Conference Technology Transfer: fundamental and innovative technical solutions
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Methods of forming an expert assessment of the criteria of an information system for managing projects and programs
Get PDFThe article presents a method for determining and ranking significance of the criteria of an information system for managing projects and programs (hereinafter, PMIS) based on the concept of subjective probability with the help of expert assessments. The method of expert assessments is implemented by processing the opinions of experienced specialists on the possible values of losses and (or) the probability of their occurrence. It is also used in non-formalizable problem situations, when the lack of a sufficient array of information or its unreliability does not allow the use of purely formal mathematical methods. When analyzing the PMIS choice, expert assessments can be used, firstly, to form a subjective assessment of one or another PMIS with the subsequent use of this information in order to quantify it using statistical methods. Secondly, for a qualitative assessment of the PMIS choice in terms of determining their rank significance, priority in an ordered list of PMIS criteria.
As the main stages of the proposed methodology, the following are proposed:
1) development of a list of assessed PMIS criteria and formation of a list of experts;
2) conducting a survey of experts in order to obtain a set of individual expert assessments according to the PMIS criteria;
3) calculation of the average assessment criteria of the PMIS;
4) checking the consistency of expert opinions on the rank significance of the assessed PMIS criteria based on the Kendall coefficient of concordance;
5) summing up the results of expert assessment of the PMIS criteria.
The practical aspects of the expert assessment are considered: calculation tables, the method of filling them, processing and analyzing the results. The method of expert assessment of the PMIS criteria was further developed, thanks to which a set of effective and functional criteria was determined, which will be taken into account when developing technical requirements for this syste
The role of innovative methods in combating emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere in shipping
Get PDFThe world merchant fleet covers about 90 % of all world trade. Over the past decades, there has been a growth trend and currently stands at 93,262 units, or 1.9 billion tons of deadweight. As the number of fleets grows, so does fuel consumption, which in turn increases emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Currently, annual carbon dioxide emissions are about 800 million tons. According to experts, this figure may double by 2060. International organizations are taking steps to reduce emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. After analyzing the main methods of controlling emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere from ships and the realities of the modern maritime transport market, it should be noted that more attention should be paid to the problem of inefficient use of energy resources, as well as the development and implementation of innovative technologies in shipping. The irrational use of energy resources is often due to inefficient feedback between the participants in the maritime transport. Creation and development of a program based on a conceptual scheme should reduce the irrational costs of energy resources, which in turn will lead to a decrease in emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere in the industry of maritime transportation. The introduction of innovative technologies, and in particular, autonomous ships, needs more attention. Having considered such a project as YARA Birkeland, it should be noted that the development and development of ships with zero emissions should play a key role in solving the problem of emissions of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Even in the early stages of developing autonomous ships, it is becoming clear that autonomous ships in synergy with existing concepts such as Slow Steaming can lead to revolutionary changes in environmental issue
Sustainability of tongue-and-groove walls with buttresses
Get PDFThe development of ports requires the construction of more and more deep-sea berthing facilities or the reconstruction of existing ones for servicing modern large-capacity ships. Traditional design solutions for deep-water berths are labor-intensive and material-intensive.
The article describes the design of a deep-water berth in the form of tongue-and-groove wall with buttresses. Buttresses can be rectangular, trapezoidal with the extension downwards and trapezoidal with the extension upwards. The use of buttresses in the construction reduces the lateral pressure of the soil, increases the rigidity of the structure, and also increases the stability of the structure as a whole. The rational distribution of materials along the length of the structure and the unification of the elements leads to cheaper construction and a fast pace of construction. This solution can be used both in the construction of new berthing facilities and in the reconstruction of existing ones.
The development of the calculated justification of the stability of the tongue-and-groove wall with buttresses, which optimally reflects the specificity of the structure, is carried out. Buttresses are an additional factor affecting the stability of the tongue-and-groove wall. Then, the stability of the structure as a whole depends on the resistance forces of the soil, arising in the plane of contact with the front wall and the resistance forces of the soil within the width of the buttress and involved, due to friction forces, in the joint work of the adjacent soil volumes.
In order to determine the holding forces of the buttresses, experimental laboratory studies were conducted. Analysis of the results of the experiments shows that the trapezoidal buttresses with extension downwards have the greatest holding power. As a result of the mathematical modeling, the displacements of the wall and bending moments are plotted depending on the height of the buttresses.
Thus, the design of the mooring structure of the innovative type can be used to create an economically deep-water berth with increased bearing capacity, which will be able to perceive modern ships with a large deadweigh
Electrochemical formation of oxide films on Ti6Al4V alloy
Get PDFThe results of the study of the process of electrochemical oxidation of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy in solutions of tartaric, citric and oxalic acids are presented. It is shown that the nature of the forming dependencies of the alloy depends on the magnitude of the current density. When ja<0,5 A∙dm–2, a continuous oxide film does not form on the alloy surface and the specified voltage value is not reached. At ja>0,5 A∙dm–2, a continuous oxide film forms on the surface of the alloy and linear dependences are observed. Films produced under these conditions are interference colored. The maximum thickness of the film is determined by the specified value of the forming voltage U and does not depend on other parameters of electrolysis. For a number of identical values of U, the dependence of the limiting film thickness has a linear form. The color of the oxide film is determined by the voltage value and does not depend on the current density and electrolyte concentration. It is established that the color of the film corresponds to the magnitude of the forming voltage in the range of 10–100 V. The effect is due to the fact that film formation during anodic polarization occurs under the presence of a potential gradient, the magnitude of which is constant for titanium. An increase in a given value of U leads to a proportional increase in the limiting thickness of the oxide, which determines the color of its color. The research results to determine the effect of electrolysis parameters on the characteristics of oxide films make it possible to substantiate the regime for producing TiO2 films on the surface of the Ti6Al4V alloy. The obtained data are the basis for the development of technology for the electrochemical oxidation of titanium alloys to give their surface functional propertie
Development of complex antioxidant for athletes
Get PDFSport of higher achievements requires hard training from athletes in a hard time mode for many years. Therefore, it is very important to monitor the diet of athletes. The aim of this research is development of a complex herbal antioxidant that can be used to increase the quality of the oils, fats and fat-containing products included in the diet. The current state of the use of antioxidants is assessed. The features of plant and synthetic antioxidants are described. The development of antioxidant is carried out from such plant materials as walnut leaves and calendula flowers. The chemical composition of the active antioxidant substances of walnut leaves and calendula flowers is given. The methods used in the work are aimed at obtaining extracts, estimating rational extraction parameters, and testing the antioxidant abilities of the extracts from periods of induction of products with different fatty acid composition. It is also used to plan and process the results of a full factorial experiment, to develop a technology for stabilizing fat-containing products to oxidation processes. It is proved that the developed complex antioxidant can increase the stability of food products to oxidation processes, protecting the product from the accumulation of free radicals. The rational parameters of the process of extraction of antioxidant substances from the studied plant materials are indicated. Data from induction periods, by which the quality of the extracts was assessed, is obtained using the Oxy test device. Synergism between tocopherols and antioxidant substances of walnut leaf extracts and calendula flowers is studied. The effectiveness of the antioxidant in relation to the products of different fatty acid composition is shown, which gives the right to use the antioxidant in a wide range of fat-containing products. A scheme for the stabilization of vegetable oils by the developed antioxidant is proposed. Recommendations on the enrichment of the diet of athletes by developed antioxidant are give
Development of the mathematical model of the kinetics of the stationary process of bio-cleaning with substratic inhibition
Get PDFA scientifically sound method for calculating the parameters of bio-cleaning should contain as a basic a reliable mathematical description of the stationary process. The results of stationary laboratory experiments are presented in the coordinates “specific rate of destruction V – concentration ρ”. Statistical processing proves the presence of substrate inhibition for both gaseous and soluble and dissolved harmful substances in water. For an analytical description of the dependence of the biooxidation rate on the concentration of contaminants, a phenomenological approach is applied, taking into account in a simple form two obvious phenomena: the contact of a microorganism with a substrate molecule and the inhibitory effect of the medium on it. The numerical values of empirical dependency coefficients for the studied processes are calculated.
A differential equation is proposed at the macro level that describes the kinetics of biochemical destruction. The concept of a macrokinetic mathematical model of bioremediation is defined as a system of two functions that quantitatively reflect the dependence of the specific oxidation rate of pollution on its concentration and concentration on time, as well as satisfying the relationship between the relationships of the same parameters in differential form. The dependence of concentration on time is defined both in the form of a numerical integration algorithm and in the form of an approximate formula. The adequacy and universality of the proposed model for the studied processes is proved. The advantage of the proposed model of substrate inhibition kinetics is the simplicity of the structure of the basic formula and the ease of determining empirical coefficients based on this. In addition to numerical integration for determining the time of destruction, an approximate analytical solution is found, which can be adequately used in the concentration range of the experimental study. Further research is aimed at developing methods for calculating non-stationary processes in biochemical purification plants of certain specific type
Formation of a team of project executors in the area of creation aviation techniques
Get PDFIn the article there is analyzed the present condition of the problem of high-tech project management to develop the new objects by the aviation profile enterprises. The analyses showed that for improvement of the efficiency of portfolio management it should be developed special methodic tools of decision support system by HR and Project managers about executors’ composition forming of high-tech projects taking into account number of indicators of different character and first of all employee competence.
Based on the analyzed results the integrated process model was developed which described the main stages of team formation of high-tech projects executors. There is formation of expert committee of employees of aviation profile enterprises for the choice of rational variant of team composition from the several alternatives; estimation of the candidates’ competencies level for the including to the high-tech project team, the communication level assessment of the future team participants, selection by the collective expert estimation, united variant of executive team of high-tech project. This model provides increasing of the level of objectivity of finally decision about composition of team executors of high-tech project unlike other famous models. Practical value of proposed model is in decreasing of the risks of incorrect decision making by HRs and project managers during the process of formation of team executors of high-tech project.
Based on developed methodical tools, in the article there is described process of formation of team executors of high-tech project on the typical aviation profile enterprises PF “Space”. This company is specialized on development of airdrome techniques in particular self-propelled passenger ladder. Also in this article there are described methods and computation effect from integration of theoretical results into the practice of management by the high-tech projects on the aviation profile enterprises.
Practice value of received results is in creation of science methodic basis in aggregate models view and methods of decision making support of HR and project managers for the formation of team executors’ composition of high-tech projects. These results can be used in portfolio management not only on the aviation profile enterprises but in any other innovation companie
Methodical approach to foresight-research at definition of trends in Green IT development
Get PDFThe problem of determining the Green IT development strategy using decision support tools is described in the article. Technology Green IT is a typical result of the advanced technologies convergence, especially information and knowledge. The expediency of the foresight technology applying for the Green IT development perspective directions evaluating is shown. It is indicated that the most critical, in this case, is the stage of forming the initial list of directions. The technology of retrospective analysis of the Green IT development based on the parametric synthesis of the predictive model of exponential smoothing under the conditions of data uncertainty is presented. For the implementation of the parametric analysis of Brown’s predictive model, or exponential smoothing, is used the exponential average value of the stationary time series to evaluate its value at the next time point. The applying of the developed technology provides experts with additional volumes of information about the perspectives for the Green IT development. An example of a retrospective analysis of the Green IT development directions is given. The initial data for the retrospective analysis used the number of scientific publications for the period from 2010 to 2015 in Ukraine, which characterizes the Green IT direction development. The following directions were assessed: green software engineering, software ecosystem, energy-saving green software and green telecommunications. As a result, the most promising direction is green software engineering. The results of the analysis are one of the sources of information for assessing the perspectives for the Green IT development directions by expert
Boolean functions minimization by the method of figurative transformations
Get PDFThe object of research is the method of figurative transformations for Boolean functions minimization. One of the most problematic places to minimize Boolean functions is the complexity of the minimization algorithm and the guarantee of obtaining a minimal function.
During the study, the method of equivalent figurative transformations was used, which is based on the laws and axioms of the algebra of logic; minimization protocols for Boolean functions that are used when the truth table of a given function has a complete binary combinatorial system with repetition or an incomplete binary combinatorial system with repetition.
A reduction in the complexity of the minimization process for Boolean functions is obtained, new criteria for finding minimal functions are established. This is due to the fact that the proposed method of Boolean functions minimization has a number of peculiarities of solving the problem of finding minimal logical functions, in particular:
– mathematical apparatus of the block diagram with repetition makes it possible to obtain more information about the orthogonality, adjacency, uniqueness of the truth table blocks;
– equivalent figurative transformations due to the greater information capacity are capable of replacing verbal procedures of algebraic transformations;
– result of minimization is estimated based on the sign of the minimum function;
– minimum DNF or CNF functions are obtained regardless of the given normal form of the logical function, which means that it is necessary to minimize the given function for two normal forms — DNF and CNF using the full truth table;
This ensures that it is possible to obtain an optimal reduction in the number of variables of a given function without losing its functionality. The effectiveness of the use of equivalent figurative transformations for Boolean functions minimization is demonstrated by examples of minimization of functions borrowed from other methods for the purpose of comparison.
Compared with similar well-known methods of Boolean functions minimization, this provides:
– less complexity of the minimization procedure for Boolean functions;
– guaranteed Boolean functions minimization;
– self-sufficiency of the specified method of Boolean functions minimization due to the introduction of features of the minimal function and minimization of two normal forms – DNF and CNF on the complete truth table of a given Boolean functio
Electromagnetic technology of increasing the yield of sunflower
Get PDFThe article solves the problem of obtaining scientifically based practical and experimental results of increasing the yield and oil content of sunflower seeds, based on the use of information EMF of EHF range for pre-sowing treatment of seeds.
The study of the biophysical effects of the electromagnetic field on sunflower seeds was carried out in order to determine the biotropic parameters of the electromagnetic field, which have a stimulating effect on the seeds. For this, a mathematical model of a sunflower seed in the form of a spheroid was developed.
For the calculations, the following frequency range of the exciting wave 25–40 GHz was chosen. The choice of this range is due to two circumstances. First, the relative dielectric constant of sunflower seeds in this range practically does not have frequency dispersion. Secondly, the wavelength is commensurate with the characteristic geometrical sizes of the seeds and, therefore, the intensity of the excited electric field inside the seeds resonantly depends on the frequency.
The measurement of chemiluminescence was chosen as the response of the biological object. For registration of extremely weak light fluxes of seeds, the photon counting method was chosen, which made it possible to carry out effective measurements of both spontaneous biochemiluminescence and induced information EMF. As a result of theoretical and experimental studies, a system was developed for measuring the chemiluminescence of seeds.
The purpose of the experiment was clarification of the optimal biotropic parameters of the information EMF, which would provide an increase in yield and quality of sunflower seeds when they are irradiated with EMF. The result of field tests showed the advantage of using electromagnetic technology over other methods of pre-sowing treatment of seed