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Morphometric analysis and sex dimorphism of the autochthonous Lipe sheep
No full textLipe sheep is an autochthonous and endangered breed endemic to a limited area in Serbia, representing an important element of national livestock biodiversity. As a locally adapted genetic resource belonging to the Pramenka group of sheep, it holds ecological, cultural, and production-related value. However, population decline and exclusion from intensive breeding programs have made the population vulnerable to genetic erosion. This study evaluated sexual dimorphism of the Lipe sheep through body measurements, craniometric, and pelvimetric morphometry. A total of 19 adults (10 ewes and 9 rams, aged 2.5 to 3.5 years) were analyzed. Results showed highly significant differences between sexes for body traits (p < 0.001), with rams consistently exhibiting greater val-ues. Significant dimorphism was observed in cranial traits, with rams displaying more pronounced characteristics. Rams also had yellowish to dark, large, triangular, and spirally twisted horns, a key feature of sexual dimorphism. In contrast, no significant differences were found for pelvic traits, suggesting a well-developed pelvis in ewes, ensuring easy lambing and uniform pelvic conformation. These findings indicate that the Lipe sheep exhibits stronger sexual dimorphism in body and cranial morphology while maintaining functional uniformity in pelvic structure. The study contributes to a broader characterization of the Lipe sheep and provides a foundation for targeted conservation and breeding strategies. Preserving this breed helps maintain agrobiodiversity and strengthens its role as a valuable genetic resource.Book of abstract
Monitoring of heavy metals content in fish muscle tissue along the Sava river in Serbia
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the presence of heavy metals (Pb, Cd and Hg) in
the muscle tissue of fish from the Sava River, from two locations: upstream of Belgrade
near Obrenovac and in Belgrade. In order to determine the content of heavy metals
in fish muscle tissue, 196 samples of different types of fish were collected: Prussian
carp, carp, perch and catfish, during the fall and spring of 2023 – 2025. The content of
heavy metals was determined by means of atomic absorption spetrometry. The highest
average content of Pb (0.282±0.068 mg/kg) and Hg (0.303±0.116 mg/kg) was found
in the muscle tissue of catfish, while the lowest average content of Pb and Hg was
determined in the muscle tissue of perch (0.088±0.025 mg/kg), (0.090±0.038 mg/kg),
respectively. The highest average content of Cd was recorded in the muscle tissue of
carp (0.103±0.030 mg/kg), while the lowest was found in the muscle tissue of catfish
(0.032±0.015 mg/kg). In all tested samples, the determined concentrations of Pb and
Hg were below the maximum allowed concentrations regulated by the Rulebook of the
Republic of Serbia and European Union regulations. The determined concentrations
of Cd in the muscle tissue of carp, catfish and Prussian carp were on several locations
above the maximum allowed concentration of 0.05 mg/kg of fresh fish. Fish from this
part of the Sava river cannot be considered completely safe for human consumption,
especially when it comes to species that show a tendency to accumulate Cd. Overall,
seasonal variations were more evident than spatial differences, with several species
showing moderately higher metal concentrations in spring, particularly in 2025,
indicating subtle but recurring seasonal tendencies. Differences between the territories
upstream of Belgrade and within Belgrade were generally small, although mercury
levels were consistently higher at the downstream location, suggesting a mild but stable
spatial influence
Investigation of parameters relevant to the pheasant population in Serbia from 1999 to 2023
No full textThe aim of this study was to present data on the number of pheasants, their harvested numbers
due to hunting, the volume of obtained meat, and the numbers of pheasantries, feeding
grounds for small feathered game, and hunters in Serbia from 1999 to 2023, based on
data from the Statistical Yearbooks of Serbia, which report these parameters for each oddnumbered
year. The average number of pheasants during the study period was 373 thousand,
with 146.2 thousand harvested (39.28% of the total population). From the harvested pheasants,
102.4 tons of meat was obtained. The average number of pheasantries was 500.5, with
varying production capacities. For supplementary feeding of pheasants from late autumn
until spring, an average of 23,880 feeding grounds were installed, maintained by an average
of 83,622 hunters. All examined parameters showed a slight increasing trend from 1999 to
2023, except for the number of pheasants, which showed a decline
Utjecaj uporabe organskih oblika bakra, mangana i cinka na proizvodne rezultate morfometriju crijeva u prasadi
No full textU razdoblju odbića prasad se treba naglo prilagoditi
promjeni vrste hrane koju konzumiraju – s tekućeg,
lako probavljivog i ukusnog mlijeka krmače,
koje se ravnomjerno unosi tijekom dana, na
čvrstu suhu hranu lošije probavljivosti i manjih
organoleptičkih svojstava. Kao posljedica toga,
unos hrane u prvim danima nakon odbića obično
se smanjuje, pa prasad postaje pothranjena i
ima smanjenu stopu rasta, ulazeći u energetski
i proteinski deficit. Odbiće kao faza u uzgoju, uz
sve stresne čimbenike koje podrazumijeva, izaziva
akutne i kronične strukturne te funkcionalne
promjene u tankom crijevu, uključujući skraćivanje
crijevnih resica i povećanje dubine crijevnih
kripti. Atrofija resica i prateća hiperplazija kripti,
uz već oslabljenu crijevnu funkciju, dodatno narušavaju
probavni i apsorpcijski kapacitet, kao i
proizvodne rezultate odbijene prasadi.
Ograničena sposobnost i aktivnost probavnog
sustava prasadi tijekom procesa odbića zahtijevaju
maksimalno prilagođavanje strukture obroka
njihovim specifičnim potrebama. U skladu sa
zahtjevima potrošača, potrošačkih udruga i novih
zakonskih propisa, te s ciljem boljeg iskorištavanja
i veće održivosti hrane, odnosno povećanja
proizvodnje i poboljšanja kvalitete namirnica životinjskog
podrijetla, u smjese za hranidbu svinja
uz osnovne hranjive tvari danas se dodaje i velik
broj aditiva različitih namjena. Katedra za hranidbu
i botaniku organizirala je grupno-kontrolni
pokus s ciljem ispitivanja opravdanosti primjene
organskih oblika mikroelemenata (Cu – bakar,
Mn – mangan, Zn – cink) u hranidbi prasadi, te
njihova utjecaja na zdravstveno stanje, proizvodne
rezultate i morfometrijske značajke pojedinih
dijelova crijeva prasadi. Pokus je proveden na 48
jedinki odbijene prasadi istog podrijetla, podijeljenih
u dvije jednake skupine. Na temelju dobivenih
rezultata može se zaključiti da organski
oblici bakra, mangana i cinka, kao dodaci u hranidbi
prasadi, pokazuju potencijal u promicanju
zdravlja i rasta životinja. Poboljšanjem histoloških
parametara povećana je resorpcijska površina
crijeva, što je rezultiralo boljim proizvodnim
učinkom prasadi.Zbornik radov
Identification of a mould of the Scedosporium genus isolated from milk of a cow with mastitis
No full textThis case report presents the basic parameters that led to the identification of a mould
from the genus Scedosporium, isolated from mastitic cow’s milk. The macroscopic and
microscopic characteristics of the isolate and the result of the identification by MALDITOF
mass spectrometry are given. As this is the first report on the identification of
Scedosporium in the Balkan region, the data could be useful for laboratories in the region
working with materials of animal origin
Anesthesia and surgical management of humeral fracture in the wild swan
No full textA wild, unmarked swan with a trauma of the left wing was found in the Belgrade
metropolitan area. After a physical and radiographic examination, it was determined
that the swan had a fracture of the left humerus. After a one-day stabilization, the
swan underwent intervention, stabilization of the left humerus with an intramedullary
pin, a plate (LC DCP 2.7 mm) and 8 × cortical rods (2.7 mm). The patient was
under complete monitoring during the surgical intervention under general inhalation
anesthesia (sevoflurane). According to our knowledge is the first described case of
surgical repair of a fractured humerus in a wild swan in Serbia. After the surgical
procedure was performed, the wild swan was under constant veterinary supervision.
After full recovery, the swan was released at the location where it was found. This case
presents the importance of quick and adequate patient evaluation, selection of a proper
anesthetic protocol, and importance of postoperative care in avian orthopedic patients
Nutritivna vrednost mesa jelenske divljači: jelena lopatara (Dama dama), evropskog jelena (Cervus elaphus) i srne (Capreolus capreolus)
No full textThe study aimed to compare the chemical composition (proximate, mineral, fatty acid,
and amino acid composition) and nutritional value of meat from three deer species
(fallow deer, red deer, and roe deer). A total of eighteen male carcasses of three species
were collected. Proximate composition of deer meat (M. longissimus lumborum) did
not differ among the three deer species, while deer species affected the content of
most minerals (Ca, P, Na, Mg, Fe, Mn, and Zn). In the present study analysis of the
fatty acid profile of deer meat showed that the polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) to
saturated fatty acid ratio and n-6/n-3 PUFA ratio were, for all three deer species, within
the recommended values. Furthermore, based on nutritional indexes (n-6/n-3 PUFA
ratio, atherogenicity index, hypocholesterolaemic to hypercholesterolaemic fatty acid
ratio, and nutrition value index), it is concluded that roe deer meat had the highest,
while fallow deer meat had the lowest nutritive value. Although the content of certain
essential amino acids (isoleucine and valine) was lower in fallow deer meat than in red
deer and roe deer meat (p≤0.05), the ratio of essential to non-essential amino acids was
higher in fallow deer than in the two other deer species (p≤0.05).Cilj ovog rada je bio upoređivanje osnovnog hemijskog, mineralnog, masnokiselinskog
i aminokiselinskog sastava i nutritivne vrednosti mesa tri vrste jelenske divljači (jelen
lopatar, evropski jelen i srna). Ukupno je prikupljeno osamnaest trupova od jedinki
muškog pola tri vrste jelenske divljači. Osnovni hemijski sastav mesa jelenske divljači
nije se razlikovao između tri poređene vrste jelena, dok je vrsta jelenske divljači uticala
na sadržaj većine minerala u mesu (Ca, P, Na, Mg, Fe, Mn i Zn). Analizom masno-kiselinskog
sastava mesa jelenske divljači utvrđeno je da je odnos polinezasićenih masnih
kiselina (PUFA) prema zasićenim masnim kiselinama i odnos n-6/n-3 PUFA za sve tri
vrste jelenske divljači bio u granicama preporučenih vrednosti. Pored toga, na osnovu
nutritivnih indeksa (odnos n-6/n-3 PUFA, indeks aterogenosti, odnos hipoholesterolemičnih
i hiperholesterolemičnih masnih kiselina i indeks nutritivne vrednosti), utvrđeno
je da meso srne ima najvišu, a meso jelena lopatara najnižu nutritivnu vrednost.
Iako je sadržaj pojedinih esencijalnih aminokiselina (izoleucin i valin) bio manji u mesu
jelena lopatara nego u mesu evropskog jelena i srne (p≤0,05), odnos esencijalnih i
neesencijalnih aminokiselina bio je veći kod jelena lopatara nego kod dve druge vrste
jelena (p≤0,05)
Istraživanje uticaja različitih sojeva Bacillus thuringiensis na crevne promene Ascaris suum
No full textThe parasitic nematode Ascaris suum is an economically significant worm that infects
pigs and causes health issues and economic losses in pig farming. The intestine of A.
suum is a long, straight tube that runs from the mouth to the anus and can be colonized
by bacteria. Several bacteria have been studied for their potential antinematocidal
effects. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), a soil bacterium known to produce many toxic crystal
proteins (Cry), is emerging as a promising candidate for nematode control. Treatment
of A. suum with all tested Bt strains (SS_26.2, SS_29.2, SS_35.1, SS_37.7) resulted
in histopathological changes in the parasite intestine. Our research highlights the
anthelmintic effect of Cry proteins and emphasizes the potential of Bt as an alternative
tool for controlling parasitic nematodes of domestic animals. The studied strains are
promising for the eradication of A. suum as a novel, environmentally friendly and costeffective
One Health approach, but further testing in pigs is needed to confirm these
findings.Parazitska nematoda Ascaris suum je ekonomski značajan crv koji infi cira svinje i izaziva
zdravstvene probleme i ekonomske gubitke u proizvodnji svinja. Crevo Ascaris suum
je duga, ravna cev koja ide od usta do anusa i može biti kolonizovana bakterijama.
Nekoliko bakterija je proučavano zbog njihovog potencijalnog antinematodnog efekta.
Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) bakterija iz zemljišta za koju se zna da proizvodi mnogo
toksičnih kristalnih proteina (Cry), pojavljuje se kao obećavajući kandidat za kontrolu
nematoda. Tretman Ascaris suum sa svim testiranim sojevima Bt (SS_26.2, SS_29.2,
SS_35.1, SS_37.7) rezultirali su histopatološkim promenama u crevima parazita. Naše
istraživanje naglašava antihelmintički efekat Cry proteina i naglašava potencijal Bt kao
alternativno sredstvo za suzbijanje parazitskih nematoda domaćih životinja. Proučavani
sojevi bakterija obećavajući su faktor za iskorenjivanje Ascaris suum kao novi, ekološki
prihvatljiv i isplativ pristup koji se naziva ,,Jedno Zdravlje“, ali je potrebno dalje
testiranje na svinjama da bi se naši nalazi potvrdili
Male klanice za stabilan razvoj stočarstva u brdsko-planinskim područjima Srbije
No full textZbornik radova sa nučno-stručnog skupa održanog 7. juna 2023. godin
Natural and artificial radionuclides in the sediment, water, and fish samples from the Sava River in Serbia, Slovenia and Croatia: comparing past and recent findings
No full textThis study investigates the activity concentrations of natural (40K, 238U, 226Ra, 232Th) and artificial (137Cs) radionuclides in the sediment, water, and fish samples collected along the Sava River in Serbia, Croatia, and Slovenia in 2022. Gamma spectrometric measurements showed that in the sediment samples from Serbia, the mean activity concentrations were 423 Bq kg−1, 31 Bq kg−1, 31 Bq kg−1, and 32 Bq kg−1, for 40K, 238U, 226Ra, and 232Th, respectively, in agreement with the natural background levels. Sediment samples from Slovenia and Croatia showed similar results, indicating uniformity along the riverbed. The water samples were within the acceptable range of the radionuclides’ concentrations for drinking water, while in fish samples, only 40K was detected. The study also presents long-term monitoring (1999–2022) of the 137Cs activity concentration in the Sava River sediment, combining data from three national programs. Cesium-137 was primarily present in sediment, with significant spatial and temporal variations. Due to the small 137Cs discharges from the Krško Nuclear Power Plant and relatively significant uncertainties in sampling and measurements, we can conclude that the radiation effects of the power plant are undetectable, and that the 137Cs activity concentrations in the Sava River sediment result from global contamination