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Le recours en révision ne permet pas de corriger les manquements du demandeur lors de l'instance initiale. Note sous CCJA, n° 030/2024, 1re ch., 1er févr. 2024
No full textInternational audienc
Discours de soutenance de la thèse : « Matérialité, accessibilité, frictions : une analyse sociotechnique des dispositifs autour de l'autisme et de la neurodiversité »
No full textDiscours de soutenance de thèse.Neurodiversity social movements, mainly driven by people with autism, claim a different way of communicating, and a sometimes controversial epistemology. These claims are nonetheless manifested via ordinary communication devices (blogs, books, demonstrations), and raise the following issues: what roles do communication devices, their materiality and accessibility, play in controversies around autism and neurodiversity? What is the place of these devices and their accessibility in social science inquiry practices? To answer these questions, the thesis sheds light on data from several (n)ethnographic surveys, using a mixed theoretical framework combining approaches from information and communication sciences, sociology and crip approaches. In particular, it shows that digital devices contribute to normalizing discourses on autism and encourage individuals to mask their disability and their access frictions. It shows how these devices normalize face-to-face interactions, through participatory surveillance, and an attentional and bodily adjustment. In the latter case, it articulates accessibility and table training, opening on the place of institutional tables in social science practices. It concludes with an epistemological reflection on the accessibility of the communication devices mobilized at each stage of the field investigation and insists on the co-constitution of practices in social sciences and controversies around autism and neurodiversity.Les mouvements sociaux de la neurodiversité, surtout portés par des personnes autistes, revendiquent une manière différente de communiquer et une épistémologie parfois controversée. Ces revendications se manifestent néanmoins via des dispositifs de communication ordinaires (blogs, livres, manifestations) et soulèvent les problématiques suivantes : quels rôles les dispositifs de communication, leur matérialité et leur accessibilité, jouent-ils dans les controverses autour de l’autisme et de la neurodiversité ? Quelle est la place de ces dispositifs et de leur accessibilité dans les pratiques d’enquête en sciences sociales ? Pour répondre à ces problématiques, la thèse éclaire les données issues de plusieurs enquêtes (n)ethnographiques à la lumière d’un cadre théorique mixte, combinant approches en sciences de l’information et de la communication, en sociologie, et approches dites crip. Elle montre notamment que les dispositifs numériques contribuent à normaliser les discours sur l’autisme, et incitent les individus à masquer leur handicap et les frictions d’accès. Elle montre comment ces dispositifs normalisent les interactions en face-à-face, à travers une surveillance participative, et un ajustement attentionnel et corporel. Dans ce dernier cas, elle articule accessibilité et entraînement à la table, ouvrant sur la place des tables institutionnelles dans les pratiques en sciences sociales. Elle se termine par une réflexion épistémologique sur l’accessibilité des dispositifs de communication mobilisés à chaque étape de l’enquête de terrain, et insiste sur la co-constitution des pratiques en sciences sociales et des controverses autour de l’autisme et de la neurodiversité
Le contrôle de l'administration s'étend à des engagements préalables qui conditionnent l'élaboration du PSE
No full textInternational audienceTA Paris, 7 novembre 2024, no 242156
Medical care and initial health status of French children returnees from Jihadist Group Operation Areas: a cross-sectional study from 2017 to 2020 in one referral French hospital.
No full textInternational audienceThe return of foreign fighters’s children whose parents joined the so called « islamic state » in the Iraq-Syrian area, had been a very controversial topic. Since 2017, a national procedure in France has been designed to coordinate their care, including a systematic pediatric medical assessment.Methods: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the prevalence rate of diseases diagnosed at their arrival in France. Demographic characteristics and clinical assessment of all the children included in this procedure in one paediatric center between 2017 and 2020 were retrospectively collected.Findings: We included 70 children (44M, 26F; mean age: 4.9 years old (±3.8)). In average, they crossed two countries, mainly Syria (n = 55), Turkey (n = 53) and Iraq (n = 18). At least one parent was deceased or incarcerated in respectively 25 (36 %) and 50 cases (71 %). Main pathologies were infectious diseases (n = 14, 20 %), including one lymph node tuberculosis. Mild nutritional impairment (n = 55, 78%–95 %), stunting (n = 13, 19%–95 %), psychomotor troubles (n = 18, 26 %) and psychological or behavior troubles (n = 36, 51 %) were also reported. Nutritional impairment was associated with a longer stay abroad (aOR 4.34, 95 % CI [1.21–18.24], p = 0.03) whereas no significant association was found between the other diseases and age, birth country or length of stay abroad.Conclusions: Nutritional impairment and psychomotor or behaviour troubles were more frequent than other diseases in our cohort. These results emphasize the importance of considering the developmental aspects of these young children who experimented multiple potentially psychic traumatic events
The multiple grounds of global research. Describing the shape of Globalization studies in three different language-specific spaces.
No full textThis chapter presents evidence about the convergences and contrasts in globalization research across English, French, and Spanish. Performing a semantic mapping of scientific publication in three language-oriented databases (Web of Science, HAL-SHS, and SciELO) presents patterns for how globalization has been framed around distinct and shared objects in three linguistic spaces. Results show a marked contrast between research performed in English, focused on finance, global governance, and business competition; in French, stressing territorial dimensions and historical contexts; and in Spanish, stressing developmental challenges and impacts of rising trade openess. Still, convergences emerge around shared research objects like social movements, human-nature relations, and higher education. By comparing similarities and language-based traits, this study illustrates the critical role of language in scientific communication, grasping existent multiplicity in Globalization research. This comparison reveals that globalization research, rather than representing a uniform global conversation, reflects a complex interplay of local and global perspectives, where language serves not only as a medium of communication but as a crucial factor in shaping research agendas and theoretical frameworks. Our findings suggest that globalization can not be considered a mere additive or aggregative process and that linking diverse and asynchronic aspects is a critical component of reflexive takes on the process. These results emphasize that social sciences, far from being a bystander, serve as a critical mediator of globality
Le zuanga-yuanga, langue océanienne de Kanaky-Nouvelle-Calédonie (Grammaire)
No full textInternational audienceLe zuanga-yuanga est une langue de la famille océanienne, parlée dans l’extrême nord de la Nouvelle-Calédonie, dans une zone comprenant la région de Kaala-Gomen, le district de Paimboa et la région de Bondé et Ouégoua. L’écriture adoptée dans cet ouvrage tient compte des spécificités phonologiques de chaque variante, notamment l’opposition entre consonnes dentales et rétroflexes, qui est spécifique à la région de Kaala-Gomen, ainsi que l’existence de consonnes interdentales dans le district de Kaala-Gomen et à Paimboa, correspondant à la palatale ailleurs, comme l’indique le nom zuanga ~ yuanga.Cet ouvrage présente la phonologie et la morpho-syntaxe de cette langue. C’est une langue accusative, dont l’ordre des actants nominaux est VSO ou VOS. Comme d’autres langues kanak du nord, les pronoms ont des formes de singulier, duel, triel, pluriel, et marquent l’opposition entre pronoms inclusifs et exclusifs. Le zuanga-yuanga a également des classificateurs numériques et possessifs, et distingue des classes de noms dont la possession est directe ou indirecte. Son système d’orientation oppose la direction ‘vers le haut’, qui indique l’orientation vers le sud, vers l’est, de la mer vers la terre, à la direction ‘vers le bas’, qui marque les orientations inverses. L’axe transverse coupe l’axe haut-bas. Comme en nêlêmwa, la coordination des noms et pronoms est inclusive
"Pourquoi la guerre... nous regarde. Ou la mort de Vénus." (sur Pourquoi la Guerre, Amos Gitai, 2024), revue Esprit
No full texthttps://esprit.presse.fr/actualites/guillaume-soulez/pourquoi-la-guerre-nous-regarde-46152Fueled by the performances of its actors, Amos Gitai's film Why War (2024) is as much a reflection on war as it is a reflection on how we think about war, in images, without falling into the trap of fascination with images who develop or reignite violence. Here, Gitai combines the adaptation of the eponymous correspondence between Einstein and Freud in 1932 with Susan Sontag's reflections on violence through screens. It is an opportunity for Gitai to further perfect a new form of montage in this film.Porté par l'interprétation de ses acteurs, le film d'Amos Gitai Pourquoi la guerre (2024) est autant un film de réflexion sur la guerre qu'un film de réflexion sur nos moyens de penser la guerre, en images,sans tomber dans la fascination de celles qui développent ou relancent la violence. Gitai croise ici l'adaptation de la correspondance éponyme entre Einstein et Freud en 1932 avec les réflexions de Susan Sontag sur la violence par écrans interposés, et il perfectionne une nouvelle forme de montage à cette occasion
Association Between Parental Social Position and Childhood Overweight: Mediation by Lifestyle and BMI Patterns During Pregnancy
No full textInternational audienceIn high-income countries, children born to parents with low socio-economic position (SEP) or with non-Western ethnicity are disproportionally affected by obesity as early as preschool age. We assessed how much of these associations were mediated by parental lifestyle and BMI patterns during pregnancy. We characterised 5-6 years old children with or without overweight from the French Etude Longitudinale Française depuis l'Enfance (ELFE) (n = 8584) and the Dutch Generation R birth cohorts (n = 6511). We used counterfactual mediation analyses to assess the potential mediating effect of previously identified lifestyle patterns: "high parental smoking, poor-quality maternal diet and sedentary behaviour" and "high parental body mass index and low gestational weight gain". Both patterns jointly mediated 62.8% of the association between parents' education level and childhood overweight in ELFE and 23.2% in Generation R. In Generation R, they jointly mediated 8.9% of the association between parents' geographic origin and childhood overweight. In ELFE, parents with non-Western backgrounds were less likely to follow the first pattern, resulting in a negative indirect effect. Parental lifestyle and BMI patterns during pregnancy seem key contributors to the early development of socio-economic inequalities in childhood overweight, while other yet unidentified factors may contribute to inequalities related to geographic origin. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Long-Acting Cabotegravir and Rilpivirine in a National Cohort of People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: First Results From the ANRS-MIE CARLAPOP Study
No full textInternational audienceThe impact of pharmacokinetic variability of cabotegravir (CAB) and rilpivirine (RPV) long-acting (LA) injectable therapy on virological outcomes remains controversial. This study aimed to characterize the variability of CAB and RPV trough concentrations (C-trough) and to identify the predictors of suboptimal exposure and virologic failure (VF) in a large real-world cohort. Methods. We conducted a multicenter observational study including people with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) initiating LA-CAB/RPV as maintenance therapy from January to December 2022, in whom CAB and RPV plasma C-trough were determined as part of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM). Results. A total of 1674 CAB and 1687 RPV C-trough measurements were collected from 736 people with HIV-1 (PWH). Significant interindividual variability in concentrations was observed. At month 1/month 3, 20%-30% of PWH had C-trough <1120 ng/mL for CAB and 32 ng/mL for RPV. Predictors of lower C-trough were body mass index (BMI) >= 30 kg/m(2) and female sex at month 1, and only male sex at steady state. After a median follow-up of 12 (interquartile range, 9-16) months, VF occurred in 2.5% of PWH. At month 6 and month 12, VF was significantly associated with the presence of at least 2 risk factors (obesity, suboptimal C-trough) (odds ratio [OR], 4.6, P = .047; OR, 5.15, P = .014), and CD4 nadir (OR, 0.56, P = .008; OR, 0.5, P = .001). Conclusions. Our large real-world study confirms significant variability in CAB and RPV exposure, with BMI and sex as key predictors of lower C-trough. Suboptimal CAB and RPV C-trough, particularly in people with obesity, increases the risk of VF during the first year of treatment, highlighting the usefulness of TDM in clinical practice