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İbn Teymiyye'ye Yöneltilen Eleştirilere Yön Veren Faktörler
Full text linkÖz: İbn Teymiyye’nin felsefe, kelam ve tasavvufa; Şîa, Cehmiyye, Muʻtezile ve Eşʻarî mezheplerine yönelik tenkitleri çeşitli çalışmalara konu olmuştur. Ona yapılan eleştirilere dair metodolojik bir çalışmanın bulunmayışı, bizi reddiyelerin kaynaklarını, gerekçelerini ve buna yön veren faktörleri incelemeye sevk etmiştir. Bu araştırma, İbn Teymiyye’nin vefatından sonraki bir asırlık dönemde ortaya çıkan reddiye literatürü üzerinden ona yönelik eleştirilerin gerekçelerine ve bunlara yön veren faktörlere odaklanmıştır. Bahsi geçen süre zarfındaki reddiyelerin çoğu Şâfiî Eşʻarî gelenek mensuplarınca kaleme alınmakla birlikte, Hanefî ve Mâlikîlerden de reddiye edebiyatına katkıda bulunanlar olmuştur. İbnü’l-Muallim el-Kureşî, İbnü’z-Zemlekânî, Şehâbeddin İbn Cehbel, Takıyyüddin es-Sübkî, Bahâeddin el-İhmîmî ve Takıyyüddin el-Hısnî Şâfiî Eşʻarî geleneğe mensubiyetleriyle ön plana çıkmışlardır. Bahsi geçen isimlerden sadece Takıyyüddin el-Hısnî 9./15. asrın başlarında vefat etmiştir. Diğer ulemanın tamamı 8./14. asırda vefat etmişlerdir. Bu araştırmada, Memlükler döneminde 9./15. asrın ilk çeyreğine kadar ortaya çıkan İbn Teymiyye’ye yönelik eleştiriler analiz edilerek, reddiyelerin neden ortaya çıktığı saptanmaya çalışılmıştır. İbn Teymiyye’nin kelam ilmine ve özelde Ebü’l-Hasan el-Eşʻarî, Ebü’l-Meâlî el-Cüveynî, Fahreddin er-Râzî ve Ebû Hâmid el-Gazzâlî gibi Eşʻarî büyüklerine metodik tenkitlerde bulunması, reddiye edebiyatının oluşmasının temel nedenlerindendir. İbn Teymiyye’nin ashabının taassubu ve muhaliflerinin ona yönelik tenkit ve ithamları birbirini beslemiş, bunun sonucunda İbn Teymiyyecilik ve İbn Teymiyye muhalifliği olgusu erken sayılabilecek bir dönemde ortaya çıkmıştır. Hanbelîlerin tevile ve kelam ilmine yaklaşımı zemmü’l-kelâm geleneği etrafında şekillenmiştir. Belirli dönemlerde bu anlayış, kelam yöntemini benimseme şeklinde ortaya çıksa da kelam karşıtlığı, mezhebin hâkim görüşü olarak varlığını sürdürmüştür. Kelam ilmini yöntem olarak kullanmak, Eşʻarîliğin varlık sebebidir, ancak Memlükler’deki akide Eşʻarîliği, inancı koruduğu sürece ona tolerans göstermiştir. Bununla birlikte, dönemin Şâfiî Eşʻarî uleması İbn Teymiyye ile yükselişe geçen Hanbelîliğe karşı Eşʻarî büyüklerini savunmak adına kelam ilminin meşruiyetini müdafaa etmek durumunda kalmışlardır. Eşʻarîler ile Hanbelîlerin tasavvufi geleneklerinin farklılığı ve kelamın ilmi hüviyetine yaklaşımları, ayrışmanın diğer bileşenini oluşturmuştur. Taraflar birbirlerini tenkit ederken bu mezhebî ve kültürel mirasa müracaat etme ihtiyacı duymuşlardır. İbn Teymiyye’nin kabir ziyareti, tevessül, istigâse, talâk, haberî sıfatlar ve kelâmullaha dair görüş ve fetvaları nedeniyle muhakeme edilip çeşitli şekillerde cezalandırılması, nihayetinde hapisteyken vefat etmesine kadar giden süreç, meselenin toplumsal ve siyasi boyutlarını ortaya koymaktadır. Özellikle mutasavvıfların, İbn Teymiyye'yi yönetime şikâyet etmeleri sonucunda ona çeşitli cezalar verilmesine neden olduklarına dair kayıtlar, bu bağlamda büyük önem taşımaktadır
Enhanced railway monitoring and segmentation using DNet and mathematical methods
No full textThis study explores enhancing security and automation in railway transportation by evaluating the BiSeNetV2, YOLO, and DNet models for railway monitoring and segmentation. Tests were conducted in the Gazebo simulation environment and the field using the Anafi4K UAV, comparing the effectiveness of different algorithms. Additionally, the role of mathematical methods, such as Bezier curves and Bernstein polynomials, in supporting the autonomous flight capabilities of UAVs was examined. These methods have proven effective in helping UAVs follow railway lines by increasing maneuverability, contributing to successful flights. The combination of the BiSeNetV2 model, YOLO models, and these mathematical methods offers a robust solution for railway monitoring and segmentation. Future advancements and broader adoption of these technologies in industrial applications could enhance the safety and efficiency of rail transport. Furthermore, the developed DNet model demonstrated a 99% accuracy rate in segmenting foreign objects around railway lines, proving to be a significant alternative among deep learning models for railway monitoring and segmentation. The model's performance highlights its potential to provide crucial solutions for security and automation in railway transportation.Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of Fimath;rat University; [ADEP.22.02]This work was supported by the Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit of F & imath;rat University. Project number ADEP.22.02
A study on toponymy: Sample of neighborhood names of Ankara
Full text linkSosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Türk Dili ve Edebiyatı Ana Bilim DalıAdbilimin üzerinde en fazla durulan kollarından biri olan yer adları bilimi (toponimi), XXI. yüzyılla beraber farklı disiplinlerde çalışan araştırmacıların ilgi odağı haline gelmiştir. Bu durum yer adlarının düşünülenin aksine sadece söz varlığından ibaret olmadığını, dil dışında kültürel, tarihsel ve coğrafi konularda da eşsiz malzeme sunmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada adbilimin en çok araştırılan ve çalışılan dalı olan yer adbilimini, köken ve gramer olarak incelemenin yanında, bölgede yaşayan insanlardan alınan bilgiler doğrultusunda yer adının veriliş gayesinde leksik-semantik açıdan bir inceleme yapılacaktır. Ankara ili yer adları üzerine daha önce hiçbir çalışmanın yapılmamış olması, Kurtuluş Savaşı'nın etki ve sonuçları, Cumhuriyet'in ilanından sonra geniş tarım arazilerinin işlenmesi amacıyla yoğun bir şekilde göç alması, Ankara ili içerisinde yeni yer adlarının ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Bu yer adlarının veriliş nedenleri incelenerek sınıflandırılması adbilim açısından zaruri bir ihtiyaç haline gelmiştir. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde ad bilim, yer adları bilimi, dünyada yapılmış olan yer adı çalışmalarına kısaca değinilmiştir. İkinci bölümde Ankara ili ve ilçelerininin tarihi, coğrafi yapısı, nüfusu gibi hususlarda bilgi verilmiştir. Üçüncü bölümde Ankara merkez ve ilçelerinde bulunan toplamda 1358 adet mahalle adı yapı ve köken açısından incelenmiştir. Dördüncü bölümde ise yapı ve köken açısından incelenen bütün mahalle adlarını leksik semantik açıdan sınıflandırılmıştır.The science of place names aka toponymy, one of the most emphasized branches of onomastics, has become the focus of interest of researchers studying in different disciplines with the 21st century. This is, contrary to popular belief, due to the fact that place names are not just a vocabulary, but also provide unique materials on cultural, historical and geographical issues, besides language. This study is about toponymy, one of the most researched and studied branches of onomastics.In this study, in which a total of 1358 neighborhood names from Ankara and its districts were subjected to a classification in terms of grammar and lexic-semantics;Ankara province has been selected due to the reasons such as the fact that no study had been done on the toponymy of the province before, that it was the center of the War of Independence, that it received intense immigration due to the cultivation of large agricultural lands after the declaration of the Republic, and that many new place names emerged due to these migrations. In the first section of the study, onomastics, toponymy, and toponymy studies conducted in the world are briefly mentioned.In the second section, information is given on issues such as the history, topography and population of Ankara province and its districts.In the third section, a total of 1358 neighborhood names in the center and districts of Ankara were examined in terms of structure and origin.In the fourth section, all neighborhood names examined in terms of structure and origin were classified in terms of lexical semantics
Plasma therapy: a novel intervention to improve age-induced decline in deudenal cell proliferation in female rat model
Full text linkAging is associated with a disruptive decline in gastrointestinal health leading to decreased duodenal cell proliferation ultimately affecting the digestive and absorptive capacity of intestines in all species. This study investigates the novel application of blood plasma therapy to enhance duodenal cell proliferation associated with aging. In the presented study, the effects of middle aged plasma therapy on the aged rat duodenum were investigated. For this purpose, using a randomized controlled design, Female Wistar rats (aged 12-15 months) (n:7) were treated with heterologus pooled plasma (0.5 mL per day for 30 days, infused intravenously into the tail vein) collected from middle aged (6 months old, n:28) rats during all stages of the estrous cycle. The groups were divided into three as the Experimental group (aged 12-15 months) receiving middle aged plasma, the control group (aged 12-15 months) not receiving treatment, and the middle aged rat (6 months) as the positive control group. At the end of the experiment, each group's duodenum were collected, fixed, and analyzed using histological techniques for morphometric parameters. Additionally cell proliferation density and proliferation index were determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). The finding of the study suggests that plasma therapy significantly improves cell proliferation, villus height (mu m), crypt depth (mu m), total mucosal thickness (mu m), the ratio of villus height to crypt depth (mu m), and surface absorption area (mm2) in the experimental group compared to control. Likewise, we determined that middle aged plasma application supports cell proliferation. However, further research is warranted to explore the underlying mechanisms and potential clinical applications of this innovative approach.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)
The effect of TiO2 nanoadditive on emissions, exergetic performance, and enviro/social/economic indicators in a small UAV jet engine fuelled with kerosene
No full textThe vehicles used in the aviation sector are widely employed in both transportation and industrial fields, and the energy requirements of these tools are currently met with fossil-based fuels. Reducing the consumption of these fossil fuels could contribute to mitigating environmental and economic impacts. Nanoparticle additives can be used in fossil-derived fuels to reduce fuel consumption. In this study, the effects of adding different proportions of TiO2 nanoparticles to kerosene (Jet A1) fuel in a jet engine are examined from the perspectives of performance, emissions, energy, exergy, and environmental-economic impacts. The experiments are conducted with three different test fuels (Jet A1, Jet A1+100 ppm TiO2, and Jet A1+200 ppm TiO2) and at nine different engine speeds (from 40 k rpm to 120 k rpm in increments of 10 k rpm). The results demonstrate that the use of TiO2 (200 ppm) in Jet A1 fuel reduced specific fuel consumption by an average of 16 % and decreased HC, CO, and CO2 emissions by average percentages of 18 %, 17 %, and 10 %, respectively. Additionally, the exergy efficiencies of the compressor, combustion chamber, and gas turbine systems were found to increase with TiO2 usage. Moreover, the addition of TiO2 to Jet A1 fuel showed the potential to reduce enviroeconomic impact by up to 10 %. In conclusion, it can be stated that the use of TiO2 in Jet A1 fuel is beneficial for reducing fuel consumption, enhancing exergetic efficiency, and improving enviroeconomic sustainability of jet engines used in both industrial and transportation sectors. © 2025 Elsevier Lt
Impact of different strains of Bacillus spp. on the bulb production of Tulipa sintenisii Baker
No full textAs an ornamental plant, Tulipa sintenisii (Mu & scedil; tulip) has great potential for potting and cut- flowers in floriculture. However, its low number of bulb production per plant is a major constraint to it becoming one of the common cultivated tulip species. This study was conducted to determine the impacts of 10 Bacillus species on bulb number increase as well as other plant parameters of T. sintenisii in the Mus province of Turkey in the 2020/2021 growing season. Selected, equally sized T. sintenisii bulbs were soaked with Bacillus spp. solution (3.4 x 107 CFU/cm3) for 2 s, and the inoculated bulbs were planted in the experimental field in autumn. The experiment was organized in a completely randomized block design with six replications. The investigated bulb parameters were taken at their physiological maturity. The tulip bulbs treated with Bacillus spp. had higher plant height (28.6 cm), bulb number/plant (2.25), total bulb weight (14.7 g), central bulb weight (13.1 g), central bulb length (40.9 mm), and central bulb diameter (26.8 mm) than the control treatment. The Bacillus strain EZF13 had the highest bulb number while EZF104 had the highest total bulb weight, central bulb weight, central bulb length, and central bulb diameter. These findings suggest that Bacillus treatment has great potential to increase bulb number per plant as well as other bulb parameters of native tulip species T. sintenisii. At the same time, an environmentally friendly production model was put forward without fertilizer application with bacteria application in tulips. At the same time, since the application of bacteria increases the usefulness of plant nutrients in the soil, it can be effective in reducing both the costs and the negative effects of fertilizers on the environment with less fertilizer use.The author(s) declare that no financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article
Corrigendum to “The impact of a walking program on self-management, anxiety, stress, depression, quality of life, and seizure frequency in patients with epilepsy: A mixed methods approach using the COM-B behaviour change model” [Epilepsy Behav. 162 (2025) 110149] (Epilepsy & Behavior (2025) 162, (S1525505024005316), (10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.110149))
No full textThe authors regret, the correct affiliations of the author ‘Dr. Cemal Özalp’ have been updated as above. The authors would like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. © 2025 Elsevier Inc
Prediction of Dimensional Accuracy and Surface Quality in Additively Manufactured Biomedical Implants Using ANN
Full text linkThis study investigates the prediction of fused deposition modeling (FDM) process parameters for manufacturing biomedical implants with high dimensional accuracy and surface quality. Biomedical implants were fabricated in circular, triangular, and pentagonal geometries to accommodate different anatomical requirements, using three materials selected for their biomedical applicability and mechanical properties. These materials are polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate glycol, and thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). This research utilizes the Taguchi L27 orthogonal array methodology to analyze the influence of five critical printing parameters: material type, layer thickness (200-300-400 mu m), infill density (30%-60%-90%), infill pattern (zigzag, cubic, and triangle), and wall thickness (1-2-3 mm). The analysis of variance demonstrated that material type and layer thickness are the most significant factors, contributing 49.25% and 17.97%, respectively, to dimensional accuracy in circular geometries. Surface roughness measurements showed that layer thickness (30.95%) and material type (31.28%) are dominant factors affecting surface quality. The optimum parameters for dimensional accuracy were determined as PLA material, zigzag infill pattern, 2 mm wall thickness, 30% infill density and 200 mu m layer thickness, while the highest surface quality was achieved with PLA material, triangle infill pattern, 3 mm wall thickness, 90% infill density and 200 mu m layer thickness. An artificial neural network model was developed to predict dimensional accuracy and surface quality, achieving high correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.96) between predicted and experimental results across all geometric configurations. These findings offer valuable guidelines for predicting and optimizing parameters in FDM-based biomedical implant manufacturing, advancing precision medicine by enhancing additive manufacturing processes and implant performance.Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)Open access funding provided by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK). The author received no financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article
The impact of a walking program on self-management, anxiety, stress, depression, quality of life, and seizure frequency in patients with epilepsy: A mixed methods approach using the COM-B behaviour change model
No full textObjective: This study aimed to investigate the effect of a walking program based on the COM-B Behavior Change Model on self-management, anxiety, stress, depression, quality of life, and seizure frequency in individuals with epilepsy. Methods: A prospective, parallel-group controlled experimental design and mixed methods were used. A total of 78 individuals with epilepsy were included in the study and randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 38) and control (n = 40) groups. The intervention group participated in a weekly, twice-a-week, walking program for 12 weeks. The program was based on the COM-B model, focusing on increasing individuals’ capability, opportunity, and motivation levels. The control group received standard treatment. Self-management, anxiety, stress, depression, and quality of life were measured using scales. Seizure frequency was measured using daily logs. Qualitative data was collected through semi-structured interviews with 10 participants to understand barriers to walking in individuals with epilepsy. Results: Qualitative data revealed time constraints, lack of motivation, and safety concerns as barriers to walking participation. After a 12-week intervention, a significant increase in self-management levels, a significant decrease in anxiety, stress, and depression levels, a significant improvement in quality of life, and a significant reduction in seizure frequency were observed in the intervention group. No significant changes were observed in these variables in the control group. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that a walking program based on the COM-B Behavior Change Model had a positive impact on self-management, mental health, and quality of life in individuals with epilepsy and may help reduce seizure frequency. © 2024 Elsevier Inc
Probiotic and functional characterization of newly isolated Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains from human breast milk and proliferative inhibition potential of metabolites
No full textFour Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strains newly isolated and identified from human breast milk in T & uuml;rkiye, have probiotic, functional and proliferative inhibition potential of metabolites against colon cancer cell lines were evaluated. In simulated gastric and intestinal media, all strains exhibited strong probiotic character by showing resistance, although decreasing with time and concentration. The strains were sensitive to penicillin G, rifampin and chloramphenicol and showed antibacterial effect on all pathogenic bacteria. Citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, pyruvic acid and fumaric acid were not detected in the strains, while the highest amount of acetic acid was detected. The quantitative-qualitative analysis and structural characterization of exopolysaccharide (EPS) was confirmed and it was determined that the strains synthesized similar amounts. Compared to standard antioxidants, the strains showed less DPPH activity and similar ABTS activity. High amounts of metabolites of the strains showed good antiproliferative effect on Caco-2, while lower amounts showed good antiproliferative effect on the HT-29 cell line. When all the data were considered, it was determined that the strains were close to each other, but the YAAS 23 strain showed slightly better properties. In conclusion, breast milk is a unique environment harboring beneficial bacteria such as L. plantarum for human health