Jurnal STAI Al-Hamidiyah
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Network analysis of empathy, anxiety and depression symptoms, relationship satisfaction, sensory pro-cessing sensitivity, and alexithymia
No full textThe role of episodic memory in causal reasoning with counterfactuals: A perspective from predictive processing and trace minimalism
No full textOver the past several years, there has been a shift in the researchers’ thinking about the functional role of episodic memory. Rather than focusing on how memory represents the past, recent literature often presents memory as ultimately dealing with the future–helping the organism to anticipate events and increase its adaptive success. However, the distinct contribution of episodic (as opposed to semantic) memory to future-oriented simulations remains unclear. We claim that episodic memory yields adaptive success because of its crucial role in singular counterfactual causal reasoning, which thus far has been mostly ignored in causal reasoning literature. Our paper presents a causal inference model based on the predictive processing framework and the minimal trace account of episodic memory. According to our model, evaluating the cause of an event involves (i) generating an episodic memory related to the said potential cause, (ii) constructing a counterfactual scenario through inhibition of the relevant part of the past episode, and (iii) temporal evolution followed by alternative model evaluation. We further discuss our approach in the developmental context
Evidence for imprecise guidance for color in real-world objects
No full textRecent research has shown that during a visual search task for colored objects, attentional processes were guided to distractor objects that were several degrees away in color from the target's color (Yu et al., 2022). In other words, coarser target templates were utilized to guide attentional processes. Evidence for imprecise target templates has not been examined in search for real-world objects as these experiments utilized simple colored circles. The purpose of this study is to determine whether coarser target templates are employed during a visual search task for real-world objects
Cultura Database
No full textProject About estimating the Immaterial Production across space & tim
The Changing Role of Mothers’ Status in Children’s College Completion
No full textNote: This preprint has been revised and published as:
Schwartz, C. R., & King, M. D. (2026). The Changing Role of Mothers’ Status in Children’s College Completion. American Sociological Review, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1177/00031224251401938.
The published version should be cited.
Despite vast changes in women’s status in society and in the home, we have little understanding of the changing role of mothers in shaping children’s life chances. Mothers’ contributions may have grown given their increased status—measured here as their education, earnings, and occupational status—and the rise of single-parent families. Using data from three large nationally representative U.S. surveys, we find that the returns to mothers’ and fathers’ status for children’s college completion have been remarkably stable among children born from the 1930s to the 1980s and thus account for little of observed increases in college completion. By contrast, increased levels of mothers’ status account for more of recent increases in college completion than fathers’ status. That continued increases in college completion have more to do with the rising status of mothers than fathers has been overlooked by previous research
Task-Force: 'CRediTs for Students?' by the Department of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum
No full textThe newer version of the OSF project can be found here: https://osf.io/tygsp/.
The representatives of the professors, academic staff and students, as well as the Equal Opportunities team, have developed common rules for dealing with authorship among students at the Department of Psychology at Ruhr University Bochum. This applies equally to students who are involved in any projects as part of seminars or theses, but also to interns and student assistants who may also be involved in publications. For this purpose, we have created various documents and information material that will be made available to all members of the faculty:
- two general presentations on the topics of student authorships (How do I address the topic? What should be discussed?) and the CRediT roles,
- the authorship traffic light (based on the University of Bamberg), which uses the CRediT roles to show when authorship is required,
- a supervision agreement (primarily for final theses, but also internships etc.), which is intended to ensure that all parties involved deal with this topic as early as possible
Social media users experience more political hostility in less economically equal and less democratic societies
No full textThere is widespread concern about the hostility of political discussions on social media but there is no consensus about the underlying dynamics. In particular, the relationship between online hostility and the broader sociopolitical context has received less attention, in part because of limited research outside Western countries. Here, we report results from observational data collected through quota-sampled online surveys in 30 countries across six continents (N = 15,202) about experiences of online hostility. Our findings show that people in less democratic and less economically equal countries experience more hostility online. We also find that, in every country, respondents who are hostile online are also hostile offline, and that these people score higher in status-seeking motivations. Exploratory analyses suggest that less democratic societies include more status-motivated individuals and young men—groups showing higher hostility on average. Overall, these findings highlight how online political hostility is intertwined with wider societal tensions
Simple changes to content curation algorithms affect the beliefs people form in a collaborative filtering experiment
No full textContent-curating algorithms provide a crucial service for social media users by surfacing relevant content, but they can also bring about harms when their objectives are misaligned with user values and welfare. Yet, few controlled experiments on the potential behavioral and cognitive consequences of this alignment problem exist. In a preregistered, two-wave, collaborative filtering experiment (total N=1,500), we demonstrate that simple changes to how posts are sampled and ranked can affect the beliefs people form. Our results show observable differences in two types of outcomes within statistically constructed groups: belief accuracy and consensus. We find partial support for hypotheses that the recently proposed approaches of "bridging-based ranking" and "intelligence-based ranking" promote consensus and belief accuracy, respectively. We also find that while personalized, engagement-based ranking promotes posts that participants perceive favorably, it simultaneously leads those participants to form more polarized and less accurate beliefs than any of the other algorithms considered