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Confidence-Driven Deep Learning Framework for Early Detection of Knee Osteoarthritis
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Bifidobacterium enhances the antitumor efficacy of carboplatin in glioblastoma cells: targeting apoptotic and cell cycle regulatory pathways via Caspase, AKT/PTEN, and P53/P21 signaling
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Probiotic-enhanced chemotherapy: Lactobacillus fermentum synergizes with vincristine to induce apoptosis via dual pathway activation in human cancer cells
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Suppressing effect of tetraselmis suecica algae extracts on growth of MCF-7 breast cancer cells through induction of apoptosis
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Potential anticancer properties of Tetraselmis suecica extract against oral and colorectal cancer cells
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N -Acetylcysteine-Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles via Photoclick Reaction as Antioxidant Nanomedicine
No full textInternational audienceReactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules regulated by a balance of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems. In the heart, ROS play crucial roles in maintaining cellular homeostasis, influencing processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, and excitation-contraction coupling. However, when ROS levels surpass the antioxidant defense capacity, oxidative stress happens, leading to cellular and molecular damage that can ultimately result in cardiac dysfunction.In this study, we developed an antioxidant nanomedicine based on gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) functionalized with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), designed to counteract oxidative stress in the heart. NAC is an essential endogenous antioxidant, which can effectively prevent local ROS formation and protects human endothelial and stem cells from oxidative stress.Using a thiol-yne photo-click chemistry approach, NAC was efficiently grafted onto Au NPs pre-functionalized with 4-ethynylbenzene diazonium salts. The resulting Au NPs exhibit excellent biocompatibility, along with significant antioxidant activity, good compatibility with human endothelial cells and efficient cellular internalization
How do healthcare providers adapt to AYA–parent dynamics when supporting adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer? A qualitative study
No full textInternational audiencePurpose: This paper aims to better understand the challenges faced by oncology teams indedicated adolescent and young adult (AYA) units as they strive to involve both patients andtheir parents, seeking a balance between patient-centered and family-centered care.Specifically, it examines the dynamics between AYAs, their parents, and healthcare providers(HCPs) during prolonged hospitalizations. Methods: Conducted between 2018 and 2021 in adedicated AYA hematology unit in Paris, the study included 10 in-depth individual interviews,research observations, and focus groups. Data were analyzed inductively according toGrounded Theory principles. Results: Rather than combining patient-centered and family-centered care, HCPs tend to adopt an “AYA-parent dyad-centric” model of care. These resultshighlight the importance of understanding and assessing the unique dyadic dynamics betweenAYAs and their parents to effectively support AYA’s psychosocial needs, particularly infostering their autonomy process. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that a dyad-centeredmodel of care, one that allows the involvement of AYAs and their parents as a dyad, enablesa better understanding of and adaptation to the family dynamics at play, leading to moretailored and effective healthcare management
Numerical modelling of the carburization ? quenching process in steels
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Role of medico-administrative database in the selection of the target population in colorectal cancer screening program
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in average-risk populations requires filtering a target population based on medical information in population-based CRC screening programs (CRCSP). This study describes the level of consensus in medical exclusion practice and the role of the medico-administrative databases (MADB) in accurately targeting the eligible individuals for CRCSP screening campaigns. Design: The descriptive study combined a cross-sectional survey and a non-systematic literature review. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among CRCSPs worldwide. Information was collected on the use of MADB for identifying consensus-based exclusion criteria (applied by >50% of CRCSPs). When a MADB was used, the study assessed whether the definition (code lists, medical terminologies) of the exclusion criteria was available. These definitions were compared between programs to evaluate the degree of consensus. Results: In all, 20 out of the 31 CRCSPs (Australia, England, Manitoba, Ontario, Washington State, 26 European countries) participating in the survey implemented medical exclusions. Five consensus-based exclusion criteria were identified (personal history of CRC, inflammatory bowel disease, adenoma, recent colonoscopy, genetic risk). However, these criteria were not uniformly defined in MADBs (i.e., CRC phenotype includes ICD-10 codes C18–C21 in Catalonia, while the C21 code was excluded elsewhere). Furthermore, although the MADBs exist and contain relevant information, they remain inaccessible to screening management structures in some countries (e.g., in France). Conclusion: The number of consensus-based criteria was limited, and they were the least nuanced, likely because they are easier to collect using the current CRCSPs management resources. These consensual criteria can be queried in most MADBs. However, the use of MADBs was not standardized across programs for various reasons (absence of a database, unavailability of information in the database when it exists, inaccessibility of the database when it exists), limiting comparability between them. Standardizing the five consensus criteria across all programs would only be effective if the disparity caused by systemic failures in the organization of each program was controlled
Modeling Whole-Body Dynamic PET Microdosing Data to Predict the Whole-Body Pharmacokinetics of Glyburide in Humans
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction Whole-body dynamic (WB4D) positron emission tomography (PET) imaging data using radiolabeled analogs of drugs are mostly analyzed using descriptive approaches, with no relationship to traditional pharmacokinetic studies based on blood sampling. Here, we build a pharmacokinetic (PK) model from WB4D PET data obtained using a microdose of radiolabeled glyburide ([ 11 C]glyburide) in humans, aiming to describe the biodistribution of this drug and compare estimated pharmacokinetic parameters with the parameters obtained in standard PK studies. Methods The present work analyzes data acquired over 40 min after injection of [ 11 C]glyburide in 16 healthy subjects using non-linear mixed-effect models (NLMEM). In 10 subjects, a second PET acquisition was performed after rifampicin administration, which may cause a drug-drug interaction and inhibit the liver uptake transport of glyburide. Arterial blood, liver, kidneys, pancreas, and spleen kinetics were modeled using NLMEM. The model-building strategy involved selecting the structural model using baseline [ 11 C]glyburide PET data and then selecting the covariate model (rifampicin, age, and gender) and refining the structure of the interindividual variability model using both administration periods. Model selection was based on the corrected Bayesian information criterion and implemented in Monolix software. ResultsThe final model included seven compartments, with two compartments each for the Liver and kidneys to account for within-tissue exchanges. Rifampicin decreased the Liver distribution by 261%. Discussion The estimated central volume of distribution (V = 3.6 L) and elimination rate (k = 0.8 h -1 ) were consistent with the known pharmacokinetics of glyburide, which is a promising first step in leveraging microdose data to study the WB4D biodistribution. Registration EudraCT identifier no. 2017-001703-69 Key PointsMicrodosing PET studies represent an opportunity to safely and dynamically follow the kinetics of radiolabeled drugs in the entire human body. Clinical pharmacokinetic parameters can therefore be obtained at an earlier stage, during phase 0 rather than phase I in the traditional process.We used glyburide as a model drug to build a PK model from dynamic PET imaging using compartmental approaches and relate it to the results of standard pharmacological approaches.Our model describes the biodistribution of this drug in five major organs and the influence of an inhibition of a key liver transporter