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Mitral Annulus Calcification: Pathophysiology, Outcome, and Imaging Evaluation
No full textInternational audienceMitral annulus calcification (MAC) is a chronic, degenerative process characterized by calcium deposition in the mitral annulus. It is commonly observed in elderly individuals and those with chronic kidney disease, hypertension, and metabolic disorders. MAC has been increasingly recognized as a marker of cardiovascular disease and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including mitral valve dysfunction, arrhythmias, and increased cardiovascular mortality. The pathophysiology of MAC involves endothelial dysfunction, chronic inflammation, and osteogenic differentiation of valvular interstitial cells, driven by risk factors such as aging, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and hypertension. Imaging modalities, including echocardiography and computed tomography (CT) play a crucial role in the diagnosis, assessment, and risk stratification of MAC. The presence of MAC complicates mitral valve interventions, making surgical and transcatheter approaches challenging. Despite advancements in imaging and therapeutic strategies, MAC remains a significant challenge in cardiovascular medicine, necessitating further research into its pathophysiology, optimal management strategies, and long-term outcomes
Former à la lutte contre les violences faites aux femmes: La transmission d’un féminisme pragmatique
No full textInternational audienceSince the 2000s, training courses addressing violence against women have developed in France, particularly within the healthcare and social work sectors. By analysing the content of the courses initiated by public authorities, this article examines how knowledge and practices devised by feminist movements are disseminated to actors who work outside the women’s movement. To enlist them in the fight against violence, these training courses promote a form of pragmatic feminism, aiming above all at conveying new professional practices.Depuis les années 2000, la formation à la lutte contre les violences faites aux femmes se développe en France, notamment dans les secteurs de la santé et du travail social. Analysant des contenus de formations initiées par les pouvoirs publics, l’article étudie comment des savoirs et savoir-faire issus des mouvements féministes sont diffusés auprès de tel·les acteur·rices extérieur·es au secteur des droits des femmes. Pour les mobiliser dans la lutte contre les violences, ces formations promeuvent un féminisme pragmatique, visant avant tout à déployer de nouvelles pratiques professionnelles
Finest bounds for the Sinc hyperbolic function and applications
No full textIn this paper we prove for x ∈ (0, ∞) the double inequality for the Sinc hyperbolic function, with equality when r → 0.Similar double inequalities are provided for the Huygens and The Wilker functions as well as for the Lazarewic function.</div
Attitudes des Français vis-à-vis des facteurs de risque de cancer liés au milieu professionnel : résultats du Baromètre Cancer 2021
No full textNational audienceIntroduction. - Cancer is a major public health issue, with a rising incidence in France and a persistent underreporting of occupational cancers. In this study, we describe the French population's awareness of occupational cancer risk factors and their attitudes toward these factors in 2021, with a view to improving preventive actions. Methods. - This study is based on data from the 2021 Cancer Barometer, a national telephone survey conducted with a structured questionnaire. The survey targeted adults residing in mainland France with no history of cancer and at least one experience in the workplace. The questionnaire collected sociodemographic data, information about attitudes toward occupational risk factors, the degree to which participants considered themselves informed and the sources of information the participants considered reliable. Results. - The sample included 3,974 respondents with a mean age of 49.7 years (SD = 16.8 years), 42.0% of whom reported having been exposed to occupational risk factors, principally chemical agents (69.5%). Exposures to physical (6.5%) and biological (1.8%) agents were much less frequently identified. More than one third of the respondents (33.4%) considered night work to be a risk factor for cancer. Over half the participants (51.5%) reported feeling \"rather poorly\" or \"very poorly\" informed about these risks. Healthcare professionals (24.3%) and television (23.6%) were cited as the most reliable sources of information. Conclusions. - These findings highlight the need to improve public awareness of occupational cancer risk factors in France, particularly for lesser-known agents and night work. Targeted communication campaigns involving all primary prevention stakeholders appear essential to strengthen such campaigns.IntroductionLe cancer est un enjeu majeur de santé publique, avec une incidence en augmentation en France, et une sous-déclaration persistante des cancers d’origine professionnelle. Cette étude vise à décrire, en 2021, les attitudes et le niveau d’information de la population française concernant les facteurs de risque professionnels de cancer, afin de mieux orienter les actions de prévention.MéthodeL’étude repose sur les données du Baromètre Cancer 2021, une enquête nationale téléphonique réalisée à l’aide d’un questionnaire, auprès d’adultes résidant en France hexagonale, sans antécédent de cancer et ayant eu au moins une expérience professionnelle. Les items ont permis de recueillir des informations sociodémographiques, les attitudes vis-à-vis des facteurs de risque professionnels, le sentiment d’être informé et les sources d’information jugées fiables.RésultatsL’échantillon comprend 3974 répondants d’âge moyen 49,7 ans (ET = 16,8). Parmi eux, 42,0 % déclarent avoir été exposés à des facteurs de risque en milieu professionnel, principalement à des agents chimiques (69,5 %). Les agents physiques (6,5 %) et biologiques (1,8 %) sont beaucoup moins fréquemment identifiés. Par ailleurs, plus d’un tiers des répondants (33,4 %) considère le travail de nuit comme un facteur de risque de cancer. Plus de la moitié (51,5 %) se déclare « plutôt mal » ou « très mal » informée sur ces risques. Les professionnels de santé (24,3 %) et la télévision (23,6 %) sont les sources d’information jugées les plus fiables.ConclusionsCes résultats mettent en évidence un besoin de renforcer la sensibilisation de la population française aux facteurs de risque de cancer en milieu professionnel, notamment les agents moins connus et le travail de nuit. Des campagnes de communication ciblées, mobilisant l’ensemble des acteurs de la prévention primaire, apparaissent essentielles pour la renforcer
Central values of additive twists of Maa{\ss} forms -functions
No full text50 pagesInternational audienceIn the present paper we study the central values of additive twists of Maa{\ss} forms -series. In the case of the modular group, we show that the additive twists (when averaged over denominators) are asymptotically normally distributed. This supplements the recent work of Petridis--Risager which settled an averaged version of a conjecture of Mazur--Rubin concerning modular symbols. The methods of the present paper combine dynamical input due to Bettin and the first named author with the new fact that the additive twists define quantum modular forms in the sense of Zagier. This latter property is shown for a general discrete, co-finite group with cusps. Our results also has a number of arithmetic applications; in the case of Hecke congruence groups the quantum modularity implies certain reciprocity relations for twisted moments of twisted -automorphic -functions, extending results of Conrey and the second named author. In the case of cuspidal Maa{\ss} forms for the modular group, we also obtain a calculation of certain wide moments of twists of the -function of the Maa{\ss} form
Quelle(s) place(s) du végétal sur les photographies diffusées sur les réseaux sociaux numériques ? Le Jardin des Plantes sur Instagram (2012-2024) : méthodes et premières observations
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From physics-informed guidance to progressive distillation: A dual-stage diffusion framework for brain MRI super-resolution
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Raffinement de maillage adaptatif pour les problèmes d’écoulement et de transport dans les milieux poreux hétérogènes
No full textInternational audienceThis paper presents an adaptive mesh refinement strategy for modeling the flow and transport of contaminants in porous media. These phenomena are modeled by a system of equations that combine Darcy's law and the diffusion-convection equation. A combined finite volume and finite element discretization is used to discretize the coupled system. A guaranteed a posteriori error estimator, derived from an H(div)-conforming flux reconstruction, is computed and followed by an appropriate method of local refinement and coarsening of mesh elements in two and three dimension to minimize the difference between a discretized solution and a continuous solution in the context of industrial applications. The method is implemented within the MELODIE software developed by the ASNR in order to assess the safety of a deep geological disposal for radioactive waste, and is illustrated through a realistic application of flow and transport in heterogeneous porous media.L’article présente une stratégie de raffinement de maillage adaptatif pour la modélisation de l’écoulement et du transport de contaminants dans les milieux poreux. Ces phénomènes sont décrits par un système d’équations combinant la loi de Darcy et l’équation de diffusion-convection. Une discrétisation mixte, associant les méthodes des volumes finis et des éléments finis, est utilisée pour résoudre ce système couplé. Un estimateur d’erreur a posteriori garanti, dérivé d’une reconstruction de flux conforme, est calculé, puis utilisé pour guider un raffinement et un déraffinement locaux des éléments du maillage, en deux et trois dimensions, afin de minimiser l’écart entre la solution discrète et la solution continue dans un contexte d’applications industrielles. La méthode est implémentée dans le logiciel MELODIE, développé par l’ASNR, afin d’évaluer la sûreté d’un stockage géologique profond de déchets radioactifs, et elle est illustrée à travers une application réaliste d’écoulement et de transport dans un milieu poreux hétérogène
Under-resourced studies of under-resourced languages: lemmatization and POS-tagging with LLM annotators for historical Armenian, Georgian, Greek and Syriac
No full textLow-resource languages pose persistent challenges for Natural Language Processing tasks such as lemmatization and part-of-speech (POS) tagging. This paper investigates the capacity of recent large language models (LLMs), including GPT-4 variants and open-weight Mistral models, to address these tasks in few-shot and zero-shot settings for four historically and linguistically diverse under-resourced languages: Ancient Greek, Classical Armenian, Old Georgian, and Syriac. Using a novel benchmark comprising aligned training and out-of-domain test corpora, we evaluate the performance of foundation models across lemmatization and POS-tagging, and compare them with PIE, a task-specific RNN baseline. Our results demonstrate that LLMs, even without fine-tuning, achieve competitive or superior performance in POS-tagging and lemmatization across most languages in few-shot settings. Significant challenges persist for languages characterized by complex morphology and non-Latin scripts, but we demonstrate that LLMs are a credible and relevant option for initiating linguistic annotation tasks in the absence of data, serving as an effective aid for annotation.