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The role of dental professionals in identifying patients with a suspected primary Sjögren's syndrome and suggestions for prevention and treatment of oral complications: a narrative review
No full textInternational audienceObjectives: To improve the identification and management of undiagnosed primary Sjögren Syndrome (pSS) in daily practice. Data, sources, study selection: We conducted a literature search in PubMed on the etiology, medical diagnosis, oral characteristics, oral health-related quality of life, treatment of oral diseases, and oral rehabilitation of patients with pSS, with a special focus on those who experience dry mouth. Observational studies, clinical trials, and systematic reviews in English, without limitation as to year of publication, were retrieved and reviewed. Results: pSS is an auto-immune disease characterized by the association of a triad of symptoms (dryness, pain, and fatigue), with systemic involvement in approximately 30 % of patients. Dry mouth, especially if associated with a severe clinical picture (severe caries, tooth wear, gingival inflammation, candidiasis), should be a red flag for dentists and dental hygienists, prompting them to apply a specific diagnostic procedure, as we proposed according to our clinical experience, and to refer the patient to the appropriate medical team. In addition, the implementation of appropriate preventive strategies (mainly hydration, fluoridation) and the treatment of oral diseases aim to increase salivary flow, restore oral health, prevent the recurrence of oral diseases, and improve the comfort of these patients. Together, early detection, prevention and appropriate treatment are essential to improve patients' quality of life, which is severely impaired in primary Sjögren syndrome. Conclusion and clinical significance: Dentists and dental hygienists have a key role to play in identifying patients with undiagnosed primary Sjogren's syndrome by being alert to the oral characteristics of patients with dry mouth and analyzing them as part of the patients' overall clinical picture. Early detection of pSS is crucial, given the negative impact of this syndrome on patients' health and quality of life
L'éducation à la santé par les pairs à l'école élémentaire : un examen de portée
No full textInternational audienceChildren’s perception of health is shaped by various socio-economic and family contexts. Schools represent a key setting for health promotion, and peer health education is increasingly recognised as an effective strategy. This study aimed to examine peer health education programmes in elementary schools, focusing on implementation, facilitating factors, barriers, and effects. A scoping review was conducted in accordance with The Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations. Five databases were searched. Studies involving children aged 6–12 as recipients and peer educators aged 6–15 were included. Although the literature specifically targeting this age group is limited, 10 studies could be analysed. Out of 149 articles were identified, 10 studies were retained. Peer education took two forms: same-age education and inter-age education. Topics included nutrition, hygiene, and physical activity. The included studies reported positive trends in participants’ knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours. The involvement of the pupils and the integration of the interventions into the school curriculum were facilitating factors. Time constraints and the need for ongoing support were obstacles. Understanding the mechanisms of peer education is essential. Further research may inform the design and evaluation of future interventions and guide public policy.La perception de la santé des enfants est façonnée par divers contextes socio-économiques et familiaux. Les écoles représentent un cadre clé pour la promotion de la santé, et l'éducation à la santé par les pairs est de plus en plus reconnue comme une stratégie efficace. Cette étude visait à examiner les programmes d'éducation à la santé par les pairs dans les écoles primaires, en se concentrant sur la mise en œuvre, les facteurs de facilitation, les obstacles et les effets. Un examen de la portée a été effectué conformément aux recommandations de l'Institut Joanna Briggs. Cinq bases de données ont été recherchées. Des études portant sur des enfants âgés de 6 à 12 ans en tant que bénéficiaires et des pairs éducateurs âgés de 6 à 15 ans ont été incluses. Bien que la littérature ciblant spécifiquement ce groupe d'âge soit limitée, 10 études ont pu être analysées. Sur 149 articles identifiés, 10 études ont été conservées. L'éducation par les pairs a pris deux formes : l'éducation pour les pairs et l'éducation entre âges. Les sujets abordés comprenaient la nutrition, l'hygiène et l'activité physique. Les études incluses ont signalé des tendances positives dans les connaissances, les attitudes et les comportements des participants. L'implication des élèves et l'intégration des interventions dans le programme scolaire étaient des facteurs facilitants. Les contraintes de temps et le besoin d'un soutien continu étaient des obstacles. Comprendre les mécanismes de l'éducation par les pairs est essentiel. D'autres recherches peuvent éclairer la conception et l'évaluation des interventions futures et guider les politiques publiques
Le témoignage obstiné de Hassan Fazili. Midnight Traveler, un documentaire fait avec les moyens du bord
No full textInternational audienceCet article se concentre sur le documentaire Midnight Traveler(2019), réalisé par Hassan Fazili. Le film relate la fuite du cinéasteafghan et de sa famille, menacés de mort par les talibans, à traversles routes migratoires vers l’Europe. Hassan Fazili est animé par lavolonté de témoigner de sa condition migrante. Son récit, capturé àl’aide de trois téléphones portables, est examiné dans cet article sousl’angle de la « mobilographie », concept introduit par Richard Bégin(Bégin, 2022). Midnight Traveler constitue un travail d’écritureimpliquant le corps appareillé du cinéaste et les espaces précaires,parfois hostiles, dans lesquels il évolue. Une analyse filmique meten lumière ces conditions et la manière dont les images de HassanFazili manifestent une présence corporelle affectée par les épreuvesqu’il traverse. Les dynamiques familiales sont égalementexaminées, notamment à travers la circulation de la caméra entre lesmembres de la famille ainsi que les dilemmes moraux auxquelsHassan Fazili est confronté en tant que père. Malgré les nombreuxobstacles, son obstination et sa franchise dans son approchecinématographique font de son témoignage un document précieux.Cet article rend compte d’une écriture testimoniale mobile, façonnéepar un cinéaste faisant de son mieux pour témoigner de sonexpérience migratoire avec les moyens du bord
Variétés réelles connexes non stablement rationnelles
No full text34 pages, in French. Strengthened results in Section
On the Massey vanishing conjecture and formal Hilbert 90
No full textInternational audienceLet be a prime number, let be a profinite group, let be a continuous character, and for all write for the twist of by the ‐action. Suppose that satisfies a formal version of Hilbert's Theorem 90: for all open subgroups and every , the map is surjective. We show that the Massey Vanishing Conjecture for triple Massey products and some degenerate fourfold Massey products holds for . A key step in our proof is the construction of a Hilbert 90 module for : a discrete ‐module that plays the role of the Galois module for the absolute Galois group of a field of characteristic different from
Affirming pharmaceutical sovereignty: Technology transfer agreements and vaccine geopolitics during a global health emergency
No full textSynthetic Porous Microstructures: Automatic Design, Simulation, and Permeability Analysis
No full textThis study introduces an open-source computational framework for the generation and permeability evaluation of synthetic porous media. The proposed methodology integrates crystallographic and meshing tools to construct controlled microstructures with tunable porosity, facilitating seamless transitions from geometric modelling to computational domains for numerical simulations. The generated structures are analysed through fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations, leveraging the Entropically Damped Artificial Compressibility (EDAC) formulation in conjunction with the Discretization-Corrected Particle Strength Exchange (DC-PSE) method. A novel approach for the numerical estimation of the macroscopic permeability tensor is presented, employing a stochastic upscaling technique inspired by the volume averaging method. To validate the framework, we investigate the transition between creeping and non-Darcy flow regimes through parametric permeability studies, utilizing a one-dimensional approach for practical benchmarking. The results establish a foundation for experimental validation and provide insights into the customised design of porous structures for engineering and biomedical applications, offering a versatile tool for research in fluid transport and porous media mechanics
Mathematical Derivation of a Homogenized Bidomain Model for Pulsed Field Ablation
No full textWe propose a static multiscale mathematical model for pulsed field ablation (PFA) in cardiac tissue, grounded in a detailed microscopic description of intra-and extracellular electrical activity. Using high-order two-scale asymptotic expansions, we derive a physically meaningful macroscopic bidomain system that captures the nonlinear effects of electroporation through membrane conductivity which depends on homogenized transmembrane voltage. A key feature of our model is the presence of the small parameter ε within the nonlinear membrane law, which leads to a fundamentally different macroscopic behavior compared to classical electrophysiological models. We then conduct a numerical study to investigate the convergence of the model with respect to ε and to illustrate qualitatively the behavior of the homogenized system under biologically relevant stimulation protocols. Finally, we prove the convergence of the asymptotic expansion to arbitrary order, providing a full mathematical justification of the model
Maple wood biochar-supported nickel nanoparticles: One pot synthesis for simultaneous removal of cationic and anionic dye mixture
No full textInternational audienceThis work reports on a facile and efficient technique to synthesize nickel particles supported on maple wood biochar to form magnetic nanocomposite able to remove dyes like methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (RhB) from water. Methodology involves wet impregnation with aqueous nickel nitrate solution followed by a pyrolysis at 500 ºC. This resulted in homogeneously and uniformly distributed irregular shaped Ni particles in the size range of 16 -68 nm on the biochar surface. X-ray diffraction characterization confirms the presence of Ni particles and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy reveals their slight surface oxidation. Their ability to answer to a magnetic field has been confirmed by recording the variation of their magnetization as a function of the magnetic field at room temperature using a Vibrating Sample Magnetometer. The G Raman band of the biochar appeared to be less intense in the nanocomposite, compared to pristine biochar prepared as a reference, meaning Ni nanoparticles hinder carbonaceous graphitization during pyrolysis. This can be attributed to the porosity creation, as suggested by SEM observations. Ultimately, magnetic nanocomposites were successfully applied for the removal of RhB and MO from aqueous solutions. The adsorption capacity for the RhB is found to be 54.21 mg/g. Thanks to the magnetic properties of the engineered nanocomposites; they can be separated by a magnet and reused. Reusability test of adsorbent have shown 99.41 %, 74.58 %, and 49.78 %, adsorption efficiency after first, second and third cycles, respectively. This work opens up a future perspective to create filters for treating waste water coming from textile industries. This work well aligns with UN Sustainable Development Goals 6 (clean water and sanitation), 11 (sustainable cities and communities) and 13 (climate action)