HAL-Paris 13
Not a member yet
33893 research outputs found
Sort by
"TODO ES UNA FRIOLERA": REFLEXIONES SOBRE LA LENGUA EN LOS SAINETES DE RAMON DE LA CRUZ
No full textInternational audienceAnalyse des traits linguistiques, ressorts humoristiques, dans quelques Sainetes de Ramon de la Cruz.Collection dirigée par Grégory Dubois
Étude qualitative descriptive, complémentaire à l'étude de 2021, sur l'utilisation de la simulation dans les enseignements des éducations en santé dans les instituts de formation en soins infirmiers d'Île-de-France
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : Les professionnels de santé sont amenés à développer des compétences éducatives et préventives au service des prises en soins des patients. La formation infirmière prévoit une compétence spécifique que les étudiants abordent sur le plan théorique mais qu’ils ont peu l’occasion de mettre en pratique lors des stages. La simulation semble pouvoir pallier ce manque d’opportunités. Objectif : L’étude complémentaire à l’étude de 2021, vise à décrire plus précisément comment la simulation est utilisée dans les enseignements des éducations en santé en IFSI. Méthodes : Etude descriptive qualitative menée auprès de formateurs d’IFSI d’Ile-de-France utilisant la simulation dans leurs enseignements des éducations en santé. Résultats : Dix entretiens semi-directifs ont été conduits dont neuf sont exploités. De façon générale, les formateurs utilisent le jeu de rôle particulièrement pour les enseignements de l’ETP. Les objectifs des séances visent l’application d’une étape de l’ETP et le développement d’une posture au service de l’éducation. Discussion : Les phases de la simulation respectent les recommandations de la HAS mais l’évaluation mériterait d’être davantage travaillée afin d’identifier les apprentissages réels par les séances de simulation. Les patients mériteraient d’être davantage impliqués dans ces projets au service de la professionnalisation des étudiants
Microemulsion-Inspired Polysaccharide Nanoparticles for an Advanced Targeted Thrombolytic Treatment
No full textInternational audienceAmong cardiovascular diseases, thrombotic diseases such as ischemic heart disease and acute ischemic strokes are the most lethal, responsible by themselves for a quarter of worldwide deaths. While surgical treatments exist, they may not be used in all situations and systemic thrombolytic drug injection, such as recombinant tissue plasminogen activators (rtPA), often remains necessary, despite serious limitations including short therapeutic window, severe side effects and failure to address the complex nature of thrombi. This prompted intense research into alternative thrombolytics or delivery methods, including nanomedicine. However, most nanoparticles face issues of stability, biocompatibility or synthesis robustness; among them, polymeric nanoparticles, though usually versatile and biocompatible, sometimes lack robustness and may involve toxic or complex synthesis. Here, we present polysaccharide hydrogel nanoparticles, designed with an improved microemulsion-based approach which allowed a critical size reduction from microparticles to 315 nm nanoparticles. They were decorated with fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide capable of high affinity binding to P-selectin, a thrombi biomarker. These nanoparticles exhibited a good stability, adequate size, biocompatibility and targeting capacity, and could be loaded with two different drugs, rtPA (fibrin degradation) or DNase I (degradation of neutrophil extracellular traps, or NETs), to exert thrombolysis. Notably, improved synergic thrombolysis was demonstrated on NET-containing thrombi, while in vivo thrombolysis shed light into improved thrombolysis of rtPA-loaded nanoparticles at 50% and 10% the recommended dose without secondary embolization. These safe, robust and easy-to-make nanoparticles could provide effective delivery strategies for thrombolytic treatments, while demonstrating the potential of polysaccharide nanoparticles as drug delivery agents
Facteurs de risque d’origine nutritionnelle du diabète de type 2 – apport de la cohorte française NutriNet-Santé aux connaissances scientifiques
No full textInternational audienceCompte tenu de l’augmentation de la prévalence du diabète de type 2 (DT2) dans le monde, il est important de mieux comprendre ses facteurs de risque et de protection, afin d’orienter les futures politiques de prévention et de prise en charge. Les études observationnelles à grande échelle sont utiles à cet égard. L’étude NutriNet-Santé est une cohorte prospective française en ligne, lancée en 2009, ayant permis la publication de 12 articles originaux portant sur les facteurs de risque du DT2. Parmi ces 12 études, 11 sont prospectives (suivi moyen : 4 à 9 ans) sur des échantillons de 33 256 à 107 377 participants. La consommation d'aliments ultra-transformés, l'exposition à certains mélanges de pesticides ou une première prise alimentaire tardive ont été associées à un risque plus élevé de DT2. Au contraire, une plus forte adéquation aux recommandations nutritionnelles françaises ou une consommation importante d'aliments issus de l'agriculture biologique étaient associées à un risque plus faible de DT2. D'autres études en relation avec le DT2 sont en cours dans la cohorte NutriNet-Santé, portant sur l'adhésion à des régimes durables, l'exposition à certains additifs et contaminants liés à la transformation des aliments, ou les troubles de santé mentale
Le marché des pezze à Resina: Un carrefour mondial de la fripe dans la banlieue de Naples
No full texthttps://vilmouv.cnrs.fr/naples/le-marche-des-pezze-a-resina
The Role of Multimodality Imaging in Multiple Valvular Heart Diseases. A Clinical Consensus Statement of the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging (EACVI) of the ESC
No full textInternational audienceWith this document, the European Association of Cardiovascular Imaging provides an Expert Consensus on the role of multi-modality imaging (MMI) in the management of patients with multiple valvular heart disease (MVD). Emphasis is given to the use of MMI to unravel the diagnostic challenges that characterize these patients and to improve risk stratification. Complementing the last European Society of Cardiology and European Association of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery guidelines on valvular heart disease, this Expert Consensus document also outlines how MMI assessment should form an integral part of the multi-disciplinary heart team discussion for patients with MVD to help with complex decision-making regarding the choice and timing of treatment
Influence of Side Chain–Backbone Interactions and Explicit Hydration on Characteristic Aromatic Raman Fingerprints as Analysed in Tripeptides Gly-Xxx-Gly (Xxx = Phe, Tyr, Trp)
No full textInternational audienceBecause of the involvement of π-electron cyclic constituents in their side chains, the so-called aromatic residues give rise to a number of strong, narrow, and well-resolved lines spread over the middle wavenumber (1800–600 cm−1) region of the Raman spectra of peptides and proteins. The number of characteristic aromatic markers increases with the structural complexity (Phe → Tyr → Trp), herein referred to as (Fi = 1, …, 6) in Phe, (Yi = 1, …, 7) in Tyr, and (Wi = 1, …, 8) in Trp. Herein, we undertake an overview of these markers through the analysis of a representative data base gathered from the most structurally simple tripeptides, Gly-Xxx-Gly (where Xxx = Phe, Tyr, Trp). In this framework, off-resonance Raman spectra obtained from the aqueous samples of these tripeptides were jointly used with the structural and vibrational data collected from the density functional theory (DFT) calculations using the M062X hybrid functional and 6-311++G(d,p) atomic basis set. The conformation dependence of aromatic Raman markers was explored upon a representative set of 75 conformers, having five different backbone secondary structures (i.e., β-strand, polyproline-II, helix, classic, and inverse γ-turn), and plausible side chain rotamers. The hydration effects were considered upon using both implicit (polarizable solvent continuum) and explicit (minimal number of 5–7 water molecules) models. Raman spectra were calculated through a multiconformational approach based on the thermal (Boltzmann) average of the spectra arising from all calculated conformers. A subsequent discussion highlights the conformational landscape of conformers and the wavenumber dispersion of aromatic Raman markers. In particular, a new interpretation was proposed for the characteristic Raman doublets arising from Tyr (~850–830 cm−1) and Trp (~1360–1340 cm−1), definitely excluding the previously suggested Fermi-resonance-based assignment of these markers through the consideration of the interactions between the aromatic side chain and its adjacent peptide bonds
Congreso internacional «Artes y artistas jesuitas en las misiones de América: migración, innovación y apropiación» (Quito, 21 y 22 de noviembre de 2024), recension
No full textInternational audienc
Mourir pendant la guerre du Vietnam : rites, deuils et filiations
No full textInternational audienceThis study explores the rituals, mourning practices, and generational transmission of experiences related to the Vietnam War – or the war against the United States – focusing on the socio-historical and cultural context of Vietnam. Drawing on qualitative research in psychology, including fieldwork observations and semi-structured interviews with war survivors and their descendants, the study employs a theoretical framework combining psychoanalysis, complementarism, and transcultural psychology. Key findings highlight the role of ancestor worship and domestic altars as transitional spaces between the living and the dead, as well as the challenges posed by the absence of bodies due to war. The research also examines the dichotomy between state-led commemorations, which glorify war martyrs and reinforce national identity, and marginal practices such as soul-calling rituals and possession ceremonies, which address unresolved familial and collective grief. The study underscores the tension between official heroic narratives and individual suffering, raising questions about the ownership of the dead—whether they belong to their families or the national pantheon. Ultimately, this work sheds light on the interplay between collective and individual memories in post-war Vietnam, revealing a "memory of forgetting" shaped by silence and unspoken trauma.Cette étude explore les rites, les pratiques de deuil et la transmission générationnelle des expériences liées à la guerre du Vietnam – ou guerre contre les États-Unis – en se concentrant sur le contexte socio-historique et culturel du Vietnam. S'appuyant sur une recherche qualitative en psychologie, comprenant des observations sur le terrain et des entretiens semi-structurés avec des survivants de la guerre et leurs descendants, l'étude utilise un cadre théorique combinant la psychanalyse, le complémentarisme et la psychologie transculturelle. Les principaux résultats mettent en évidence le rôle du culte des ancêtres et des autels en tant qu'espaces de transition entre les vivants et les morts, ainsi que les défis posés par l'absence de corps due à la guerre. La recherche examine également la dichotomie entre les commémorations organisées par l'État, qui glorifient les martyrs de guerre et renforcent l'identité nationale, et les pratiques marginales telles que les rituels d'appel des âmes et les cérémonies de possession, qui traitent les deuils familiaux et collectifs non résolus. L'étude souligne la tension entre les récits héroïques officiels et la souffrance individuelle, soulevant des questions sur l'appartenance des morts – qu'ils appartiennent à leur famille ou au panthéon national. Finalement, ce travail met en lumière l'interaction entre les mémoires collective et individuelle dans le Vietnam d'après-guerre, révélant une « mémoire de l'oubli » façonnée par le silence et le non-dit des traumatismes
vWF/GPIb mechano-dependent interactions require F-actin disassembly by the oxidoreductase MICAL1
No full textInternational audienceIntroductionPlatelet adhesion to sites of vascular injury is initiated through the interaction between von Willebrand factor (vWF) and its receptor glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα). While GPIbα is known to interact with the actin cytoskeleton, the role of actin dynamics in regulating vWF/GPIb interactions under shear stress remains to be elucidated.MethodWe generated a platelet-specific MICAL1 knockout (KO) mouse model to investigate the role of actin regulation in platelet function, comparing it to wild-type (WT) counterparts in both in vitro assays and FeCl₃-induced mesenteric arterial injury model. Actin dynamics were modulated pharmacologically using depolymerization (Latrunculin A, LatA) and stabilization (Jasplakinolide, Jasp) agents. Platelets were perfused over a vWF matrix at 1500s⁻¹ to assess rolling and adhesion, followed by a shear challenge at 9,000 s⁻¹ to evaluate stability. Protein interactions were investigated by co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) of GPIbα under static and flow conditions.ResultsF-actin stabilization by Jasp impaired platelet rolling, adhesion, and stability on vWF, indicating that actin dynamics are crucial for early platelet-vWF interactions. We identified MICAL1 as a candidate required for F-actin disassembly in platelets, and its association with GPIbα was confirmed via co-IP. Activation of GPIbα by vWF increased MICAL1 and β-actin recruitment to the complex (17-fold ± 3 for MICAL1; 20-fold ± 2 for β-actin). LatA treatment reduced the association of both β-actin and MICAL1 with GPIbα, suggesting F-actin’s role in recruiting MICAL1.In vivo, MICAL1 KO exhibited prolonged occlusion times in arterioles after FeCl₃ injury (KO: 693 ± 132 s vs. WT: 464 ± 44 s) with unstable thrombus formation. While there were no differences in platelet morphology or vWF binding between the genotypes under static conditions, flow assays revealed reduced platelet adhesion (KO: 14 ± 1% vs. WT: 20 ± 1%) and stability (KO: 53 ± 3% vs. WT: 76 ± 3%), with elevated F-actin levels in KO platelets. Treatment with low-dose LatA normalized adhesion and stability in KO platelets but had no effect on WT platelets. KO platelets displayed abnormally elongated tethers that failed to retract (4 ± 18%), unlike WT platelets, which showed an 84 ± 4% reduction in tether size. To isolate the vWF-GPIbα interaction we studied rolling. KO platelets exhibited increased rolling velocities (KO: 2.06 ± 0.09 µm/s vs. WT: 1.41 ± 0.08 µm/s) and greater β-actin association with GPIbα under flow. Low-dose LatA treatment restored KO platelet velocity to WT levels by reducing β-actin levels associated with GPIbα.ConclusionOur data demonstrate that MICAL1 plays a pivotal role in regulating actin dynamics, which is essential for stable platelet adhesion and thrombus formation under shear flow. MICAL1 modulates GPIb mechanoreceptor function, both in vitro and in vivo, by facilitating actin disassembly, underscoring its importance in the platelet response to vascular injury