Procter & Gamble (United Kingdom)
Veterinar - Repository of the Faculty of Veterinary MedicineNot a member yet
5141 research outputs found
Sort by
The importance of prioritization of zoonotic diseases in the concept of "One health"
No full textПриоритизација зоонозних болести односи се на процес идентификовања и рангирања зоонозних болести према њиховом потенцијалном утицају на здравље људи и животиња и потребу за хитним интервенцијама. Одређене зоонозе се сматрају важнијим и приоритетнијим за ресурсе у истраживању, превенцији и контролним мјерама него друге. То подразумијева анализу ризика ширења болести међу људима и животињама на одређеном простору. Колико је болест озбиљна показује се кроз стопу морбидитета и морталитета, а веома је битна доступност ефикасних третмана или превентивних мјера као што је вакцинација. Високи трошкови, недостатак новца и одређени социо-културни фактори могу значајно да утичу на ширење болести. Приоритизација није статички процес него се може мијењати у зависности од појаве нових сојева болести или промјена у окружењу. Циљ приоритизације је да се максимизира утицај расположивих, а често ограничених ресурса на смањење ризика од зоонозних болести и заштиту јавног здравља. Наводимо примјер потврђених случајева хоспитализација и смртних случајева људи због зооноза узрокованих храном у ЕУ, 2023: Campylobacteriosis 148.181 (44), Salmonellosis 77.486 (88), STEC infections 10.217 (31), Yersiniosis 8.738 (1), Listeriosis 2.952 (335), Tularaemia 1.185 (2), Echinococcosis 929 (3), Q fever 805 (4), West Nile virus infection 713 (75), Brucellosis 259 (0), Tuberculosis caused by M. bovis, M. caprae 138 (NA), Trichinellosis 76 (0), Rabies 1 (NA).
Концепт "Jедно здравље" (One Health) наглашава међузависност здравља људи, животиња и животне средине. Приоритизациjа зоонозних болести кључна jе компонента овог концепта. Без ефикасног приступа управљању зоонозама, здравље људи и животиња је озбиљно угрожено. Приоритизациjа зооноза у контексту "Jедног здравља" захтиjева мултисекторски приступ. Доктори медицине и ветеринарске медицине, еколози, научници, пољопривредници и креатори политика мораjу да сарађују како би се ефикасно супротставили овом изазову. Оваj приступ подразумиjева побољшање надзора и раног откривања зоонозних болести код животиња и људи, брзо реаговање на избиjања епидемиjа, јачање капацитета за превенциjу и контролу, инвестирање у истраживање, едукациjу и обуку здравствених и ветеринарских радника и становништва. Промовисање одговорне праксе у пољопривреди, прехрамбеној индустрији и управљању дивљим животињама могу смањити ризик од преношења зооноза, укључујући побољшање хигиjенских стања, смањење контакта између људи и животиња те провођење бибезбедносних мjера. Зоонозе не познаjу границе, стога jе ефикасно управљање њима могуће само кроз међународну сурадњу и размjену информациjа.Prioritization of zoonotic diseases refers to the process of identifying and ranking zoonotic diseases according to their potential impact on human and animal health and the need for urgent interventions. Certain zoonoses are considered more important and prioritized for resources in research, prevention and control measures than others. This involves analyzing the risk of disease spread among humans and animals in a given area. The severity of a disease is measured by morbidity and mortality rates, and the availability of effective treatments or preventive measures such as vaccination is very important. High costs, lack of money and certain socio-cultural factors can significantly affect the spread of disease. Prioritization is not a static process but can change depending on the emergence of new disease strains or changes in the environment. The goal of prioritization is to maximize the impact of available, and often limited, resources on reducing the risk of zoonotic diseases and protecting public health. Here is an example of confirmed cases, hospitalizations and deaths in humans, caused by food-borne zoonoses in the EU, 2023: Campylobacteriosis 148,181 (44), Salmonellosis 77,486 (88), STEC infections 10,217 (31), Yersiniosis 8,738 (1), Listeriosis 2,952 (335), Tularaemia 1,185 (2), Echinococcosis 929 (3), Q fever 805 (4), West Nile virus infection 713 (75), Brucellosis 259 (0), Tuberculosis caused by M. bovis, M. caprae 138 (NA), Trichinellosis 76 (0), Rabies 1 (NA).
The concept of "One Health" emphasizes the interdependence of human, animal and environmental health. Prioritizing zoonotic diseases is a key component of this concept. Without an effective approach to managing zoonoses, human and animal health is seriously threatened. Prioritizing zoonoses in the context of "One Health" requires a multisectoral approach. Medical and veterinary doctors, environmentalists, scientists, farmers and policymakers must work together to effectively confront this challenge. This approach involves improving surveillance and early detection of zoonotic diseases in animals and humans, responding rapidly to outbreaks, strengthening capacities for prevention and control, investing in research, education and training of health and veterinary workers and the population. Promoting responsible practices in agriculture, the food industry and wildlife management can reduce the risk of zoonotic disease transmission, including improving hygiene conditions, reducing contact between people and animals, and implementing biosecurity measures. Zoonoses do not recognize borders, making their effective management possible only through international cooperation and information exchange.Zbornik kratkih sadržaj
Toward natural wound healing therapy: honey and Calendula officinalis loaded κ-carrageenan films with promising hemostatic potential
No full textEfficient wound treatment embraces the management
of four overlapping phases, starting with hemostasis, an immediate physiological response
aimed at stopping bleeding from damaged blood vessels caused by skin injury. This paper
proposes an innovative, nature-based hemostatic biomaterial designed to assist natural
self-healing regenerative mechanisms. Methods: Light, transparent, and skin-adhesive
films based on κ-carrageenan, meadow polyfloral honey, and Calendula officinalis flower
extract were fabricated via solution casting. Comprehensive characterization revealed the
physicochemical, structural, swelling, and barrier properties and the influence of each
bioactive compound utilized for film preparation. Results: The samples subcutaneously
implanted inWistar rats induced vascularization, deposition of collagen, and orientation of
collagen fibers while being fully phagocytosed and gradually biodegraded. The rat tail-cut
model demonstrated that the films significantly reduced blood loss (0.1875 ± 0.0732 g)
compared to the control (0.7837 ± 0.3319 g), and hemostasis was achieved notably faster
(355.75 ± 71.42 s) than in the control group (704.25 ± 85.29 s). The rat liver punch
biopsy model confirmed reduced blood loss (2.8025 ± 1.5174 g) and shorter time to
hemostasis (303.25 ± 77.90 s) compared to the control (3.1475 ± 1.5413 g, 383.00 ± 36.53 s).
Conclusions: The results indicate the great potential of the fabricated films as hemostatic
wound dressings
Prevalence of burnout and depressive symptoms among healthcare workers in the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Belgrade
No full textA cross-sectional study was conducted among all the employees of the “Barajevo” Health Center using the following questionnaires: Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS) for measuring three aspects of the burnout syndrome (emotional exhaustion (EE), depersonalization (DP), and personal accomplishment (PA)); Patient Health Quality 9 (PHQ-9) for self-assessment of depressive symptoms, and sociodemographic characteristics of respondents were collected through a general questionnaire. Only completely completed questionnaires were included in the study, which was 71. No statistically significant differences were found between the frequency of depressive symptoms based on the score of the PHQ9 questionnaire among both medical and non-medical personnel as well as among employees in the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 zones. Based on the average values of the scores of the PHQ9 questionnaire, it was determined that the employees who worked in the COVID-19 zone had a significantly higher (p < 0.05) average value of the PHQ9 score (6.84 ± 5.73) compared to the average value of the PHQ9 score of employees in the non-COVID-19 zone (4.00 ± 3.70). A moderate to high level of emotional exhaustion was observed in more than 50% of respondents. Low level of depersonalization was noted in 70.4%, whereas the majority of employees, 53.5%, exhibited low levels of personal accomplishment. Only 1 patient (1.4%) met all three criteria for high burnout, while 67 (94.4%) of them belonged to the moderate overall burnout category
Mleko kao biomarker u konceptu Jednog zdravlja
No full textКонцепт „Једног здравља“ (One Health) наглашава међусобну повезаност здравља људи, животиња и животне средине. Као комплексан биолошки флуид, млеко може служити као биомаркер за процену здравственог стања млечних животиња. Такође, анализа нутритивног квалитета млека важна је са аспекта здравствене безбедности за људе, али и самих еколошких фактора који утичу на његов квалитет. Биохемијски показатељи, уз микробиолошке и хемијске контаминантне у млеку, омогућавају рану детекцију болести код животиња, присуства зоонотских патогена и изложености штетним агенсима. Промењен састав млека може рефлектовати метаболичке поремећаје, док повећана концетрација тешких метала, пестицида и микотоксина у млеку може негативно утицати на здравље животиња, посебно на репродуктивни и нервни систем, а и повећати ризик од развоја канцера. Истовремено, нутритивни састав млека има кључну улогу у људском здрављу, јер обезбеђује есенцијалне макро и микронутријенте, укључујући протеине високе биолошке вредности, есенцијалне масне киселине, витамине и минерале. Међутим, присуство зоонотских патогена, попут Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Brucella spp. и Mycobacterium bovis, може довести до озбиљних инфективних болести код људи, нарочито код имунокомпромитованих особа, трудница и деце. Поред тога, контаминација млека екотоксикантима (тешке метали, пестициди, микотоксини и др.) може представљати дугорочни здравствени ризик, потенцијално доприносећи развоју хроничних болести, као што су карцином, неуролошки поремећаји и ендокрини дисбаланс. Млеко може послужити и као индикатор здравља животне средине, омогућавајући детекцију контаминената који указују на промене у екосистему, укључујући ефекте климатских промена и загађења. Интеграција анализе млека у оквиру концепта „Једног здравља“ омогућава свеобухватну стратегију управљања здравственим ризицима, унапређењу контроле безбедности хране и заштити екосистема. Овај мултидисциплинарни приступ доприноси одрживој производњи, заштити јавног здравља и смањењу еколошких ризика.Zbornik kratkih sadržaja radov
Morphometric analysis and sex dimorphism of the autochthonous Lipe sheep
No full textLipe sheep is an autochthonous and endangered sheep endemic to a limited area in
Serbia, representing an important element of national livestock biodiversity. As a
locally adapted genetic resource, belonging to the Pramenka group of sheep, it holds
ecological, cultural, and production-related value. However, population decline and
exclusion from intensive breeding programs have made the population vulnerable to
genetic erosion. This study evaluated sex dimorphism of the Lipe sheep through
body measurements, craniometric, and pelvimetric morphometry. A total of 19
adults (10 ewes and 9 rams, aged 2.5 to 3.5 years) were analyzed. Results showed
highly significant differences between sexes for body traits (p < 0.001), with rams
consistently exhibiting greater values. Significant dimorphism was observed in
cranial traits, with rams displaying more pronounced characteristics. Rams also had
yellowish to dark, large, triangularly shaped, and spirally twisted horns, a key feature of sexual dimorphism. In contrast, no significant differences were found for pelvic
traits, suggesting well-developed pelvis in ewes, ensuring easy lambing and uniform
pelvic conformation. These findings indicate that the Lipe sheep exhibits stronger
sex dimorphism in body and cranial morphology while maintaining functional
uniformity in pelvic structure. The study contributes to a broader characterization of
the Lipe sheep and provides a foundation for targeted conservation and breeding
strategies. Preserving this sheep helps maintain agrobiodiversity and strengthens its
role as a valuable genetic resource
A New Technique for Marking Queen Bees (Apis mellifera) for Better Visibility and Easier Spotting
No full textWhile marking queens is an optional rather than mandatory technique, it is
increasingly becoming a standard practice in modern beekeeping. Finding queens in strong
colonies and large apiaries is a time-consuming process. The visible and durable marking
of the queen enables it to be seen more quickly, directly improving productivity in apiary
management. This study examined a new technique for marking queens using an oil-based
marker, which involved marking not only the thorax (as a standard technique) but also
the wings and abdomen. The durability of the marking was assessed by measuring color
retention at the start of the experiment and after five months. Two groups of queens
were formed: an experimental group, marked with the new technique on three body
parts—Group O (n = 12) and a control group of unmarked queens—Group N (n = 12). The
most durable color retention was observed on the thorax (54.4%) and abdomen (14.4%),
while retention on the wings was weaker (2.4%), necessitating reapplication during the
season. Considering the proportion of the total marked area, abdomen marking gave better
results (9.5%) compared to the thorax (5.4%) and wings (0.6%) marking. The application
of this marking technique showed no negative effects on queen acceptance, survival, or
supersedure. Marking three body parts can increase the queen’s visibility in a non-invasive
way, improving work efficiency
Effect of milking systems on milk yield and composition
No full textТип муже има значајан утицај на продуктивност и квалитет млека у савременом млекарству, због чега је циљ овог истраживања био да се испита утицај различитих система муже на принос и хемијски састав млека. Анализа је обухватила 432 узорка сировог млека прикупљена током три године са 12 фарми, распоређених у четири различита система муже (стабилни – тандем, полустабилни, покретни и аутоматизовани – робот), по три фарме за сваки систем. Испитиван је принос млека као и параметри хемијског састава: садржај млечне масти, протеина, лактозе, суве материје и суве материје без масти. Коришћени су дескриптивни статистички параметри, заједно са ANOVA (анализа варијансе) за процену значајности разлика и Пирсонов коефицијент корелације за испитивање корелација између различитих параметара. Највећи просечан принос млека забележен је на фармама са робот мужом, а најмањи на фармама са покретним музним апаратом. Садржај млечне масти и протеина био је значајно нижи (p<0,05) у узорцима са фарми са робот системом муже у поређењу са узорцима са фарми конвенционалним системима муже. Садржај лактозе показао је статистички значајне разлике између узорака са фарми са различитим системима муже, као и вредности суве материје и суве материје без масти. Добијени резултати указују на значај избора система муже у циљу оптимизације приноса и одржавања квалитета млека.Milking mechanization has a significant impact on milk productivity and quality in modern dairy farming. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the effect of different milking systems on milk yield and chemical composition. The analysis included 432 raw milk samples collected over three years from 12 dairy farms, categorized into four different milking systems (pipeline – tandem parlor, semi-mobile, mobile, and automated – robotic), with three farms per system. The analyzed parameters included milk yield, milk fat content, protein, lactose, total solids, and solids non-fat. Descriptive statistical parameters were used, along with ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) to assess the significance of differences, and Pearson's correlation coefficient to examine correlations between the various parameters. The highest average milk yield was recorded on farms with robotic milking systems, while the lowest yield was found on farms using mobile milking machines. The fat and protein contents were significantly lower (p<0.05) in samples from farms with robotic milking systems compared to those with conventional systems. Statistically significant differences were also observed in lactose content, as well as in total solids and solids-not-fat among samples from farms using different milking systems. A strong positive correlation was found between several parameters of the chemical composition. The results highlight the importance of selecting an appropriate milking system to optimize milk yield and maintain milk quality.Zbornik radov
Pesticides grouping approaches and the importances of risk assessment of pesticides residues in food
No full textШироко распрострањена и екстензивна употреба пестицида у биљној производњи за смањење губитака од корова, болести и инсеката може имати озбиљне последице по екосистем и здравље људи. Пестициди се користе на скоро свим усевима (нпр. житарице, поврће, виногради и воћњаци) и могу се акумулисати у различитим матриксима животне средине. Појава и налажење резидуа пестицида у животној средини резултат је њиховог премештања и миграције са циљаних на подручја ван циља, што доводи до њихове честе детекције у земљишту, води и ваздуху. Европска агенција за безбедност хране (EFSA) развила је приступ о кумулативној процени ризика од пестицида додељивањем појединачних пестицида у кумулативне групе за процену. Процена ризика је ригорозан научни процес којим EFSA омогућава и помаже пре свега јавности да омогући да животиње, биљке и животна средина буду безбедне од опасности које се преносе храном. Упознавање са класификацијом, проценом ризика и значајем ове тематике само је један ближи пут здравој и безбедној храни. Забринутост за безбедност је потреба за контролисањем савремене опасности по здравље изазваним пестицидима. Ефикасна имплементација мониторинга хране има као крајњи циљ заштиту здравља људи и животне средине. Анализа резултата кроз кораке идентификације, карактеризације, степен изложености и карактеризацију ризика је од значаја за сагледавање утицаја на здравље људи и унапређење бриге о безбедности. Са друге стране, спровођење прописа, одговарајућа обука и образовање могу утицати на ублажавање негативних утицаја употребе пестицида и промовисати сигурну и одрживу пољопривредну праксу.The widespread and extensive use of pesticides in crop production to reduce losses from weeds, diseases and insects can have serious consequences for the ecosystem and human health. Pesticides are used on almost all crops (e.g. cereals, vegetables, vineyards and orchards) and can accumulate in various environmental matrices. The occurrence and detection of pesticide residues in the environment is the result of their translocation and migration from target to non-target areas, leading to their frequent detection in soil, water and air. The European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) has developed an approach to cumulative risk assessment of pesticides by assigning individual pesticides to cumulative assessment groups. Risk assessment is a rigorous scientific process by which EFSA enables and helps, above all, the public, to ensure that animals, plants and the environment are safe from food-borne hazards. Becoming familiar with classification, risk assessment and the importance of this topic is just one step closer to healthy and safe food. Safety concerns are the need to control the modern health hazards caused by pesticides. The effective implementation of food monitoring has as its ultimate goal the protection of human health and the environment. Analysis of the results through the steps of identification, characterization, exposure levels and risk characterization are important for understanding the impact on human health and improving safety concerns. On the other hand, enforcement, appropriate training and education can help mitigate the negative impacts of pesticide use and promote safe and sustainable agricultural practices.Zbornik radov
Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Prokupac Grape Pomace Extract: Implications for Redox Modulation in Honey Bee Cells
No full textThere is a growing interest in using agri-food by-products and a demand for
natural substances that might help maintain healthy honey bee colonies. We investigated
a by-product of the wine industry, a grape pomace (GP) of the autochthonous Prokupac
grape cultivar from Serbia. A hydroethanolic extract (50% (w/v) ethanol) of GP (Prokupac
GP extract) obtained by the pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method was subjected to
qualitative profiling of phenolic composition by liquid chromatography with OrbiTrap
Exploris 120 mass spectrometer. Then, the extracts’ antioxidant and redox-modulatory
activities were evaluated through Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Finally,
the extract’s potential to modulate cellular redox status was evaluated using cultured
AmE-711 honey bee cells. The results show that the Prokupac GP extract contains a wide
array of flavonoids, anthocyanins, stilbenes, and their various conjugated derivatives and
that anthocyanins, particularly malvidin-based compounds, dominate. EPR measurements
showed strong scavenging activity against superoxide anion (O2
•−) and hydroxyl radicals
(•OH), with inhibition efficiencies of 84.37% and 81.81%, respectively, while activity against
the DPPH radical was lower (17.75%). In the cell-based assay, the Prokupac GP extract
consistently provided strong antioxidant protection and modulated the cellular response to
oxidative stress by over 14%. In conclusion, while the Prokupac GP extract demonstrated
antioxidant properties and the ability to modulate cellular responses to oxidative stress,
in vivo studies on honey bees are required to confirm its efficacy and safety for potential
use in beekeeping practice
Retrospektivna analiza tumora adneks struktura kože pasa tokom petogodišnjeg perioda
No full textThis research provides a retrospective analysis of skin adnexal tumors (SATs) in
canines, diagnosed between 2019 and 2023. The objective was to assess the prevalence,
classification, and localization of these tumors. Tissue samples from 3886 dogs collected
during a five-year period were examined at the Laboratory of Pathology of the Faculty
of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Serbia. Diagnoses were classified
based on the criteria set by the World Health Organization. Statistical analysis included
data on breed, sex, age, and tumor location. A total of 511 SATs were diagnosed,
accounting for 13.15 % of all diagnoses obtained after the examination of canine
tissue over five years and 31.43 % of all canine skin tumors. Of these, 56.75 % were
benign and 43.25 % malignant. The most frequently observed types were sebaceous
and modified sebaceous gland tumors (55.38 %), followed by follicular tumors (37.96
%). Male dogs (56.36 %) exhibited a higher incidence of SATs compared to females
(41.10 %). The most frequently affected were mixed-breed dogs (17.61 %), bichons
(11.55 %), and poodles (6.26 %). The mean age of dogs with SATs was 9.1 years,
with tumors predominantly found on the head (26.61 %) and in the perianal region
(24.07 %). This study offers valuable insights into the prevalence and characteristics
of canine SATs, emphasizing the predominance of sebaceous gland tumors and the
notable occurrence of malignancy. These findings underscore the importance of early
diagnosis and highlight the need for further research into breed predispositions and
prognostic factors.Ova studija predstavlja retrospektivnu analizu tumora adneks struktura kože kod pasa
dijagnostikovanih u periodu od 2019. do 2023. godine. Cilj istraživanja bio je da se
odredi prevalenca, tip i lokalizacija ovih tumora. Uzorci tkiva od ukupno 3886 pasa
prikupljeni tokom petogodišnjeg perioda ispitivani su u Laboratoriji za patologiju Fakulteta
veterinarske medicine Univerziteta u Beogradu, Srbija. Dijagnostikovani tumori
klasifikovani su prema kriterijumima Svetske zdravstvene organizacije. Statistički su
analizirani podaci o rasi, polu, starosti i lokalizaciji tumora. Ukupno je dijagnostikovano
511 adneksalnih tumora kože, što predstavlja 13,15 % svih dijagnoza dobijenih
nakon analize uzoraka tkiva pasa u petogodišnjem periodu i 31,43 % svih tumora kože
kod pasa. Od ukupnog broja, 56,75 % tumora bilo je benigno, dok je 43,25 % bilo
maligno. Najčešće dijagnostikovani tumori bili su tumori lojne žlezde i modifikovanih
lojnih žlezda (55,38 %), a zatim folikularni tumori (37,96 %). Učestalost adneksalnih
tumora kože bila je veća kod mužjaka (56,36 %) nego kod ženki (41,10 %). Najčešće
pogođeni bili su psi mešanci (17,61 %), bišoni (11,55 %) i pudle (6,26 %). Prosečna
starost pasa sa tumorima adneks struktura kože iznosila je 9,1 godina, dok su tumori
najčešće lokalizovani na glavi (26,61 %) i u perianalnoj regiji (24,07 %). Ova studija
pruža dragocene uvide u prevalencu i karakteristike tumora adneks struktura kože kod
pasa, naglašavajući dominaciju tumora lojnih žlezda i značajnu učestalost maligniteta.
Nalazi ističu važnost rane dijagnoze i potrebu za daljim istraživanjima predispozicija
po rasi, kao i prognostičkih faktora