Borneo Journal of Pharmacy
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Ethnobotanical Study and Phytochemical Screening of Medicinal Plants Used by Local People in Belangian Village, South Kalimantan
No full textThe local people of Belangian Village are people of the Banjar ethnic group who utilize plants in the surrounding environment for medicinal purposes. This study aims to determine the number of plants, parts of plants that can be used, methods of application, methods of preparation, and phytochemical screening of plants with medicinal properties in Belangian Village. This study employed the descriptive-explorative method. The technique used for data collection was an interview with a semi-structured questionnaire. Respondents of this study were “Pananamba” who were selected by using the Purposive sampling technique. Phytochemical screening was carried out on plants with no previously known scientific names and which had never been tested before. The results showed 17 families and 31 species of plants with medicinal properties. Empirically, the plants were used as medicines for cough, bloody urine, diabetes, cancer, sprue, ulcer, hypertension, skin diseases, nausea, diarrhea, coronary heart disease, sinusitis, kidney stones, cleansing kidneys, menstrual pain, itchy eyes, paralysis, bone pain, increasing stamina, antibiotic, reducing body odor, wounds, bleeding, worm diseases, increasing appetite, boosting the immune system, and yellow fever. The most frequently used part of the plants were the leaves (45%), the most widely used method of preparation was boiling (52%), the most commonly used method of application was by drinking (81%). Phytochemical screening was conducted on three plants: Asam daun, Lukun, and Ulur-ulur. The results of phytochemical screening revealed the presence of quinones, saponins, and terpenoids in Asam daun, saponins in Lukun, and terpenoids in Ulur-ulur
Cytotoxic Effect of the Paku Atai Merah (Angiopteris ferox Copel) Fraction on MCF-7 and HeLa Cells and its Compound Profile by GC-MS
No full textCancer is a condition of abnormal cell proliferation of tissue cells in the body that becomes malignant. It can attack other parts of the body and affect the normal function of the body organs. The sample used in this study was tubers of paku atai merah (Angiopteris ferox Copel), then extracted using 96% ethanol eluent to obtain a thick extract. The ethanolic extract of A. ferox was fractionated using column chromatography to get the active fraction to characterize the compound using thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and tested its cytotoxic effectiveness on MCF-7 and HeLa cancer cells. The results of this study were obtained from fractionation using the column chromatography method to get sub-fraction C and the results of compound characterization using GC-MS and obtained variations in the class of compounds contained in the sample: amino acids, glucosinolates, alkaloids, flavonoids, and terpenoids. Based on the cytotoxic effect test of sub-fraction C on MCF-7 cells, the results obtained moderate cytotoxic effects with an IC50 value of 61.027 µg/mL, and HeLa cells had an IC50 value of 521.03 µg/mL, which was categorized as having a weak cytotoxic effect. Based on the results obtained from this study, it can be concluded that sub-fraction C of A. ferox tubers has a cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells to be used as a reference for tracing pure compounds from A. ferox tuber
Cancer Statistics and Anticancer Potential of Peganum harmala Alkaloids: A Review
No full textCancer is one of the most common diseases in the world. Although it develops in various organs and tissues, some species maintain a stable position in the ranking. Although the cancer causes are different, the specific grounds for each type are also noted. Sometimes the increase in incidents and mortality is associated with geographical reasons. Increases in statistics, expensive and chemotherapeutic methods focus on plant-based substances. One of such potential plants is Peganum harmala, which contains alkaloids such as harmine, harmaline, harmol, and harmalol. The effects of these compounds on many cancer cells have been tested, and positive results have been obtained. This fact reinforces the claim that more in-depth research on noted alkaloids is needed
Cover, Content, and Editorial Note from Borneo J Pharm Vol. 5 No. 3 August 2022
No full textAssalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb.
Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamin. The next edition of the Borneo Journal of Pharmacy (Borneo J Pharm), has been published at August 2022. This edition contains ten articles: Pharmacognosy-Phytochemistry, Pharmaceutical, Microbiology Pharmacy, Natural Product Development, Clinical-Community Pharmacy, and Management Pharmacy. This edition includes writings from four countries: Costa Rica, India, Indonesia, Netherlands, and Nigeria. The authors come from several institutions, including Universitas Ahmad Dahlan, K24 Indonesia, Institut Sains dan Teknologi Nasional, Universidad de Costa Rica, Kebbi State University of Science and Technology, Aliero, Federal University, Birnin Kebbi, Sekolah Tinggi Teknologi Industri dan Farmasi Bogor, IPB University, National Research and Innovation Agency Republic of Indonesia, Poltekkes Kemenkes Bandung, Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Riau, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Universitas Airlangga, Universitas Hang Tuah, Universitas Katolik Widya Mandira, University of Groningen, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Universitas Hasanuddin, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Poltekkes Kemenkes Maluku, and Universitas Islam Sultan Agung.
Editorial boards are fully aware that there are still room for improvement in this edition, hence with all humility willing to accept constructive suggestions and feedback for improvements to the publication for the next editions. The editorial board would like to thank all editors and reviewers, and contributors of the scientific articles who have provided the repetoire in this issue. We hope that all parties, especially the contributors, could re-participate for the publication in the next edition on November 2022.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
Trends of Influenza’s Symptoms Drug Search Terms in Indonesian-Language using Google Trends in the Covid-19 Pandemic
No full textCovid-19 has spread globally and causes severe acute respiratory syndrome. The symptoms of covid-19 have similarities with influenza, such as cough, fever, runny nose, and sore throat. Therefore, the internet sources tend to have an increasing search related to influenza symptoms drugs. This study aims to assess the search trend of influenza symptoms drugs using google trend analysis in Indonesia. We explore google trend analysis using search terms in the Indonesian language related to influenza symptoms drugs from December 6th, 2020 to November 30th, 2021. The positive confirmed cases were obtained from the Indonesian government website https://covid19.go.id/. Our results demonstrated the increasing search terms related to influenza drug symptoms during July and August. The highest term search was “obat batuk”. The positive covid-19 confirmed cases in Indonesia increased during July and August. During the peak of the covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia in July-August 2021, there was an increase in google trends searching related to influenza’s drug symptoms
Determination of the Active Chemical Compounds and the Antibacterial Activity of Various Fractions of Lawsonia inermis L.
No full textLawsonia inermis L., or henna leaves, are usually used to treat wounds on the skin. Lawsonia inermis contain naphthoquinones, flavonoids, tannins, and saponins. The antibacterial activity of L. inermis leaf extract in various solvents has been extensively studied. However, which component is responsible for the antibacterial activity is still unknown. This study was intended to investigate the antibacterial effect of L. inermis fractions against Staphylococcus aureus and to discover the antibacterial chemical class in the most active fraction. The methanol extract was fractionated with n-hexane and ethyl acetate subsequently. The antibacterial activity of various fractions was tested using the well diffusion method. TLC-bioautography was used to identify the class of active chemicals as antibacterial agents. Antibacterial activity against S. aureus was highest in the ethyl acetate fraction. TLC-bioautography of the ethyl acetate fraction showed inhibition areas at Rf values of 0.25 and 0.53, respectively, indicating the naphthoquinones and phenolic compounds groups. In conclusion, naphthoquinones and phenolic compounds are suggested to contribute to the antibacterial effect of the ethyl acetate fraction of L. inermis leaves
Metabolite Profiling of the Environmental-Controlled Growth of Marsilea crenata Presl. and Its In Vitro and In Silico Antineuroinflammatory Properties
No full textThis study was aimed to evaluate the metabolite contents and antineuroinflammatory potential of Marsilea crenata Presl. grown under a controlled environmental condition. The antineuroinflammatory test has been carried out in vitro using ethanolic extract of M. crenata leaves on HMC3 microglia cells. An in silico approach was applied to predict the active compounds of the extract. The HMC3 microglia cells were induced with IFNγ to create prolonged inflammatory conditions and then treated with 96% ethanolic extract of the M. crenata leaves of 62.5, 125, and 250 μg/mL. The expression of MHC II was analyzed using the ICC method with the CLSM instrument. Metabolites of the extract were profiled using UPLC-QToF-MS/MS instrument and MassLynx 4.1 software. In silico evaluation was conducted with molecular docking on 3OLS protein using PyRx 0.8 software, and physicochemical properties of the compounds were analyzed using SwissADME webtool. The ethanolic extract of M. crenata leaves could reduce the MHC II expression in HMC3 microglia cells in all concentrations with the values 97.458, 139.574, and 82.128 AU. The result of metabolite profiling found 79 compounds in the extract. In silico evaluation showed that 19 compounds gave agonist interaction toward 3OLS, and three met all parameters of physicochemical analysis. The ethanolic extract of the environmental-controlled growth of M. crenata leaves antineuroinflammatory activity on HMC3 microglia cells. The extract was predicted to contain some phytoestrogen compounds which act as 3OLS agonists
Bibliometric Analysis of the Utilisation of FINDRISC in Patients with Diabetes: 2005-2021
No full textResearch on risk factors for diabetes (DM) is growing. Identification of these risk factors aims to prevent DM as early as possible. This study intends to identify the utilization of the Finnish diabetes risk score (FINDRISC) and its development using bibliometric analysis. The keywords “FINDRISC AND Diabetes” were used to search for articles published in 2005-2021 in PubMed. A total of 249 articles were analyzed based on the number of publications per year, journals that publish the papers, number of publications by author and year of publication, number of publications by affiliation and year of publication, number of publications by country of origin of authors and year of publication, number of keywords, number of citations, types of articles, specific topics, and theme mapping. The data visualization was obtained from the Scopus database and the VOSviewer and Biblioshiny applications. Despite the increase in publications, the number of publications on FINDRISC in DM patients is still very few per year, with 92.8% being the primary study. Based on clusters of the country of origin, publications are still dominated by researchers from countries in the European region, and the researchers intensely relate to each other through citations. Research themes related to FINDRISC are not limited to DM risk factors. This study is the first study of a bibliometric analysis of the utilization of FINRISC in DM patients. The analysis results can be used to evaluate existing research gaps and identify future research opportunities
Antibiotics Susceptibility Profile of Gram-Positive Bacteria from Primary Health Centers in Jega, Kebbi State
No full textNosocomial or healthcare-associated infection (HCAI) is an infection acquired during receiving health care that was not present during admission. The research aimed to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of gram-positive bacteria isolated from Primary Health Centers in Jega Town. A total of fifty (50) swab samples were collected from 10 different health centers and analyzed using the streak plate technique. Pure bacterial isolates were maintained and characterized using biochemical tests; their percentage of occurrence show; Staphylococcus aureus 18 (43.9%), Enterococcus feacalis 8 (19.5%), Streptococcus spp 8 (19.5%), Bacillus cereus 4 (9.8%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis 3 (7.3%). McFarland standard solution was prepared and used to control inoculants, after which the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the isolates was determined using the disc diffusion method. Staphylococcus epidermidis was resistant to Gentamycin, and other isolates were multi-drug resistant. In light of this research, there is a need for thorough disinfection and conscientious contact control procedures to minimize the spread of these pathogens in health centers where interaction between patients, HCWs, and caregivers is widespread and frequent
Formulation of Anti Acne Loose Powder of Bawang Dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb.) Ethanol Extract
No full textBawang dayak (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb is one of the notable Iridaceae family, originating from Central Kalimantan, Indonesia. Previous studies have reported that E. bulbosa ethanol extract and its cream preparation have antibacterial properties that can inhibit the growth of acne-causing bacteria and cause no significant skin adverse reaction. This study aimed to make a loose powder preparation from E. bulbosa ethanol extract and determine its physical evaluation and antibacterial activity. Loose powder formulation was made with various concentrations of E. bulbosa ethanol extract, F0 (0%), F1 (5%), F2 (10%), and F3 (15%). Loose powder evaluates for organoleptic, homogeneity, and antibacterial activity by the disc diffusion method. The results show that E. bulbosa ethanol extract can produce a loose powder formulation. The color of the formula is rather yellow (F0), brown-ash (F1), and light brown (F2 and F3), which has a typical mint odor, smooth texture, and homogeneous. All formulations inhibited the growth of Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Staphylococcus aureus. This present study showed the potential of Formula 3 (F3) as an anti-acne loose powder due to its organoleptic properties, homogeneity, and antibacterial activity, which has the largest inhibition zone diameter of 17.6 ± 3.1 mm