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Dynamic Triangulation-Based Graph Rewiring for Graph Neural Networks
No full textInternational audienceGraph Neural Networks (GNNs) have emerged as the leading paradigm for learning over graph-structured data. However, their performance is limited by issues inherent to graph topology, most notably oversquashing and oversmoothing. Recent advances in graph rewiring aim to mitigate these limitations by modifying the graph topology to promote more effective information propagation. In this work, we introduce TRIGON, a novel framework that constructs enriched, non-planar triangulations by learning to select relevant triangles from multiple graph views. By jointly optimizing triangle selection and downstream classification performance, our method produces a rewired graph with markedly improved structural properties such as reduced diameter, increased spectral gap, and lower effective resistance compared to existing rewiring methods. Empirical results demonstrate that TRIGON outperforms state-of-the-art approaches on node classification tasks across a range of homophilic and heterophilic benchmarks
Ces violences systémiques qui nous échappent : les identifier, les qualifier, les dénoncer
No full textA systematic scoring system to optimise the testing of neurotherapeutics in models of perinatal brain injury, with an applied case study of human umbilical-cord MSC
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Prevention and management of syphilis in pregnant and perinatal women
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Behavioral changes in exposure patterns after genetic counseling among asymptomatic first-degree relatives of patients with pulmonary fibrosis and carrier of a telomere-related gene variant
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Évaluation écologique momentanée (EMA) de l'activité physique : acceptabilité chez les adultes en bonne santé
No full textInternational audienceBackground: Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) is a methodology for the collection of real time data on behavior and its context. It provides an 'ecological' approach applicable to physical activity (PA). This study explores the acceptability of PA assessment through EMA combined with body-worn accelerometers.Methods: The EMA data were collected over seven days in everyday life in 622 participants who completed the acceptability questionnaire and answered at least one EMA survey from Ireland, Germany, France, Czech Republic (WEALTH project). The EMA protocol consisted of sending short questionnaires to participants' smartphones (HealthReact® application). Questionnaires were triggered (1) at fixed intervals and (2) in response to PA patterns detected by the Fitbit® (sitting, walking, running). The EMA questions focused on current activity (type, intensity), context (location, social context) and mood. A baseline questionnaire collected sociodemographics, and other health determinants. Body weight and height were measured. At the end of protocol, participants completed 10-item smartphone and 8-item accelerometer acceptability questionnaires on a 5-point Likert scale, assessing daily burden, ease of use, interference, and ethical satisfaction. An overall acceptability score for the smartphone and accelerometer was calculated and analyzed with sociodemographic and other factors.Results: A total of 50,246 EMA questionnaires were triggered. The smartphone acceptability scores ranged from 3.8 to 4.6, while the accelerometer acceptability scores ranged from 4.1 to 4.6. A low perceived daily burden for both the smartphone and accelerometer was positively associated with higher compliance with questionnaires and devices (OR: 1.88 and 1.74, respectively). Greater interference in participants' habits due to smartphone use was associated with increasing age (OR: 0.62).Conclusions: Overall, while EMA acceptability appeared satisfactory, compliance may be influenced by low perceived daily burden, underscoring the importance of thoughtful protocol design. Ultimately, this combined EMA with accelerometry method will enhance surveillance methods at the population level
French perspectives on the 2025 ESC/EACTS guidelines for valvular heart disease
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Implementation of Therapeutic Patient Education (TPE) in Primary Care, as Perceived by Professionals: A Narrative Review
No full textInternational audienceTherapeutic patient education (TPE) has proven an effective approach to managing chronic diseases. Despite its proven effectiveness, TPE is mainly found in health care structures and has little presence in primary care. This study aimed to identify the obstacles and facilitators to applying TPE in primary care settings for chronic disease management. A systematic narrative review was conducted using three databases: Medline (Ovid), Scopus, and Embase, following the tool's recommendations Scale for the Quality Assessment of Narrative Review Articles (SANRA). Data were analyzed using the Patient Education Research Characteristics (PERC) grid and the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). The review included 12 articles, revealing that TPE practices in primary care are often underdeveloped, primarily individual, and focused on oral, informative methods. Obstacles identified by healthcare professionals primarily fall into two TDF domains: environmental context (eg, lack of time, resources, and fragmented healthcare systems) and individual skills deficits. Stress and tension were also noted as significant challenges. Conversely, facilitators included social factors, such as shared team values, strong managerial support, and the presence of a TPE referent, as well as community of practice support. The results of this narrative review show that the development of TPE requires both functional resources, such as funding, but also a normative integration based on the sharing of common values and norms in primary care. It is essential to take into account all the factors identified, while mobilizing the environment as a resource and involving primary care professionals in a co-construction process
Enhanced efficacy of breast cancer treatment with etoposide-graphene oxide nanogels: A novel nanomedicine approach
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Breast cancer represents a significant global health challenge, underscoring the need for innovative therapeutic strategies. This study explores the therapeutic potential of etoposide (ETO)-loaded graphene oxide (GO) nanogels to enhance the efficacy of breast cancer treatments. Methods: ETO-GO nanogels were synthesized and characterized using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Cytotoxicity was evaluated through MTT assays on MCF-7 breast cancer cells and normal HUVEC cells. Apoptosis induction was assessed using DAPI staining, flow cytometry, and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) to analyze changes in gene expression. Results: Characterization confirmed the formation of uniform, spherical nanogels with high ETO encapsulation efficiency. EDS and FT-IR analyses validated the successful loading of the drug onto the GO matrix. Cytotoxicity assays revealed a dose-dependent response, with significantly stronger effects observed in MCF-7 cells (20% viability at 100 µg/mL) than HUVEC cells (40% viability at the same concentration), indicating selective cytotoxicity. Apoptosis was verified through DAPI staining, which showed characteristics of nuclear fragmentation, and flow cytometry, identifying 15.35% of the treated cells as apoptotic. qRT-PCR analysis demonstrated an upregulation of pro-apoptotic genes (CASP3, CASP8, CASP9, BAX, PTEN) by as much as 8.3-fold, alongside a marked downregulation of the anti-apoptotic gene Bcl-2, confirming the potent induction of apoptosis by the nanogels. Conclusion: ETO-GO nanogels show promising potential for targeted breast cancer therapy, providing enhanced drug delivery and selective cytotoxicity. These findings warrant further in vivo studies to validate their clinical applicability
Impact of endometriosis on the progression of inflammatory bowel diseases: a multicenter retrospective study
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction: Women with endometriosis have a higher risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). This study aimed to better understanding the impact of endometriosis on the course of IBD. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 18 French and Belgian IBD centers between June 2022 and March 2023. Any patient with both conditions was eligible for inclusion. They were randomly matched to 1 or 2 patients with IBD without endometriosis. The impact on IBD progression was assessed using a composite severity criterion including intestinal damage or need for bowel surgery. Results: Overall, 207 patients with both conditions (149 Crohn's disease (CD); 58 ulcerative colitis (UC)) were matched to 409 patients with IBD alone. The median follow-up duration for IBD was 10 years [5.75-17]. No difference was observed between the two groups regarding CD location, disease phenotype, and anoperineal involvement. Proctitis were more frequent in patients with UC and endometriosis. IBD patients with endometriosis were significantly less exposed to immunosuppressants (UC p<0.01; CD p<0.001) and biologics (UC p<0.01; CD p<0.001). CD patients with endometriosis had a less severe disease course compared to patients without endometriosis (HR=0.68; 95%CI 0.50-0.92; p=0.011). UC patients with endometriosis had not a significant different disease course compared to patients without endometriosis (HR=1.73; 95%CI 0.74-4.00; p=0.20). These results were similar in the subgroup of patients with endometriosis treated surgically. Conclusions: Endometriosis does not negatively influence the course of IBD, patients with CD even have a less severe progression. Patients were significantly less exposed to immunosuppressants and biologics