustainable development
No full textThis paper investigates stakeholder perceptions of the role of digital technologies
in linking agriculture and rural tourism in the Fruška Gora region of Serbia. A
total of 304 respondents were surveyed, including farmers, rural tourism stakeholders,
local government representatives/DMOs, and visitors. Using a five-point
Likert scale, the study assessed attitudes toward the impact of digitalization on
tourism development, economic diversification, barriers to adoption, authenticity,
and success factors. Descriptive analysis revealed generally positive perceptions,
with local government representatives consistently displaying the strongest
agreement, particularly regarding tourism development and institutional support.
ANOVA confirmed significant differences between groups for two constructs, supporting
the hypothesis that institutional actors are more optimistic than farmers,
tourism providers, and visitors. The findings highlight the importance of cross-sector
collaboration, investment in digital skills and infrastructure, and policies that
bridge perceptual gaps among stakeholders, offering practical insights for sustainable
rural development.Book of Abstract
Diarrhea in neonatal calves
No full textDiarrhea is a very common disease in calves, especially in the first days of life. One of the most common causes of death of newborns on the farm as well as on individual farms is diarrhea in calves. Most farms are exposed to pathogens causing diarrhea, while the applied breeding technology significantly affects the health of newborns, which are also affected by these pathogens. Most calf diarrhea is caused by more than one agent or pathogen. Calves are usually infected with multiple pathogens. This is very important in order to make an accurate diagnosis and apply appropriate therapy in sick calves, and in order to apply a new breeding strategy and avoid the future appearance of this disease. The consequence of diarrhea is not only loss of growth, but also expensive and long-term therapy, sometimes with a fatal outcome. The most common infectious causes of diarrhea are: Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Rota virus, Corona virus, Cryptosporidium parvum, etc. Some of these causative agents of calf diarrhea are zoonoses (Salmonella spp., Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia spp., and certain strains of E. coli) so we must handle diseased animals, contaminated bedding and equipment, and faecal samples very carefully to avoid infecting yourself and co-workers. Intensive breeding of calves requires continuous monitoring of the health condition of calves and adequate application of veterinary-prophylactic, hygienic-sanitary and zootechnical measures. Improving the health condition has a positive effect on the production results and the welfare of the calves.Book of Abstract
Effects of chestnut tannin extract on enteric methane emissions, blood metabolites and lactation performance in mid-lactation cows
No full textDietary tannin supplementation represents a potential strategy to modulate rumen fermentation and enhance lactation performance in dairy cows, though responses remain inconsistent. A 21-day feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effect of chestnut tannin (CNT) extract on the enteric methane emissions (EME), blood metabolites, and milk production traits in mid-lactation dairy cows. Thirty-six Holstein cows were allocated to three homogeneous treatment groups: control (CNT0, 0 g/d CNT), CNT40 (40 g/d CNT), and CNT80 (80 g/d CNT). Measurements of EME, dry matter intake (DMI), milk yield (MY), and blood and milk parameters were carried out pre- and post-21-day supplementation period. Compared with the no-additive group, the CNT extract reduced methane production, methane yield, and methane intensity in CNT40 and CNT80 (p < 0.001). CNT40 and CNT80 cows exhibited lower blood urea nitrogen (p = 0.019 and p = 0.002) and elevated serum insulin (p = 0.003 and p < 0.001) and growth hormone concentrations (p=0.046 and p = 0.034), coinciding with reduced aspartate aminotransferase (p = 0.016 and p = 0.045), and lactate dehydrogenase (p = 0.011 and p = 0.008) activities compared to control. However, CNT80 had higher circulating NEFA and BHBA than CNT0 (p = 0.003 and p = 0.004) and CNT40 (p = 0.035 and p = 0.019). The blood glucose, albumin, and total bilirubin concentrations were not affected. MY and fat- and protein-corrected milk (FPCM), MY/DMI, and FPCM/DMI were higher in both CNT40 (p = 0.004, p = 0.003, p = 0.014, p = 0.010) and CNT80 (p = 0.002, p = 0.003, p = 0.008, p = 0.013) cows compared with controls. Feeding CNT80 resulted in higher protein content (p = 0.015) but lower fat percentage in milk (p = 0.004) compared to CNT0. Milk urea nitrogen and somatic cell counts were significantly lower in both CNT40 (p < 0.001, p = 0.009) and CNT80 (p < 0.001 for both) compared to CNT0, while milk lactose did not differ between treatments. These findings demonstrate that chestnut tannin extract effectively mitigates EME while enhancing lactation performance in mid-lactation dairy cows
Bats as bioindicators: First insights into seasonal metal exposure and immune stress in bats from mining area
No full textBats play a crucial role in ecosystems, and their long lifespan and preference for specific habitats make them effective bioindicators of environmental quality [1]. Interactions between metal exposure, immune response, and parasitism in bats are complex and species-specific, where metals can simultaneously weaken immunity and influence the risk of infection by various pathogens [2]. This study aimed to investigate the impact of seasonal variation and metal exposure on the immune status of bats, with a particular focus on the role of parasitic infections in modulating these relationships in a mining area. In Eastern Serbia, a region renowned for its rich geological heritage and diverse mining activities, we conducted a study using Miniopterus schreibersii as a model species. Bogovinska Cave is located 2 km from the Bogovina coal mine, while Sesalačka Cave served as a control site distant from direct mining activities. Non-lethal methods were used to collect 35 hair samples (~0.01 g) for metal analysis and blood from the intrafemoral vein for the preparation of blood smears. Romanowsky-stained blood smears were assessed microscopically, evaluating: (1) total leukocyte count, (2) leukogram including neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils, and (3) presence of parasitic inclusions. Five metals, Cr, Fe, Li, Mn, and Zn, were detected in M. schreibersii hair using Inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). We used generalised linear models (GLM) to determine seasonal differences as an effect of metal concentrations and parasites on leukocyte count/distribution, and consequently, immune status. The mean concentrations of detected metals at the investigated sites were: Cr 5.763 mg/kg dw, Fe 143.382 mg/kg dw, Li 0.209 mg/kg dw, Mn 8.329 mg/kg dw and Zn 49.996 mg/kg dw. Although metal concentrations did not differ between sites, parasite composition varied: bats from the mine-exposed site harboured haemosporidians, while those from the control site carried microfilariae. The season had a significant effect on changes in the concentration of Cr, Fe, and Mn in hair, so the highest concentration of these metals was in spring. Significant positive correlations between metals (Cr-Fe, Cr-Mn, Fe-Mn, and Li-Zn) indicate potential common sources or accumulation mechanisms. Seasonal variations in neutrophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes depend on the presence of blood parasites and locality. An increase in the Cr concentration negatively affected the number of lymphocytes, which may indicate the immunosuppressive effect of this metal and the reduced ability of the body to respond to infections. Eosinophil counts did not differ between sites or between infections alone. However, when considering both metal concentrations and parasite type, eosinophils increased with rising metal levels (Cr, Fe, Mn, and Zn) in bats with haemosporidians (Bogovinska Cave), but decreased in bats with microfilariae (Sesalačka Cave), showing a significant interaction effect. These results do not demonstrate a direct causal link between metals and immune modulation, but indicate that bat immune responses reflect a complex interplay of environmental and biological factors. Future studies should adopt a multifactorial approach, integrating metal exposure, parasitism, and other ecological variables to better identify drivers of immune variation in wildlife. This first-of-its-kind study shows that M. schreibersii can serve as a seasonally sensitive bioindicator of metal exposure, with combined hair and leukocyte analyses providing insight into the long-term accumulation and potential health effects of mining pollution.Book of abstract