Jurnal Universitas Kristen Krida Wacana
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Microscopic Analysis of E-Cigarette Vapors Effects on the Eyes
Full text linkRecently, e-cigarettes or VAPE have become a new trend among smokers. Known as a modern cigarette with a wide selection of flavors and aromas such as vanilla, raspberry and spearmint as well as abundant steam, making vaping a favorite activity among teenagers. This research is a literature study on various medical research journal databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane and Google Scholar. Based on research results, it is known that the vapor from vaping causes dryness, thickening and even damage to the cornea. The occurrence of lipid peroxidation by free radicals contained in vaping vapor causes the eye protective layer "tear film" consisting of lipid, aqueous, and mucin layers to be damaged. Dry eye syndrome and damage to the eye epithelium are characterized by a decrease in the number of goblet cells and inflammation of the corneal tissue, even an increased of potential for cataracts can occur either by direct exposure or by inhalation of vapors which causes a systemic increase in oxidant levels.Recently, e-cigarettes or VAPE have become a new trend among smokers. Known as a modern cigarette with a wide selection of flavors and aromas such as vanilla, raspberry and spearmint as well as abundant steam, making vaping a favorite activity among teenagers. This research is a literature study on various medical research journal databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Cochrane and Google Scholar. Based on research results, it is known that the vapor from vaping causes dryness, thickening and even damage to the cornea. The occurrence of lipid peroxidation by free radicals contained in vaping vapor causes the eye protective layer "tear film" consisting of lipid, aqueous, and mucin layers to be damaged. Dry eye syndrome and damage to the eye epithelium are characterized by a decrease in the number of goblet cells and inflammation of the corneal tissue, even an increased of potential for cataracts can occur either by direct exposure or by inhalation of vapors which causes a systemic increase in oxidant levels
An Overview of the Level of Temporary Hearing Loss or Temporary Threshold Shifts (Temporary Deafness) in Workers of PT. X Undergoing a Standard Threshold Shift (STS)
No full textNoise is unwanted sound or sound that interferes with hearing originating from work tools or production process equipment at a certain level that can cause hearing loss, can come from the textile factory industry, milling factory, iron and steel industry and most commonly in places aircraft maintenance. The data taken at the company uses medical record data with a sampling method using the full population, the data is sent in the form of a Microsoft excel file via WhatsApp media which has been adjusted to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample obtained was 177 respondents. The results between the independent variables were age, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), history of ear disease, otitis media and tinnitus, family history of hearing loss, hypertension, length of work in a day, duration of exposure or working period, history of earphone use, history of drug use. ototoxic drugs and the dependent variable standard threshold shift (STS) found that age has a significant relationship with Standard Threshold Shift with a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05) while personal protective equipment (PPE), history of hypertension, period duration of exposure, department, in this study there was no significant relationship with Standard Threshold Shift (STS), with p-value (p>0.05).Noise is unwanted sound or sound that interferes with hearing originating from work tools or production process equipment at a certain level that can cause hearing loss, can come from the textile factory industry, milling factory, iron and steel industry and most commonly in places aircraft maintenance. The data taken at the company uses medical record data with a sampling method using the full population, the data is sent in the form of a Microsoft excel file via WhatsApp media which has been adjusted to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample obtained was 177 respondents. The results between the independent variables were age, use of personal protective equipment (PPE), history of ear disease, otitis media and tinnitus, family history of hearing loss, hypertension, length of work in a day, duration of exposure or working period, history of earphone use, history of drug use. ototoxic drugs and the dependent variable standard threshold shift (STS) found that age has a significant relationship with Standard Threshold Shift with a p-value of 0.000 (p<0.05) while personal protective equipment (PPE), history of hypertension, period duration of exposure, department, in this study there was no significant relationship with Standard Threshold Shift (STS), with p-value (p>0.05)
Prevalence of Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia Based on Mother's and Infant's Blood Group in Cengkareng Hospital
No full textHyperbilirubinemia is an increase in bilirubin levels >5 mg/dL which is characterized by the appearance of pathological jaundice. In the 2017 SKDI, the neonatal mortality rate was 19 per 1000 live births. The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia based on the blood group of the mother and the baby at Cengkareng General Hospital for the period January to March 2023. This research was conducted from January to March 2023 with an observational descriptive nature. This research was conducted at Cengkareng Hospital, West Jakarta. The study concluded that ABO incompatibility is not the only factor that contributes to hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. The results showed that 15 (41.7%) babies with hyperbilirubinemia came from mothers with blood type O, while the majority of babies who experienced hyperbilirubinemia were babies with blood type O, namely 16 (44.4%) babies. The majority of infants who experienced hyperbilirubinemia occurred in infants with blood group O and mothers with blood type O, namely 11 (30.6%), followed by infants with blood group A and mothers with blood type A, namely 4 (11.1%).Hyperbilirubinemia is an increase in bilirubin levels >5 mg/dL which is characterized by the appearance of pathological jaundice. In the 2017 SKDI, the neonatal mortality rate was 19 per 1000 live births. The purpose of this study was to find out the prevalence of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia based on the blood group of the mother and the baby at Cengkareng General Hospital for the period January to March 2023. This research was conducted from January to March 2023 with an observational descriptive nature. This research was conducted at Cengkareng Hospital, West Jakarta. The study concluded that ABO incompatibility is not the only factor that contributes to hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. The results showed that 15 (41.7%) babies with hyperbilirubinemia came from mothers with blood type O, while the majority of babies who experienced hyperbilirubinemia were babies with blood type O, namely 16 (44.4%) babies. The majority of infants who experienced hyperbilirubinemia occurred in infants with blood group O and mothers with blood type O, namely 11 (30.6%), followed by infants with blood group A and mothers with blood type A, namely 4 (11.1%)
Bimekizumab Sebagai Pengobatan Pilihan Psoriasis Vulgaris Tipe Plak
Full text linkPsoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which is associated with genetic predisposition and autoimmune pathogenic traits. This disease is characterized with erythematous plaque and silvery scales that is severely itchy, swells, and is painful, which causes patients to have a poor quality of life. In the last years, there has been several effective therapies that is developed to treat psoriasis, but despite this, a proportion of patients do not respond or lose respond over time towards these therapies. However, there is a novel therapy found which is Bimekizumab, it is the first monoclonal antibody that is designed to target both IL-17A and IL-17F simultaneously. Bimekizumab is proved as the choice of therapy for psoriasis that reduces psoriasis plaque patients PASI score up to 100 with a minimal and mild side effects, and no immunogenicity detected. It also works in a shorter amount of time to reach PASI 90 as early as week 4 and can maintain response up to week 52. This objective of this literature review is to discuss about the superiority of bimekizumab compared to other therapies for psoriasis vulgaris.Psoriasis merupakan penyakit kulit inflamasi kronis yang dihubungkan dengan predisposisi genetik dan patogen autoimun. Penyakit ini ditandai dengan plak kemerahan dan sisik keperakan yang gatal hebat, bengkak, dan sakit sehingga menurunkan kualitas hidup penderitanya. Dalam beberapa tahun terakhir, cukup banyak terapi yang efektif dalam menangani psoriasis telah dikembangkan, meskipun demikian sebagian pasien tidak mengalami efek apapun ataupun kehilangan efek dari terapi-terapi tersebut dari waktu ke waktu. Tetapi saat ini telah ditemukan terapi baru yaitu Bimekizumab yang merupakan antibodi monoklonal dan diciptakan untuk menghambat IL-17A dan IL-17F secara bersamaan. Bimekizumab telah terbukti mereduksi skor PASI pasien psoriasis plak hingga 100 dengan efek samping minimal dan ringan tanpa imunogenisitas yang terdeteksi. Bimekizumab bekerja dengan jangka waktu yang lebih singkat dengan mencapai PASI 90 pada minggu ke-4 dan mempertahankan respon hingga minggu ke-52. Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk membahas keunggulan bimekizumab dibandingkan dengan terapi psoriasis vulgaris lainnya
The Potential of Natural Ingredients Cardamom, Cloves, Black Pepper, and Ginger as Sources of Natural Antioxidant
No full textAntioxidants are well known for their various benefits in counteracting free radicals. However, artificial antioxidants are not recommended because of their toxic effects. Therefore, natural antioxidants are preferred and can be found in spices such as cardamom, cinnamon, clove, black pepper, and ginger which are the main ingredients of Pletok beer. This study was conducted to determine the best infusion method and the antioxidant potential of the five spices. This study used the infusion method at 90ºC and 100ºC, for 15 minutes and 30 minutes respectively, and the 2,2 diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) method for antioxidant test. Then the dry weight of the sample was also measured on the 90ºC infusion method for 30 minutes. It is shown that ginger had the strongest antioxidant activity among all samples at the 100ºC extraction method for 30 minutes with an Inhibition Concentration 50 (IC50) value of 57.45 µg/mL. Then cinnamon with 67.55 µg/mL and black pepper with 80.57 µg/mL, both at 90ºC for 30 minutes. Cardamom was best at 90ºC for 15 minutes with 87.15 µg/mL. While cloves had the weakest antioxidant activity among all samples. The antioxidant activity of each ingredients is strongly determined by temperature and heating time.Antioxidants are well known for their various benefits in counteracting free radicals. However, artificial antioxidants are not recommended because of their toxic effects. Therefore, natural antioxidants are preferred and can be found in spices such as cardamom, cinnamon, clove, black pepper, and ginger which are the main ingredients of Pletok beer. This study was conducted to determine the best infusion method and the antioxidant potential of the five spices. This study used the infusion method at 90ºC and 100ºC, for 15 minutes and 30 minutes respectively, and the 2,2 diphenyl-1-picryhydrazyl (DPPH) method for antioxidant test. Then the dry weight of the sample was also measured on the 90ºC infusion method for 30 minutes. It is shown that ginger had the strongest antioxidant activity among all samples at the 100ºC extraction method for 30 minutes with an Inhibition Concentration 50 (IC50) value of 57.45 µg/mL. Then cinnamon with 67.55 µg/mL and black pepper with 80.57 µg/mL, both at 90ºC for 30 minutes. Cardamom was best at 90ºC for 15 minutes with 87.15 µg/mL. While cloves had the weakest antioxidant activity among all samples. The antioxidant activity of each ingredients is strongly determined by temperature and heating time
Severe Preeclampsia Complicated by Placental Abruption Leads to Fetal Distress
Full text linkPlacental abruption is a common complication of preeclampsia. It is an obstetric emergency that occurs when the placenta partially or completely separates from the uterine wall. The diagnosis is usually made clinically or objectively. It is relatively rare but put a serious risk for both the fetus and the mother. We reported a case of a 32-year-old multigravid patient at 35-36 weeks gestation who presented with moderate vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain. Her obstetric history included one premature vaginal delivery. Her blood pressure started to rise in the second trimester of pregnancy. The examination revealed that her blood pressure was 190/120 mmHg, and she had pitting edema on her extremities and tender uterine fundus. The fetal heart rate was bradycardia at 100 beats per minute. Placental abruption and fetal distress were suspected. An emergency cesarean section was performed. Intraoperatively, the uterus showed intramural bleeding and was livid, with the beginning of Couvelaire-uterus. The uterus was left in situ. In conclusion, placental abruption interrupts the vital function of the placentae which leads to fetal hypoxia and even fetal death. It is an obstetric emergency that requires immediate intervention to save the fetus and reduce the risk of complications in the mother.Placental abruption is a common complication of preeclampsia. It is an obstetric emergency that occurs when the placenta partially or completely separates from the uterine wall. The diagnosis is usually made clinically or objectively. It is relatively rare but put a serious risk for both the fetus and the mother. We reported a case of a 32-year-old multigravid patient at 35-36 weeks gestation who presented with moderate vaginal bleeding and lower abdominal pain. Her obstetric history included one premature vaginal delivery. Her blood pressure started to rise in the second trimester of pregnancy. The examination revealed that her blood pressure was 190/120 mmHg, and she had pitting edema on her extremities and tender uterine fundus. The fetal heart rate was bradycardia at 100 beats per minute. Placental abruption and fetal distress were suspected. An emergency cesarean section was performed. Intraoperatively, the uterus showed intramural bleeding and was livid, with the beginning of Couvelaire-uterus. The uterus was left in situ. In conclusion, placental abruption interrupts the vital function of the placentae which leads to fetal hypoxia and even fetal death. It is an obstetric emergency that requires immediate intervention to save the fetus and reduce the risk of complications in the mother
Perbandingan Computer Vision Syndrome pada Mahasiswa Kedokteran yang Melakukan Diet Vegetarian dan Non-Vegetarian
Full text linkComputer Vision Syndrome (CVS) adalah kumpulan gejala pada mata dan penglihatan akibat penggunaan perangkat digital dalam jangka panjang. Pada saat ini berbagai pola diet yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dapat berpengaruh terhadap fungsi penglihatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh diet terhadap CVS pada mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta (FKUPNVJ). Penelitian menggunakan desain case-control. Data diambil dari 20 mahasiswa vegetarian dan 20 mahasiswa non-vegetarian menggunakan Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dan uji t independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 24 dari 40 (60%) subjek mengalami CVS. Tidak terdapat perbedaan karakteristik demografi, durasi penggunaan gawai, dan perilaku penggunaan komputer antara kelompok vegetarian dan kelompok non-vegetarian (p > 0,05). Hasil uji Chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan kejadian CVS pada kedua kelompok tersebut (p = 0,333). Diet vegetarian berisiko untuk mengalami gejala CVS mata berair (p = 0,027; OR = 5,444; CI = 1,408 - 21,054) dan nyeri kepala (p = 0,009; OR = 8,500; CI = 1,861 - 38,817) dibandingkan dengan diet non-vegetarian. Diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk menganalisis asupan nutrien antara vegetarian dan non-vegetarian serta mengidentifikasi pengaruhnya terhadap CVS pada mahasiswa.Computer Vision Syndrome (CVS) adalah kumpulan gejala pada mata dan penglihatan akibat penggunaan perangkat digital dalam jangka panjang. Pada saat ini berbagai pola diet yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa dapat berpengaruh terhadap fungsi penglihatan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh diet terhadap CVS pada mahasiswa kedokteran Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta (FKUPNVJ). Penelitian menggunakan desain case-control. Data diambil dari 20 mahasiswa vegetarian dan 20 mahasiswa non-vegetarian menggunakan Computer Vision Syndrome Questionnaire. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square dan uji t independen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 24 dari 40 (60%) subjek mengalami CVS. Tidak terdapat perbedaan karakteristik demografi, durasi penggunaan gawai, dan perilaku penggunaan komputer antara kelompok vegetarian dan kelompok non-vegetarian (p > 0,05). Hasil uji Chi-square menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan kejadian CVS pada kedua kelompok tersebut (p = 0,333). Diet vegetarian berisiko untuk mengalami gejala CVS mata berair (p = 0,027; OR = 5,444; CI = 1,408 - 21,054) dan nyeri kepala (p = 0,009; OR = 8,500; CI = 1,861 - 38,817) dibandingkan dengan diet non-vegetarian. Diperlukan penelitian lanjutan untuk menganalisis asupan nutrien antara vegetarian dan non-vegetarian serta mengidentifikasi pengaruhnya terhadap CVS pada mahasiswa
The Potential of Adeno-associated virus Vector Gene Therapy for Achromatopsia
Full text linkAchromatopsia, also known as color blindness, is the inability to distinguish certain colors. Where this is the inability of the eye cone cells to capture a certain color spectrum due to genetic factors and certain diseases. Abnormalities in the anatomical structure of the eye located on the retina and inherited recessively. These mutations lead to functional loss and slowly progressive degeneration of the cone photoreceptors. Treatment for color blindness is currently limited to genetic counseling, glasses or colored contact lenses. Genetic therapy methods are currently being developed targeting the retinal organs using recombinant adenovirus vectors. The results of research conducted on animals found an improvement in the function of cone cells so that gene therapy is a promising modality in the future.Achromatopsia atau yang dikenal dengan buta warna adalah kurangnya kemampuan untuk membedakan warna-warna tertentu. Dimana hal ini merupakan ketidakmampuan sel-sel kerucut mata untuk menangkap suatu spektrum warna tertentu akibat faktorgenetik dan penyakit tertentu. Kelainan pada struktur anatomi mata yang terletak pada retina dan diturunkan secara resesif.Mutasi ini menyebabkan hilangnya fungsional dan degenerasi progresif lambat dari fotoreseptor sel kerucut. Terapi padabuta warna saat ini hanya terbatas pada konseling genetik, kacamata, atau lensa kontak berwarna. Metode terapi genetiksaat ini sedang dikembangkan dengan menargetkan organ retina dengan menggunakan vektor rekombinan adenovirus. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan pada hewan uji ditemukan adanya perbaikan fungsi pada sel kerucut sehingga terapi gen merupakan modalitas yang cukup menjanjikan di masa mendatang
THE RELATIONSHIP OF BMI WITH THE MENSTRUAL CYCLE IN KRIDA WACANA CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS FOR THE PERIOD OF MARCH – JULY 2022
Full text linkBody mass index (BMI) data from RISKESDAS shows that many women of childbearing age in Indonesia experience BMI problems and there are also several studies showing a significant relationship between BMI and the menstrual cycle. FKIK UKRIDA students with analytic research type and crosssectional design. From the data collection, there were 86 subjects from affordable populations who had been filtered according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and the distribution of BMI data with menstrual cycles, namely there were no thin and normal BMI subjects who had oligomenorrhea, while the fat ones who experienced oligomenorrhea were 1.2%, for thin BMI with normal menstrual cycles there were 16.3%, normal BMI with normal menstrual cycles were 52.3%, and obese BMI with normal menstrual cycles were 24.4%. Meanwhile, thin BMI with polymenorrhea was 1.2% and there were no normal BMI subjects who had polymenorrhea, but in obese BMI with polymenorrhea there was 4.7%, in data analysis using Fisher's test there was P value = 0.010. Conclusion: there is a significant relationship between BMI and the menstrual cycle of FKIK UKRIDA students with P value = 0.010.Data indeks massa tubuh (IMT) dari RISKESDAS menunjukkan banyak perempuan usia subur di Indonesia yang mengalami masalah IMT dan terdapat juga beberapa penelitian yang menunjukkan adanya hubungan bermakna antara IMT dengan siklus menstruasi, maka tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan IMT dengan siklus menstruasi pada mahasiswi FKIK UKRIDA dengan jenis penelitian analitik dan desain cross sectional. Dari pengumpulan data terdapat 86 subjek dari populasi terjangkau yang telah disaring sesuai kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi dan berikut distribusi data IMT dengan siklus menstruasi yaitu tidak ada subjek IMT kurus dan normal yang mengalami oligomenorea sedangkan gemuk yang mengalami oligomenorea terdapat 1,2%, untuk IMT kurus dengan siklus menstruasi normal terdapat 16,3%, IMT normal dengan siklus menstruasi normal terdapat 52,3%, dan IMT gemuk dengan siklus mestruasi normal terdapat 24,4%. Sedangkan IMT kurus dengan polimenorea terdapat 1,2% dan tidak terdapat subjek IMT normal yang mengalami polimenorea tetapi pada IMT gemuk dengan polimenorea terdapat 4,7%, pada analisis data menggunakan uji fisher terdapat nilai P= 0,010. Kesimpulan : terdapat hubungan yang bermakna dari IMT dengan siklus menstruasi mahasiswi FKIK UKRIDA dengan nilai P= 0,010
Effectiveness of Spironolactone for Acne Vulgaris
Full text linkAcne vulgaris is a skin disease that attacks pilosebaceous follicles which can be either inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesion. One of the important factors causing acne vulgaris is androgen hormone. One of the hormonal therapies that can be given for acne vulgaris is spironolactone which has a function as an antiandrogen. The purpose of writing this literature review is to determine the effectiveness, mode of action, indications, contraindications, and side effects of spironolactone in the treatment of acne vulgaris. The method in making this final project is Literature Review. Literature searches were obtained using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Proquest, International Journal of Women's Dermatology, and NCBI. The keywords used were spironolactone, hormonal therapy, acne vulgaris, effectiveness of spironolactone for acne vulgaris. There are 10 supporting journals based on the suitability of topics in the last 10 years. The results showed that the administration of spironolactone for acne vulgaris proved to be effective with an average dose of 50-100 mg/day which resulted in 70-90% clinical improvement and caused minimal side effects. Spironolactone has good effectiveness and tolerability for alternative therapy of acne vulgaris in adult women and for patients who do not respond well to conventional therapy.Acne vulgaris is a skin disease that attacks pilosebaceous follicles which can be either inflammatory or non-inflammatory lesion. One of the important factors causing acne vulgaris is androgen hormone. One of the hormonal therapies that can be given for acne vulgaris is spironolactone which has a function as an antiandrogen. The purpose of writing this literature review is to determine the effectiveness, mode of action, indications, contraindications, and side effects of spironolactone in the treatment of acne vulgaris. The method in making this final project is Literature Review. Literature searches were obtained using electronic databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Proquest, International Journal of Women's Dermatology, and NCBI. The keywords used were spironolactone, hormonal therapy, acne vulgaris, effectiveness of spironolactone for acne vulgaris. There are 10 supporting journals based on the suitability of topics in the last 10 years. The results showed that the administration of spironolactone for acne vulgaris proved to be effective with an average dose of 50-100 mg/day which resulted in 70-90% clinical improvement and caused minimal side effects. Spironolactone has good effectiveness and tolerability for alternative therapy of acne vulgaris in adult women and for patients who do not respond well to conventional therapy