Society & Sustainability
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Instilling and Fostering a Sense of Community through Inclusive Security and Development
Get PDFCommunity security and development face significant challenges because of many factors like corruption, social divisions, and economic inequality. Such factors impede the building of a cohesive and resilient community through weakening social bonds and mutual trust. This study examines how inclusive security and development can foster a sense of community by enhancing shared interests, peace, and identity. It employs a qualitative research approach depending solely on secondary data. This descriptive research collects data from secondary sources like books, journal articles, newspaper articles, blog writings, and websites. The findings of this study suggest that addressing inclusive security and development together contributes significantly to building stronger community ties, enhanced social cohesion, and a sense of belongingness. It also argues that a safe and cohesive community environment promotes social collaboration and harmony. This paper recommends emphasizing inclusive approaches in the security and development process to ensure equal access to resources and a favorable climate for peaceful coexistence
Female Learners’ Language Anxiety in English Language Classroom at Tertiary Level in Bangladesh
Get PDFSince the mid-20th century, anxiety has been identified as one of the debilitating factors for the success of second language acquisition (SLA) when researchers focus on the role of affective filters, namely motivation and personality factors, in enhancing learners’ cognitive capacities. This study focuses on the speech anxiety of female students in English language classrooms at the tertiary level in Bangladesh. This qualitative research used semi-structured interview techniques to investigate the individual perception of second language learners towards their speaking skills performance in the classroom or social settings. The sample size was 20 female respondents selected from two private universities in Bangladesh through purposive sampling. In order to investigate the learners\u27 anxiety and the related factors behind anxiety systematically, an interview profile has been made where 20 sub-questions are framed under the associated themes of research questions. The findings of this research show not only their views on learners\u27 anxiety but also a wide range of sociocultural and pedagogical factors that demotivate them from speaking in English in the broader social context. It further focuses on the role of the education system of Bangladesh in facilitating the teaching and learning of English speaking at the tertiary level properly. Finally, this study provides insight into the field of SLA showing some pathways to mitigate the speech anxiety of female learners at tertiary levels
Role of Sustainable Tourism in Preserving Cultural Heritage of Afghanistan: A Comprehensive Review
Get PDFThis comprehensive review investigates the role of sustainable tourism in preserving Afghanistan\u27s cultural heritage, given its rich tapestry of traditions, historical sites, and archaeological treasures. The purpose of the study is to assess the potential of sustainable tourism practices to mitigate the challenges faced by Afghanistan\u27s cultural heritage due to decades of conflict and instability while promoting economic development and community engagement. The study employs a systematic analysis of existing literature, case studies, and best practices from around the world to evaluate the effectiveness and applicability of sustainable tourism approaches in the Afghan context. It examines the economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainable tourism and their impact on the preservation of cultural heritage.
The findings reveal that sustainable tourism offers significant economic benefits for Afghanistan, including job creation, income generation, and economic diversification. Additionally, it has the potential to foster social and cultural impacts through cultural exchange, community pride, and the revitalization of traditional crafts and practices. Furthermore, sustainable tourism can address environmental considerations by promoting the sustainable management and protection of natural landscapes, archaeological sites, and cultural monuments. The implications of this study highlight the importance of implementing sustainable tourism practices to preserve Afghanistan\u27s cultural heritage. It provides valuable insights and practical examples from successful initiatives in other countries, offering recommendations for policymakers, tourism practitioners, and cultural heritage management stakeholders
Cross Border Security Challenges for Bangladesh: A Thematic Analysis
Get PDFThis study aims to explore the challenges of cross-border security in Bangladesh. Employing a qualitative methodology, the study gathers insights from diverse stakeholders, including security forces, analysts, human rights activists, NGO workers, and journalists. Based on thematic analysis, the findings revealed a significant disconnect between the Border Guard Bangladesh (BGB) and local communities, exacerbated by bureaucratic challenges and poor coordination among governmental bodies. The vulnerability of hilly border regions to illicit activities, such as insurgency and smuggling, is heightened by inadequate placement and density of Border Outposts (BOPs). Historical and cultural ties influence border dynamics, complicating security efforts. The BGB faces infrastructure and resource challenges, further hampering effective border management. Extreme poverty and lack of education in border communities drive individuals towards smuggling and make them susceptible to human trafficking. Cross-border criminal activities, including drug and arms trafficking, pose significant threats. Additionally, the influx of Rohingya refugees has led to the control of refugee camps by armed groups, creating further security concerns. This research\u27s originality lies in its thematic analysis application to systematically explore and address the multifaceted cross-border security challenges in Bangladesh
The Effect of Teachers’ Commitment on School Violence Reduction in Secondary Schools in Cameroon
Get PDFA learning environment that fosters creativity among students, educators, parents, and other stakeholders to overcome obstacles to better decision-making and teamwork. This paper was set forth to examine the effect of teachers\u27 commitment on school violence reduction in secondary schools in Cameroon. This study employed a quantitative research paradigm using a descriptive survey design to gather data through a structured questionnaire comprising 52 closed-ended items. The target population included secondary school students in Cameroon, with a sample size of 301 students selected via simple random sampling from four regions. Data analysis involved descriptive and inferential statistics, utilizing the Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) estimation technique. The findings revealed that teachers’ commitment exerts a significant negative influence on school violence reduction in sampled secondary schools in Cameroon. Specifically, increased teachers’ commitment significantly reduces physical and psychological violence among students of secondary schools in the country. Based on the findings, it is observed that educational authorities must prioritize comprehensive teacher training programs focused on violence prevention and intervention strategies, supported by adequate resources, clear guidelines, and a supportive work environment that enhances teacher commitment and effectiveness in addressing school violence
The Implications of Farm Production and Farmers\u27 Characteristics on Poverty Reduction in Benue Division, Cameroon: A Multiple Correspondence Analysis Approach
Get PDFThe main objective of this study was to determine the effect of farm production and Farmers\u27 Characteristics on Poverty Reduction in the Benue division in the Northern region of Cameroon. Data were collected from 399 respondents using a self-administered questionnaire through a stratified sampling technique of 12 sub-divisions in the Benue division. We adopted a survey research design. To estimate our results, we used Multiple correspondent analysis (MCA) and the OLS technique. The results reveal that there is a positive relationship between farm production and poverty reduction in Benue state. An increase in farm production will lead to a 2.19% reduction in farmers\u27 poverty in Benue and this result is significant at a 5% level of significance. Similarly, the farmer\u27s characteristics reveal that gender, farmers\u27 experience, and educational level also significantly affect poverty reduction. In this light, there is a need for the government to train and deploy more extension workers in the various sub-divisions and communities in Benue division, to increase farmers\u27 access to these services. This can be done by imparting specific skills to produce dominant food crops and livestock in the Benue division through workshops and seminars
Significance of Social Capital as a Resource for Women\u27s Empowerment: An Analysis from Bangladesh Perspective
Get PDFSocial capital has been recognized as a route through which empowerment may ensue in a developing nation like Bangladesh. This research investigated the relationship between social capital formation and women\u27s empowerment in Bangladesh. A narrative review was performed to derive conclusions from secondary data for this qualitative study, employing a descriptive research design. Two themes emerged from the findings: the role of social capital in capacity building and the significance of network building as a means of establishing social capital. Firstly, women\u27s participation in social networks increases their likelihood of making strategic decisions regarding themselves and the community. Secondly, women\u27s engagement in self-help projects and credit groups, which are based on women groups, helped them to build their capability in those sectors along with the rise in education and entrepreneurship. However, challenges coming from deeply rooted traditions, conservative religious practices, and family and social values contradict the benefits of social capital women may derive from them. Thus, social capital must be considered for the policies concerning future community development and women\u27s empowerment. This study also provides guidelines for further study with broader scope and systematic studies in the future
Exploring Journalists’ Intentions Towards Digital Mobile Technologies: Extending the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the Context of Ghana
Get PDFIn recent years, the use of digital mobile technologies for journalistic practice has gained much popularity among Ghanaian journalists. In this study, we explored three original Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) variables (perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and social influence) and two additional variables, (the cost of smartphones, and the cost of mobile data) to predict the relationship between the five variables, and journalists’ intention to use Digital Mobile Technologies (DMTs). A structured questionnaire was used to solicit data from 281 Ghanaian frontline journalists through an online survey. The respondents were selected by purposive sampling. Structural Equation Modelling analysis of the data showed that, as the cost of smartphones, and the cost of mobile data increases, journalists’ intention to use technology decreases in Ghana. Thus, mobile data and the cost of smartphones had a negative relationship with journalists’ intention to use DMTs. The testing of perceived ease of use, perceived usefulness, and social influence, however, reported a positive relationship with the use intention. The findings from this study have implications for policy change on the reduction of the prices of both mobile data and smartphones to enhance the use of DMTs among journalists in Ghana. Also, the findings from this study could be considered a template for the proper regulation of the use of DMTs for enhanced practice of journalism in Ghana and other developing countries
Organizational justice and quality of work life in hotels: The mediating effect of trust climate
No full textThe study aimed to investigate the impact of hotels\u27 organizational justice (OJ) on the quality of employees\u27 work life (QWL), with the mediation effect of teams\u27 climate of trust (CT). Social Exchange Theory was employed to support the research framework. Data were collected using 281 questionnaires from the operational employees of 3-star hotels in Bangladesh and assessed by SPSS version 21 and SmartPLS 3.0 software. Data were validated by a measurement model and hypotheses were tested by a structural model using the PLS-SEM approach. The study discovered significant effects of hotels’ organizational justice (β=0.271) and team’s climate of trust (β=0.362) on employees’ quality of work life (R2=27.7%). It also reveals the effect of the hotel\u27s OJ (β=0.369) on teams’ CT (R2=13.6%), and a partial mediation effect of team\u27s CT (β=0.134) in the relationship between the hotel\u27s OJ and employees\u27 QWL. Results indicate that hotels\u27 organizational justice practices enrich employees\u27 quality of work life and nurture mutual trust among the team members, while a team\u27s climate of trust can convert hotels\u27 organizational justice into employees\u27 quality of work life. These findings would inspire the hotel authorities in practicing organizational justice to develop a trusting climate in the working teams, and designing QWL programs for attaining employee satisfaction. The study was limited to the Bangladesh hotel industry which restricts the generalizability of its results
Addressing Instability in Afghani (Afghan Currency): Exploring the Strategies for Achieving Stability
Get PDFThe study aims to explore the monetary policy of the Afghanistan Bank, the instability of the Afghan currency, and the causes and strategies for achieving stability for the Afghan currency. A qualitative approach was used to gain an in-depth knowledge of the issues. By using a semi-structured interview, the professional participants were selected through the snowball sampling technique. All interviews were audio-taped, transcribed, and analyzed through a thematic analysis framework. The study addressed instability in the Afghani currency and its causes including trade imbalance in favor of imports, smuggling of the foreign reserve, lack of foreign aid, lack of control of the natural resources, lack of foreign investment, inefficiency in monetary and fiscal policy, fluctuation in the international market, the influence of mafia groups in the currency exchange market and their fraudulent propaganda. This study also observes the need for developing strategies, and policies for achieving currency stability, like increasing the balance of exports as compared to imports, preventing the smuggling of foreign reserves, efforts to obtain foreign aid, ensuring political stability, ensuring a congenial environment for internal and external investors, efficient and effective control on monetary and fiscal policy, and preventing mafia groups and their fraudulent propaganda in the currency exchange Markets. The study findings have significant implications for the policymakers to ensure the stability of the Afghan Currency.