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100 idées pour relancer la communication avec les ados
No full textInternational audiencePour prévenir les difficultés à l’adolescence, la communication est une composante essentielle de la relation avec les jeunes. Elle s’avère douloureusement affectée chez les adolescents en souffrance, émotionnelle ou psychique, ou qui ont du mal à trouver leur place dans le monde.Une communication rompue peut mener l’ado au conflit. L’adolescence est une période où les comportements des jeunes peuvent varier brutalement et obliger les adultes à réajuster leur posture. Parents et enseignants sont alors amenés à s’interroger sur leur façon de communiquer. Il est alors nécessaire d’aborder ces questions avec philosophie et détachement.Cet ouvrage apportera aux parents et aux enseignants des propositions concrètes afin de relancer la communication avec les ados et d’éviter que certaines situations ne s’enlisent.Des apports théoriques permettront aux adultes d’appréhender avec plus de sensibilité les problématiques liées à l’adolescence et à la parentalité pour jeter les bases d’une communication efficace. Enfin, des outils spécifiques aideront les adultes à identifier obstacles et leviers pour surmonter les situations conflictuelles ou les ruptures communicationnelles, et envisager pas à pas la relance de la communication
Clinical Presentation and Mid-Term Results of Mitral Valve Surgery for Calcified Mitral Valve Disease - The MITRACURE registry
No full textInternational audienceBackgroundCalcified mitral valve disease (CMVD) is an increasingly recognized condition associated with specific management challenges. MITRACURE, a large multicenter observational registry conducted in France and Canada, provides real-world insights into the characteristics and outcomes of patients with CMVD undergoing MV surgery.MethodsAmong the 3,522 patients included in MITRACURE, patients identified with CMVD were matched 4:1 for age, sex, and concomitant procedures with patients with myxomatous MV disease.ResultsSixty patients (2%) with CMVD were matched to 240 with myxomatous MV disease. Compared to the myxomatous cohort, CMVD patients had a greater burden of cardiovascular risk-factors, more comorbidities, and a more advanced presentation, with 70% vs. 52% in NYHA class III–IV (P=0.01). In-hospital mortality and major complication rates (composite of death, cardiogenic shock/low cardiac output requiring inotropes, acute renal failure requiring dialysis, and stroke or transient ischemic attack) were significantly higher in CMVD than myxomatous patients (20% vs. 4%, and 38% vs. 20%, both P<0.01). Median EuroSCORE II was slightly higher in CMVD patients (3.5 [IQR 2.2-5.7]) compared with those with myxomatous disease (2.6 [IQR 1.5-4.2], P<0.01). However, the observed mortality in the CMVD group was three to four times higher than predicted, whereas in the myxomatous group it was consistent with predicted values.ConclusionCMVD defines a high-risk surgical population with substantial baseline cardiovascular morbidity and markedly elevated postoperative mortality and complication rates that were substantially underestimated by EuroSCORE II emphasizing the need for refined risk prediction models and individualized management strategies in this subset of patients
Correction: ABiMed: An intelligent and visual clinical decision support system for medication reviews and polypharmacy management
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A Near-Optimal Play for a Discrepancy Learning Game
No full textIn this article, we present a new discrepancy learning game between two players Alice and Bob. Theywill play on a set system from which Alice only knows the ground set at the start. She will choose coloringsof the ground set and Bob chooses ranges from the set system. As Bob chooses ranges and reveals them toAlice, she learns about the set system. She wants to minimize the discrepancy of the ranges given by Bobwith respect to the colorings she picks. We show that there exists a non-trivial strategy for Alice to obtainnear-optimal value for the game when the set system has finite VC-dimension. Our strategy relies on thelow-discrepancy algorithm of Lovett and Meka
Experience of financial hardship and depression: a longitudinal population-based multi-state analysis
No full textInternational audienceAbstract Aims Little is known about the effects of both financial hardship and people’s perception of it on mental health. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of perceived financial hardship on individuals’ depressive symptoms across several strata of objective financial situations. Methods We used data from a four-wave French national population-based cohort ( N = 14,236, 2020–2022) to assess the relationship between depressive symptoms and perceived financial hardship. Multi-state models (MSM) were used on a three-level scale for depressive symptom severity based on the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Analyses were stratified by household income to study the interaction with the objective financial situation. Results We showed a link between perceived financial hardship and the onset and deterioration of depressive symptoms in subsequent waves, with effect sizes ranging from HR = 1.29 (0.87-1.90) to 2.23 (1.66-2.98). This association was stronger in the high-income population. There was no significant link between perceived financial hardship and the improvement of depressive symptomatology. Conclusions This study confirms that perceived financial hardship is linked to the onset and deterioration of depressive symptoms. Furthermore, it suggests a stronger effect in high-income households, which could mean that the experience of financial hardship and the objective financial situation interact in their effect on mental health
Tailoring the optoelectronic properties of MoO nanoparticles: a novel microwave-assisted synthesis for near-infrared absorbing polyoxometallic clusters
No full textInternational audienceThe emergence of novel catalytic, electrochemical, and biomedical applications of nanomaterials requires an understanding of their structural basis for stimuli-responsive performance. The chemistry of polyoxometallic nanomaterials, with a variety of interesting properties, remains poorly explored. In this study, microwave-assisted non-aqueous sol-gel synthesis was used for the first time to prepare nanoparticles based on polyoxomolybdates. Their optoelectronic properties, focusing on laser-triggered photothermal response, were investigated in detail depending on the synthesis temperature. Significant differences were observed between products prepared from the same precursor via a fast protocol by varying the synthesis temperature. Only low-temperature synthesis (≤ 90 °C) yielded near-infrared (NIR) photothermally active MoOX nanoparticles. The regular packing with large lattice defects of these clusters, along with a low reduction degree, allows water molecules to penetrate and interact with surface Mo = O bonds, forming intermediate electron states within the bandgap. These intermediate electron states are responsible for the NIR laser response suitable for photothermia. Additionally, the NIR response can be modulated in a controlled manner even after synthesis through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. These findings have direct implications for MoOX photothermal therapy, targeted defect engineering of polyoxomolybdate structures, and their electrochemical and biological applications
Co-Trajectories of Substance Use and Work Status: Longitudinal Exploratory Descriptive Findings from the CONSTANCES Cohort
No full textInternational audienceObjective: We aimed to identify substance use and work status co-trajectories and to describe the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of each profile. Methods: From the French CONSTANCES cohort, 19,285 adults enrolled between 2012 and 2015, were included in the analyses. Clusters of co-trajectories of substance use (alcohol, tobacco and cannabis) and work status at baseline and 5-years period of follow-up were identified using finite mixture models. For each cluster, age, sex, indicator of social position (i.e. education, occupational grade, household monthly income and marital status) and self-rated health were described. Results: Among the 12 identified clusters, participants in the cluster with the lowest non-working rate (4.3%) were at low-risk drinkers, nonsmokers and never consumed cannabis. In the cluster with the highest non-working rate (14.5%), participants were nondrinkers, smokers and consumed cannabis less than once per month. The 3 clusters with the highest non-working rates (i.e. Clusters 6, 7, 12) were characterized by fewer women overall, lower social position, poorer self-rated health, and high substance use. Conclusion:The present study identified different substance use and work co-trajectories underlining the heterogeneity in individual experiences with respect to these factors.</div
Monitoring the non-hydrostatic pressure distribution in diamond anvil cell with time-domain Brillouin scattering 3D imaging
No full textUltrasons laser, interaction son-lumière; GAPSUS - Acoustique Physique, Sous-Marine et Ultra-SonoreNational audienceA diamond anvil cell (DAC) enables the study of materials under extremely high, non-hydrostatic pressures, reaching up to hundreds of GPa. One common method to measure the pressure inside a DAC is ruby fluorescence, where the emitted wavelength is linked to pressure using an earlier established calibration e.g. (1). However, this method provides a local pressure measurement around the ruby grains, which may not accurately represent the overall pressure distribution within the DAC. Pressure distribution in the DAC can also be assessed using X-ray diffraction, which offers micrometer-scale lateral resolution (2). However, resolution along the depth, i.e., the axial resolution, is imaginable but not practicable due to inacceptable time and labour efforts. Because product of the acoustic velocity and refractive index of a material changes with pressure, Time-domain Brillouin scattering (TDBS) allows straightforward reconstruction of a 3D distribution of the Brillouin frequency and thus pressure inside a DAC (3). To ensure that variations in the Brillouin frequency (BF) are exclusively due to pressure changes, the DAC is filled with a monomer hydroxyethylmethacrylate (mHEMA), that is acoustically and optically isotropic. By mapping the spatial variation of BF, the 3D relative pressure distribution within the DAC can be reconstructed. Here, we examined the entire sample volume of 30 &ₘu;m in thickness with a lateral and axial resolution of 1.5 &ₘu;m and 160 nm, respectively. (1) Hk. Mao, et al., Journal of Applied Physics 49, 3276-3283 1978. (2) HP. Liermann, et al., Journal of synchrotron radiation 22.4 908-924 2015. (3) S. Sandeep, et al., Journal of Applied Physics 130, 053104 2021
Formulation multimodale de la génération d'ondes guidées par des sources spatialement étendues
No full textAéroacoustique guidée : modélisation, mesure et traitements acoustiques; GAHA - Aéro et Hydro-AcoustiqueNational audienceLa propagation d’ondes dans des guides complexes peut être précisément décrite et résolue numériquement au moyen d’une approche multimodale, qui consiste, basiquement, à substituer au problème original, scalaire et dépendant des trois coordonnées spatiales (typiquement, l’équation de Helmholtz pour la pression acoustique), un problème matriciel dépendant de la seule coordonnée axiale le long du guide. La nouvelle inconnue est alors le vecteur des composantes du champ original dans une base appropriée de fonctions transverses. En l’absence de sources dans le domaine d’intérêt, le problème homogène reformulé et ses conditions aux limites (champ incident et condition de rayonnement) peut alors être décomposé, après introduction d’une matrice admittance (opérateur Dirichlet-to-Neumann), en une paire de problèmes aux valeurs initiales. Ayant connu de nombreux développements, cette approche multimodale a permis l’étude d’une grande variété de problèmes, en géométrie complexe ou en présence de désordre ou d’écoulement. Nous présentons ici une adaptation de la méthode lorsque le champ est généré par des sources étendues dans le domaine de calcul. La résolution du problème inhomogène impose alors de revoir la transformation du problème aux limites en une séquence de problèmes aux valeurs initiales. L’approche proposée consiste à séparer, dans un premier temps, le champ multimodal en deux composantes (qui, dans le problème trivial d’un guide uniforme infini, sont les ondes « aller » et « retour ») et à définir deux opérateurs d’admittance. Deux paires de problèmes aux valeurs initiales peuvent alors résolus en parallèle pour obtenir la solution. Des exemples seront donnés pour valider et illustrer la méthode