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The Relationship Between Airline Transportation and Carbon Emissions: The Case of G20 Countries
Get PDFEmploying the panel data analysis, this research discusses the impact of air transportation on carbon emissions (CO2) in G20 nations employing data from 1994 to 2021. The analysis revealed that there exists a positive but statistically insignificant relationship between air passenger transportation and freight transportation, and an adverse relationship between air passenger transportation and CO2. In the research model, it was claimed that more economic growth, the use of fossil fuels, and trade openness would all result in higher CO2 nevertheless, this rise in trade openness was deemed statistically insignificant. Furthermore, the causality results indicate that unidirectional causality was found between CO2 emissions and trade liberalization, economic growth, the use of fossil fuels, and air freight transport. In contrast, bidirectional causality was found between CO2 and air passenger transport. According to the findings, it might be suggested that policies like allowing sustainable aviation fuels to take a larger share of the air transportation market, creating technological advancements, initiating research and development, and supplying energy—the engine of economic growth—from clean and renewable sources such as wind and solar power are crucial steps for G20 nations to meet their zero emission targets and assure sustainability in the aviation industry
The mediating role of spiritual well-being in the relationship between self-care agency and hope in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia: a cross-sectional and correlational study
Get PDFBackground/AimsResearch shows that low self-care ability and hopelessness are common in schizophrenia patients. Spirituality can be a key coping resource in managing mental illnesses. However, the mediating effect of spirituality on the relationship between self-care ability and hope in schizophrenia patients is unknown. This study aims to explore the mediating role of spiritual well-being in the relationship between self-care agency and hope in schizophrenia.MethodThis study is cross-sectional and correlational study with a descriptive design. The study was conducted with 116 schizophrenia patients who presented to the psychiatry outpatient clinic of a university hospital in eastern Turkey between 10.02. 2023 and 10.01. 2024. Descriptive Information Form, Self-Care Agency Scale, Herth Hope Index and Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy - Spiritual Well-Being Scale were used to collect the data. Structural equation modelling and bootstrapping method were used to analyse the data.ResultsIn this study, the effect of self-care agency on hope (beta = 0.12) was positive but not significant. However, self-care agency positively influenced spiritual well-being (beta = 0.47), and spiritual well-being had a significant positive effect on hope (beta = 0.83). Spiritual well-being fully mediated the relationship between self-care agency and hope, with the total mediated effect on hope being significant (beta = 0.52). The model explained 23% of the variance in spiritual well-being and 80% of the variance in hope.ConclusionIt was determined that self-care agency affected spiritual well-being positively and spiritual well-being affected hope positively in schizophrenia patients. It was also found that spiritual well-being mediated the relationship between self-care agency and hope. It is expected that this research model will be useful in formulating strategies to improve hope and self-care in schizophrenia patients
A Novel Interfragmentary Technique vs. A Conventional Posterolateral Approach for Unstable Femoral Intertrochanteric Fractures in the Elderly: A Retrospective Cohort Study
Get PDFBackground and Objectives: Intertrochanteric fractures of the femur are common in the elderly due to the increase in longer life expectancy. However, unstable intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly population were still a significant concern for the postsurgical period after total hip arthroplasty (THA). This study aimed to compare the demographics, operative time, dislocation rate, and length of stay of the novel interfragmentary technique (IFT) and the conventional posterolateral approach (CPA) for unstable intertrochanteric femoral fractures treated with THA in the elderly. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study investigated community-dwelling elderly patients with type III, IV, and V unstable femoral intertrochanteric fractures according to the Evans–Jensen classification, treated with THA by a well-experienced single surgeon. The patients were separated into IFT (n = 74) and CPA (n = 67) groups. Patient demographics (age, gender, and body mass index), total surgical duration, dislocation rates, length of stay and follow-up, and complication rates were recorded. Results: The mean age was 80.37 years in the IFT and 80.14 in the CPA groups (p = 0.838). Body mass index, gender, complication, and revision rates did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). The mean follow-up of the IFT group was 4.15 years, and 10.25 years in the CPA group (p = 0.001). Total surgical duration was comparable, with 69.98 min in the IFT group and 69.55 min in the CPA group (p = 0.697). The dislocation rate was 2.7% (n = 2) in the IFT group and 9% (n = 6) in the CPA group (p = 0.109). The mean length of stay was 66.97 h in the IFT group and 67.83 h in the CPA group (p = 0.729). Conclusions: The interfragmentary surgical technique, a novel technique for unstable intertrochanteric fracture surgery, shows promising clinical outcomes. Preserving the short rotator muscles and posterior capsule utilizing the novel IFT can be advantageous for the risk of dislocation without increasing surgical duration. It can be concluded that performing THA using IFT emerges as a practical and viable procedure for treating unstable intertrochanteric fractures in elderly patients. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved
The Impact of Disability Sports Awareness Activity on Attitudes: Perspectives of University Students
No full textThe present study aims to examine the impact of the Disability Sports Awareness Activity (DSAA) on university students. The design of the research model resided on qualitative research method. A total of 33 students (15 female, 18 male) participated in the study, including 19 players and 14 spectators in DSAA and holding focus group interviews among the participants. The study analyses revealed the following four themes: (a) development of attitudes through increased awareness, (b) ableist language hidden behind empathy, (c) career planning, and (d) entertainment. Consequently, it was found that engagement in awareness-raising activities through participation in the Disability Sports Awareness Activities (DSAA) markedly contributed to the development of university students' attitudes and awareness skills toward individuals with disabilities, as well as to their career planning. On the other hand, the continued use of ableist language is one of our findings. The DSAA-type awareness activities can be considered to have the potential to serve as a successful and enjoyable strategy for university students to enhance their attitudes toward individuals with disabilities, improve their cognitive skills, and support their career development
Analysis of young farmers' perceptions of agriculture and rural areas and factors affecting thei̇r decision-making processes
Get PDFBu çalışmada, Türkiye'nin sosyo-ekonomik açıdan dezavantajlı bölgelerinden biri olan TRB2 Bölgesi (Van, Muş, Bitlis ve Hakkâri illeri) özelinde, genç çiftçilerin tarım sektörüne yönelik algıları, mesleki motivasyonları, destek mekanizmalarına erişim düzeyleri ve sektörde kalma eğilimleri incelenmiştir. Ayrıca gençlerin tarımda nesil yenilenmesine yönelik politika süreçlerine katılım düzeyleri ile bu sürece dâhil olma motivasyonlarını etkileyen örgütsel, ekonomik ve sosyal faktörler analiz edilmiştir. Araştırmada, Tarım ve Orman Bakanlığı Çiftçi Kayıt Sistemi verilerine göre 18-41 yaş aralığında olan çiftçiler esas alınmıştır. Araştırmanın özgün verileri, örnekleme yöntemiyle seçilen genç çiftçilere uygulanan anketler aracılığıyla elde edilmiştir. Örneklem büyüklüğü, sonlu bir popülasyon için oransal örnekleme yöntemiyle hesaplanarak analiz edilmiştir. Araştırma bulguları, TRB2 Bölgesi'nde tarım sektörünün istihdamdaki payının %24,5 ile ülke ortalamasının (%14,8) oldukça üzerinde olduğunu; bölgede yüksek seyreden işsizlik oranı (%17,2) ve sanayi ile hizmet sektörlerinin sınırlı gelişimi nedeniyle tarımın ekonomik sürdürülebilirlik açısından kritik önemde bulunduğunu göstermiştir. Tarımsal nüfusun yaş dağılımı incelendiğinde, genç çiftçilerin oranının Türkiye ortalamasının üzerinde (%18,25) olmasına rağmen, yaşlanma eğiliminin sürdüğü tespit edilmiştir. Genç çiftçilerin kırsalda yaşamlarını sürdürebilmeleri ve tarımsal üretimde kalıcı olabilmeleri için yalnızca finansal değil, aynı zamanda sosyal güvenlik, bilgiye erişim ve temsiliyet gibi çok boyutlu destek mekanizmalarına ihtiyaç duydukları belirlenmiştir. TRB2 Bölgesi'nin istihdam ve kalkınma göstergeleri açısından öncelikli müdahale alanlarından biri olarak değerlendirilmesi gerektiği ve bu kapsamda genç çiftçilere yönelik çok boyutlu kırsal kalkınma politikalarının tasarlanmasının zorunlu olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.This study investigates the perceptions of young farmers regarding the agricultural sector, their professional motivations, their level of access to support mechanisms, and their tendency to remain in the sector, with a focus on the TRB2 Region (comprising the provinces of Van, Muş, Bitlis, and Hakkâri), one of Türkiye's socio-economically disadvantaged areas. Additionally, the study analyses the levels of participation of young people in policy processes related to generational renewal in agriculture, as well as the organisational, economic, and social factors that influence their motivation to engage in this process. The research is based on farmers aged between 18 and 41, identified from the data of the Farmer Registration System (ÇKS) which is a data system of the Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry. The first level information was collected through surveys addressed to young farmers selected by a sampling method. The sample size was determined using proportional sampling for a finite population and analysed accordingly. The findings of the study reveal that the share of the agricultural sector in regional employment in the TRB2 Region is 24.5%, considerably higher than the national average of 14.8%. Due to the region's high unemployment rate (17.2%) and the limited development of the industrial and service sectors, agriculture holds critical importance for economic sustainability. The analysis of the age distribution of the agricultural population shows that, although the proportion of young farmers is above the national average (18.25%), the ageing trend within the sector persists. The research concludes that in order for young farmers to maintain their livelihoods in rural areas and sustain their engagement in agricultural production, they require not only financial support but also comprehensive support mechanisms involving social security, access to information, and effective representation. It is concluded that the TRB2 Region should be regarded as a priority area for intervention based on employment and development indicators, and that multi-dimensional rural development policies targeting young farmers are essential within this scope
TiO2-doped sulfonated poly(etheretherketone)/poly(vinyl alcohol) blend membrane synthesis for microbial fuel cell systems
Get PDFThis study explores the development and comprehensive evaluation of titanium dioxide (TiO2)-doped, thermally crosslinked sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK)/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) blend membranes for microbial fuel cell (MFC) applications. The membranes were synthesized with varying TiO2 concentrations and characterized through analyses of water content, ion exchange capacity, swelling behavior, mechanical strength, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Incorporation of TiO2 significantly enhanced proton conductivity and reduced water-induced mass loss compared to undoped membranes. Among the various compositions, the membrane containing 5 wt% TiO2 (SPEEK/PVA-5T) demonstrated the highest proton conductivity of 0.4346 S cm(-1) at 25 degrees C, indicating superior performance. The membranes were tested in a cylindrical H-type MFC setup. The SPEEK/PVA-5T membrane achieved a maximum voltage output of 560.610 mV and a power density of 62.856 mu W m(-2), in comparison to a commercial Nafion 117 membrane, which delivered 777.740 mV and 120.975 mu W m(-2). These findings underscore the potential of the SPEEK/PVA-5T membrane as an effective and sustainable alternative for MFC applications, offering enhanced ion transport and contributing to the advancement of carbon-neutral energy technologies. This work represents a meaningful step toward the development of high-performance, eco-friendly membrane materials for renewable energy systems. (c) 2025 The Author(s). Polymer International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.Gazi niversitesi [FYL-2022-8059, FDK-2021-7349]Gazi University BAPThe authors gratefully acknowledge the Gazi University BAP for support (FYL-2022-8059 and FDK-2021-7349)
Kişi Merkezli Palyatif Bakım Hemşireliği Ölçeği’nin Türkçe Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması
Get PDFAmaç: Bu çalışma, Kişi Merkezli Palyatif Bakım Hemşireliği Ölçeği’nin Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliğini test etmek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Yöntem: Metodolojik tipte gerçekleştirilen çalışma, bir devlet üniversitesi hastanesinde Ocak-Mart 2024 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. Araştırmanın çalışma evreninden olasılıksız rastlantısal örneklem yöntemiyle seçilen ve dahil edilme kriterlerini karşılayan 405 hemşireye ulaşıldı. Veriler, ‘Bireysel Bilgi Formu’ ve ‘Kişi Merkezli Palyatif Bakım Hemşireliği Ölçeği’ kullanılarak toplandı. Araştırmada frekans, yüzde, ortalama ve standart sapma gibi tanımlayıcı istatistikler, AFA ve DFA grupları arasındaki farklar ki-kare testleri kullanılarak analiz edildi. Bulgular: Ölçeğin çeviri-geri çeviri yöntemi kullanılarak dil uyarlaması sağlandı. Kapsam Geçerlik İndeksi 0,96 bulundu. Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin değeri 0,945; Bartlett’s değeri χ2=8982.715, p<0,001 hesaplandı. Model uyum incelemesinde uyum indekslerinin kabul edilebilir sınırlarda olduğu saptandı. Ölçeğin iç tutarlılık α katsayısı .953 bulundu. Sonuç: Kişi Merkezli Palyatif Bakım Hemşireliği Ölçeği’nin Türk dili ve kültürüne uygun, geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek olduğu belirlendi
Raising Climate Heroes: Ecological Game Camp-A Mixed-Methods Study on Experiential Climate Education in Children and Adults
No full textThis mixed-method study explores the impact of the Raising Climate Heroes: Ecological Game Camp on climate change knowledge, awareness, behavior, and emotional engagement among primary school students and adult participants. Designed with experiential and game-based learning approaches, the program aimed to enhance environmental literacy through interactive, nature-centered activities. The quantitative findings from pre- and post-tests revealed significant increases in climate-related knowledge, awareness, climate-friendly behavior, hope, and reductions in climate anxiety. All measurement tools demonstrated high internal consistency (alpha = 0.809-0.914), indicating strong reliability across both age groups. Qualitative data, analyzed using descriptive thematic analysis, showed high levels of participant satisfaction. The adults emphasized educational gains, professional relevance, and appreciation of academic facilitation. The children focused on enjoyment, outdoor experiences, and social interaction. Activities such as ecological experiments, composting, and collaborative cooking were most favored. The results suggest that combining cognitive and emotional elements through play and hands-on learning can effectively promote pro-environmental attitudes. This study contributes to the literature by demonstrating how climate education can be both engaging and transformative for diverse learner groups.The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) [123B333]Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK)This research was supported by The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkiye (TUBITAK) under grant number 123B333
Investigation of the effects of TRIZ in STEM education integrated into the 6th grade science curriculum
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı, ortaokul 6. sınıf fen bilimleri dersi kapsamında "Sesin Maddeyle Etkileşmesi ve Madde ve Isı" konularına entegre edilen STEM (Fen, Teknoloji, Mühendislik ve Matematik) ve TRIZ (Yaratıcı Problem Çözme Teorisi) yaklaşımlarının öğrencilerin görüşlerine dayalı olarak öğrenme süreçlerine etkisini incelenmiştir. Araştırma karma yöntem desenine uygun olarak yürütülmüştür. Araştırmanın nicel verileri Ortaokul Öğrencilerine Yönelik 21. Yüzyıl Becerileri Ölçeği, Ortaokul Öğrencileri İçin Problem Çözme Becerilerine Yönelik Algı Ölçeği ve Bilgisayarca Düşünme Ölçeğinden toplanmıştır. Nitel veriler ise yarı yapılandırılmış öğrenci görüşme formu yoluyla elde edilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunu 45 altıncı sınıf öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Nicel verilerin analizinde SPSS paket programı kullanılmıştır. Nitel verilerin analizinde ise, tümevarımsal içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Nicel verilerin analizleri sonunda 21. Yüzyıl becerileri ve problem çözme beceri ölçeğinden elde edilen veriler ışığında gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık oluşurken bilgisayarca düşünme ölçeğinden toplanan verilerde bir farklılığın olmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Nitel verilerin analizleri sonucunda ise, öğrencilerin uygulamalara ilişkin olumlu görüşlerinin olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Benzer şekilde öğrencilerin uygulamalar sürecinde farklı problemler ile karşılaştıkları da anlaşılmıştır. Elde edilen nicel ve nitel veriler ışığında gelecek çalışmalar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) and TRIZ (Theory of Inventive Problem Solving) approaches integrated into the topics of "Sound and Heat Insulation" in the 6th grade science course on the learning processes of students based on their opinions. The study was conducted in accordance with a mixed method design. The quantitative data of the study were collected from the 21st Century Skills Scale for Middle School Students, the Perception Scale for Problem Solving Skills for Middle School Students, and the Computer Thinking Scale. Qualitative data were obtained through semi-structured student interview forms. The study group consisted of 45 sixth-grade students. SPSS software was used to analyze the quantitative data. Qualitative data were analyzed using inductive content analysis. The analysis of quantitative data revealed significant differences between groups in terms of 21st-century skills and problem-solving skills, while no significant differences were found in terms of computational thinking skills. The analysis of qualitative data revealed that students had positive opinions about the applications. Similarly, it was understood that students encountered different problems during the application process. Recommendations for future studies were made in light of the quantitative and qualitative data obtaine
he effect of Dimethoate on oxidative stress and antioxidant respons Evaluation of the effect of Levofloxacin and Cefalexin derivative antibiotics on Implant Osseointegration in rat tibia of Pontastacus leptodactylus
Get PDFOsseointegration refers to the process where an implant firmly and functionally bonds with the bone, establishing a stable union capable of bearing loads without any relative movement between the implant and the surrounding bone tissue. Post-surgery Infections that may develop in the surgical area can negatively affect osseointegration, putting the success of the implant at risk. The objective of this research was to evaluate the impact of antibiotics derived from levofloxacin and cephalexin on the osseointegration of implants in the tibias of rats. A total of 21 female Sprague Dawley rats were utilized, randomly divided into three equal groups of seven rats each. Titanium implants measuring 2.5 mm in diameter and 4 mm in length were inserted into cavities created in the corticocancellous bone of the metaphyseal region of the right tibias of all animals. In the implant control group (n = 7) no additional procedures were performed throughout the two-week experimental period. Subjects in the implant levofloxacin group (eta = 7) received subcutaneous injections of levofloxacin at a dose 25 mg/kg, administered three times weekly for weeks. Similarly, rats in the implant cephalexin group (n = 7) were given subcutaneous injections of cephalexin at a dosage of 20 mg/kg, three times per week for two weeks. Two weeks after the operation, the implant samples in the tibias of the rats were subjected to biomechanical analysis using a digital torque device in order to evaluate the osseointegration process. As a result, it was observed that levofloxacin and cephalexin-derived antibiotics had a negative effect on implant osseointegration in the tibias of rats