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Prikaz slučaja trovanja etilen-glikolom kod domaće mačke
No full textZbornik radova i kratkih sadržaj
Kliničko-parazitološki značaj telazioze pasa i mačaka
No full textThelaziosis is an eye disease of parasitic etiology, caused by nematodes from the genus Thelazia (Spirurida, Thelaziidae). In addition to domestic animals (cattle, horses, dogs and cats), the disease also occurs in wild animals, mammals and birds. Thelazia nematodes have zoonotic potential and can be transmitted from animals (most often dogs) to humans through the population of intermediate hosts – fruit flies from the Drosophilidae family. Infection with the species Thelazia callipaeda has an endemic character, and the disease mainly occurs Europe in the period from May to October, when the activity of the intermediate hosts of this nematode is increased. The presence of these parasites in dogs and cats in Serbia is expected, given that the climatic conditions in this epizootiological area are identical to those in the countries where autochthonous cases of thelaziosis have been reported. The disease is accompanied by increased ocular discharge, conjunctivitis and keratitis. Diagnosis of thelaziosis can be very simple in cases of high intensity infections, when the parasites are observed macroscopically in the dog’s eye. In some cases, allergic or bacterial conjunctivitis, from which thelaziosis is difficult to distinguish, can complicate the diagnosis of this parasitosis.Telazioza predstavlja oboljenje očiju parazitske etiologije, koje prouzrokuju nematode
iz roda Thelazia (Spirurida, Thelaziidae). Pored domaćih životinja (goveda, konji, psi
i mačke), oboljenje se javlja i kod divljih životinja, sisara i ptica. Nematode iz roda
Thelazia poseduju zoonozni potencijal i mogu se sa životinja (najčešće pasa) preneti na
čoveka, putem populacije prelaznih domaćina – voćne mušice iz familije Drosophilidae.
Infekcija vrstom T. callipaeda ima endemski karakter, a oboljenje se uglavnom javlja u
periodu od maja do oktobra kada je najveća aktivnost prelaznih domaćina ove nematode.
Prisustvo parazita kod pasa i mačaka u Republici Srbiji je očekivano, s obzirom
da su klimatski uslovi na ovom epizootiološkom području identični kao i u zemljama
u kojima su prijavljeni autohtoni slučajevi telazioze. Oboljenje je praćeno pojačanim
suzenjem, crvenilom oka i konjunktivitisom, a u težim slučajevima se može javiti keratitis.
Dijagnostika telazioze može biti veoma jednostavna, u slučajevima infekcija
visokog intenziteta, kada se paraziti makroskopski primećuju u oku psa. U pojedinim
slučajevima, problem u dijagnostici ove parazitoze mogu napraviti alergijski ili bakterijski
konjunktivitis, od kojih se telazioza teško razlikuje. U cilju sprečavanja širenja oboljenja
iz endemskih regiona u neendemska područja, od ključnog značaja je profilaksa
telazioze pasa i mačaka. Tretman životinja antihelminticima, antibioticima i hirurški
kod infekcija visokog intenziteta, neophodan je za kontrolu infekcije i smanjenje tendencije
njenog širenja među humanom populacijom u neendemskim krajevima, kao i
smanjenje rizika koji T. callipaeda predstavlja za javno zdravlje
Tibial plateau levelling osteotomy: significance of matrix metalloproteinases in long-term monitoring of canine stifle stabilization after cranial cruciate ligament rupture
No full textCranial cruciate ligament rupture is one of the most common causes of osteoarthritis in dogs. Surgical stabilization is obligatory and tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) is the most commonly used surgical technique. Studies on the long-term monitoring of matrix metallo-proteinases (MMPs) and acute-phase proteins are limited, especially those with parallel monitoring of changes in the serum, synovial fluid (SF) and urine. We aimed to describe long-term changes in 1) MMPs: gelatinases and caseinases, 2) APPs: ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin and paraoxonase-1, and 3) the correlation of MMPs in the serum, SF and urine with lameness in dogs 2 and 6 months undergoing TPLO. From 17 dogs diagnosed with cranial cruciate ligament rupture, sera, SF and urine samples were collected preoperative 2 and 6 months after the surgery. Relative activity (RA) of MMPs was measured in all samples using zymography. Acute-phase proteins were measured in the serum and SF using spectrophotometry and agarose gel electrophoresis. Relative activity of MMPs in serum was not change at different sampling points. In SF, a marked decrease in MMPs RA was evident, however, only RA of caseinases was significantly reduced during the recovery period. In urine, RA of caseinases was positively correlated with the lameness score with decreasing activity trend during time. Serum and synovial acute-phase proteins were not changed after surgery, which was consistent with the agarose gel analyses. Decreased activity of caseinases pointed to reduced degradation of extracellular matrix after TPLO. Synovial and urine caseinases are potential biomarkers in predicting the recovery outcome following stifle stabilization
Implementation of good hygiene practices in a milk processing plant
No full textThis paper will describe the implementation of good hygiene practices in a milk processing plant during the production of yogurt and steamed mozzarella cheese to reduce the risk of foodborne diseases, ensuring that milk and dairy products are safe and suitable for consumption. Milk, being highly perishable, is particularly susceptible to contamination and the growth of microorganisms if proper hygiene practices are not followed during its production and processing. The effectiveness of pasteurization is crucial in eliminating harmful microorganisms, but it should be viewed as only one aspect of a broader food safety system. Milk processing is a highly regulated and complex chain that starts from raw materials at the farm level and extends all the way to the finished product.Proceeding
Application of medicinal herbs in veterinary medicine
No full textПримена лековитих биљака последњих година добија на значају у ветеринарској медицини. Велики број лековито-зачинских биљака које су самоникле, могу или се узгајају као ратарске културе, расту на подручју Западног Балкана и имају примену у медицини. Историјска употреба лековитог биља за лечење и превенцију болести животиња позната је од давнина на нашем подручју. Лековито биље садржи бројне метаболите који служе као одбрамбени агенси од патогених микроорганизама. Бројни активни принципи које поседују биљке могу се користити као природна замена за антибиотике, а који испољавају антиинфламаторна, антиоксидативна, антисептична и имуномодулаторна својства у организму. Поједине биљке имају лаксативни ефекат, који као активне материје садрже антрахинонске гликозиде (кора крушине и лист сене, корен белог слеза) или ароматична једињења која подстичу секрецију сокова за варење и стимулишу цревну персталтику. Такође, примена чајева са високим садржајем танина, зауставља секрецију и губитак течности, што убрзо доводи до нормализовања столице у терапији дијареја код животиња. Танини, такође, имају адстригентни ефекат, с обзиром да реагују са протеинима бактеријским спољног омотача, спречавајући их да дођу у контакт са слузницом црева. Додатно, бројне биљке поседују биоактивна биљна секундарна једињења, као што су алкалоиди, флавоноиди, сапонини, танини, феноли, терпеноиди, етерична уља и пиперин, који побољшавају конверзије хране, регулишу микрофлору дигестивног тракта и појачавају имунитет. У терапијске сврхе лековите биљке могу се користити као чајеви, екстракти, затим као свеже или суво биље, као уља декокти, слузи и тинктуре. Због тога, сврха овог рада била је да укаже на значај лековитог биља кроз примере и индикације за њихову примену.The use of medicinal plants has gained importance in veterinary medicine in recent years. Many medicinal and spicy plants that grow wild or are cultivated as field crops in the Western Balkans have medical uses. The historical use of medicinal plants for the treatment and prevention of animal diseases has been known since ancient times in our area. Medicinal plants contain numerous metabolites that serve as defense agents against pathogenic microorganisms. Numerous active principles possessed by plants can be used as natural substitutes for antibiotics, exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiseptic and immunomodulatory properties in the body. Certain plants have a laxative effect, which contain anthraquinone glycosides as active substances: pear bark and senna leaf, marshmallow root, or aromatic compounds that stimulate the secretion of digestive juices and stimulate intestinal peristalsis. Also, the use of teas with a high tannin content stops secretion and fluid loss, which quickly leads to normalization of stool in the treatment of diarrhea in animals. Tannins also have an astringent effect, since they react with bacterial proteins of their outer shell, preventing them from encountering the intestinal mucosa. Additionally, numerous plants possess bioactive plant secondary compounds such as alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, phenols, terpenoids, essential oils, and piperine that improve metabolism, improve food conversion, and regulate the microflora of the digestive tract. For therapeutic purposes, medicinal plants can be used as teas, extracts, fresh or dried herbs, as oils, decoctions, mucilages and tinctures. Therefore, the purpose of this paper was to highlight the importance of medicinal plants through examples and indications for their use.Zbornik radov
Modeling seasonality of the Babesia canis infection using SEIRS model with periodic contact rate
No full textBabesia canis is a canine tick-borne protozoan that can cause acute illness in dogs. Seasonal meteorological
factors affect the tick vector activity, thus drive the infection, while climate change reshapes the global map of
the tick habitat and the disease prevalence. Clinical characteristics of the infection have been investigated, but
the existing body of knowledge has not yet been synthesized in a mathematical model. We here develop a SEIRStype
model to describe the annual prevalence and bi-annual seasonality of the B. canis infection. Specifically, we
introduce a time-dependent, periodic rate for conversion of the susceptible dogs into the dogs exposed to the
infection, which reproduces two seasonal maxima in the number of infected dogs. The height and timing of the
seasonal peaks are modulated by a periodic annual term in the rate function. Varying other model parameters
further shows that the length of the mean immunity period is inversely proportional to the number of infected
dogs outside the peak seasons, the mean incubation period weakly affects the height of the seasonal peaks and
only slightly changes their timing, and the mean infection period governs the ratio of the newly infected dogs and
currently infected dogs. Our model reproduces well the temporal evolution seen in the published canine babesiosis
data. Further, fitting the model to a selected B. canis data set yields temporal characteristics of the B. canis
infection comparable to those reported in the literature, allowing for a future investigation into the underlying
physical factors that govern the contact rate
"Slow kill" treatment protocol in naturally infected dogs with Dirofilaria immitis and assessment of serum NT-proBNP and plasma D-dimer as biomarkers of this infection
No full textThis study assessed the efficacy of the "slow kill" protocol (ivermectin and doxycycline) on Dirofilaria immitis
infection in dogs and the biomarker value of NT-proBNP and D-dimer in these cases. Dogs were tested for
heartworm presence using a rapid antigen test, and blood samples were collected on days: 0 (T0), 90 (T90), and
180 (T180). Dogs were divided into three groups based on clinical symptoms: asymptomatic (GASX), moderate
(GMODERATE), and severe (GSEVERE). At T0, NT-proBNP levels were within the reference values in GASX and
GMODERATE groups but elevated in GSEVERE and significantly (p < 0.05) higher than in GASX. D-dimer levels were
within the reference range in all groups without significant (p > 0.05) differences among them. At T90, NTproBNP
remained within the reference values only in GASX and was not significantly different (p > 0.05)
among groups. However, D-dimer levels increased in GMODERATE and GSEVERE, being significantly (p < 0.05)
higher than in GASX group. At T180, NT-proBNP was elevated in all groups, being significantly higher in GMODERATE
(p < 0.05) and GSEVERE (p < 0.01) compared to GASX. D-dimer decreased across all groups but remained
above the reference values, being significantly higher in GMODERATE (p < 0.05) and GSEVERE (p < 0.001) than in
GASX. The "slow kill" treatment did not reduce NT-proBNP and D-dimer levels, having in mind long retention of
adults, suggesting that cardiac and antithrombotic therapies may be necessary. Considering the relationship
between the severity of clinical pictures and the levels of NT-proBNP and D-dimer, they have potential as
prognostic markers in veterinary practice for heartworm-infected dogs
Different collagenated biomaterials and membranes in bone regeneration: an experimental study
No full textDezinsekcija u proizvodnji mleka
No full textM leko po svom hemijskom sastavu predstavlja idealnu sredinu za rast i razmnožavanje
mikroorganizama. Postupak dobijanja mleka počinje mužom, a završava
se termičkom obradom mleka u industrijskim pogonima kao što su mlekare.
To je veoma složen proces i prisutni su rizici kontaminacije od samog početka do
kraja procesa proizvodnje mleka, kada se dobije finalni proizvod. Borba za bezbedno
i higijenski ispravno mleko i proizvode od mleka počinje na pašnjacima,
oranicama i u štali. Posebnu ulogu u prenošenju uzročnika bolesti prenosivih hranom,
odn. mlekom mogu da imaju insekti. Do kontaminacije mleka mikroorganizmima
može doći iz različitih izvora: odsustvo higijene u procesu muže, koja
može biti mašinska ili ručna i u zavisnosti da li se odvikja u staji ili posebnom
mestu, izmuzištu predviđenom za mužu. Insekti učestvuju kao vektori za prenošenje
uzročnika mnogih bolesti kod životinja. Od skladišnih insekati kao što su siloski
bubaši, skladišni moljci i brašni moljci mogu da kontaminiraju mleko ukoliko
dođu u kontakt sa sirovim ili gotovim proizvodima, ili sa posuđem i opremom koja
se koristi zadobijanje. Muve su česta i ozbiljna pretnja na mlekarskim farmama
i mogu predstavljati rizik po zdravlje životinja i higijensku ispravnost proizvoda
proizvoda. Takođe, muve mogu preneti različite patogene mikroorganizme i/ili
nečistoću. Iako nisu insekti, krpelji i drugi paraziti mogu izazvati probleme u mlekarskoj
industriji, jer mogu preneti bolesti koje utiču na zdravlje stoke, čime se
indirektno utiče na kvalitet mleka. Dezinsekcija predstavlja uništavanje insekata
i u proizvodnji mleka se mogu podeliti na: fizičke i mehaničke, biološke i hemijske
metode. Poznavanje ovih metoda je veoma važno za higijenu dobijanja mleka.Zbornik radov
Ponašanje glodara od značaja za uspešnost deratizacije
No full textU radu su prikazana neka novija saznanja o ponašanju glodara – sivog pacova
od značaja za uspešnost njihove kontrole. Ponašanje pacova je potrebno poznavati
jer žive u zajednici sa čovekom nanoseći mu nenadoknadive štete. Svoje aktivnosti
pacovi sinhronizuju sa aktivnostima čoveka kako bi opstali u životu i izbegli svaku
opasnost koju čovek može da im nanese. Mane čoveka koje se odnose na nečistoću
ili tehničku neispravnost infrastrukture koriste za sopstveno preživljavanje, odnosno
kao izvore hrane i skloništa. Oblici ponašanja čoveka su istovetni i kod pacova.
Razlika je u tome što kod pacova postoje oblici ponašanja, koji znatno otežavaju
efikasnost deratizacije, a njima pomažu opstanak. Takvi oblici ponašanja su averzija
na hranu, neofobija, specifična teritorijalnost, obazrivost i dr.Zbornik radov