Oskar Bordeaux
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RESEARCH AGENDA FOR MIGRATION AND INNOVATION
No full textElgar Research Agendas outline the future of research in a given area. Leading scholars are given the space to explore their subject in provocative ways, and map out the potential directions of travel. They are relevant but also visionary. Forward-looking and innovative, Elgar Research Agendas are an essential resource for PhD students, scholars and anybody who wants to be at the forefront of research. This Research Agenda presents an incisive overview of economic research on the multiple links between international migration and innovation. It both examines the key conceptual issues, explores data and methodological challenges and draws on the most recent empirical evidence to provide novel insights into the migration-innovation nexus and its significance for policy and practice. Expert scholars analyze the role of migrants in driving innovation, particularly through knowledge diffusion and diversity across workplaces, cities and regions. They engage with these central themes across varied historical and socio-economic contexts, evaluating the contributions of key actors such as migrant inventors and scientists, international students, and ethnic entrepreneurs within both their host and home countries. In so doing, this Research Agenda ultimately advocates for greater integration of migration policies into broader innovation strategies and for a more careful evaluation of global talent flows and their economic effects. Interdisciplinary in scope, this timely Research Agenda will benefit students and academics in migration studies, economic geography, economics of innovation, human geography and innovation policy. It is also an invaluable resource for policy makers, practitioners and government officers working in areas related to migration or innovatio
Generation of metabolomic-informed models of metabolism for microbial communities
No full textLa génération de réseaux métaboliques à l'échelle du génome est devenue une analyse de routine pour des organismes individuels ou des communautés. Cependant, ces réseaux métaboliques générés automatiquement sont incomplets car ils sont construits sur la base de la combinaison de l'annotation des gènes et des réactions disponibles dans des bases de données génériques (Metacyc, BIGG, ModelSEED...). Ces bases de données sont orientées vers des organismes bien connus ou des organismes modèles et passent à côté de fonctions importantes du métabolisme secondaire. Nous proposons de combiner l'analyse de données métabolomiques, la modélisation métabolique et l'annotation métabolique et la modélisation métabolique et l'annotation minière pour construire des modèles de haute qualité du métabolisme microbien avec l'objectif à long terme d'une meilleure compréhension des communautés microbiennes. En termes d'application des méthodes aux communautés microbiennes végétales, nous espérons que les modèles nouvellement développés permettront de mieux comprendre le processus de recrutement microbien par la plante : fonctions métaboliques impliquées, micro-organismes associés à ces fonctions.The generation of genome-wide metabolic networks has become a routine analysis for individual organisms or communities communities. However, these automatically generated metabolic networks are incomplete because they are constructed by based on the combination of gene annotation and reactions available in generic available in generic databases (Metacyc, BIGG, ModelSEED...). These are oriented towards well-known organisms or organisms or model organisms and miss out on important functions secondary metabolism. We propose to combine metabolomic data analysis, metabolic modelling and annotation metabolic modelling and annotation mining to build high-quality models of high quality models of microbial metabolism with the long-term aim of better understanding of microbial communities. In terms of application of the methods to plant microbial communities, we hope that the plant microbial communities, we hope that the newly developed models will provide a better understanding of the process of microbial recruitment by the plant: metabolic functions involved, micro-organisms associated with these functions.Computationel models of crop plant microbial biodiversit
Speed Limitation for Remote Control of Automated Vehicles*
No full textThe remote control of automated vehicles is highly affected by communication time delays, that can compromise stability, control accuracy, and passenger comfort. This paper introduces a dynamic speed limitation function designed to mitigate the negative effects of communication time delays by dynamically adjusting the vehicle’s speed while maintaining a minimum stability margin. The proposed approach is validated through simulations, demonstrating substantial improvements in lateral control performance and ride comfort in teleoperated driving scenarios
Crone Sky Hook 1G Suspension
No full textIn the active vehicle suspensions domain, this paper proposes a controller whose integrating behavior exhibits different orders at low, medium and high frequencies. This proposal meets two objectives. From a control theory point of view, the first objective is the robustness of the stability degree of the control loop with respect to the parametric uncertainties of the sprung mass. From a vibration comfort point of view, the second objective is the minimization of the vertical acceleration of the sprung mass. Due to the existing link with the first-generation CRONE control, this new architecture is called Crone Sky Hook 1G suspension. The results obtained in simulation clearly illustrate the interest of this approach in the frequency and time domains
Opioid-based or opioid-free anesthesia for lung transplantation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a retrospective study
No full textIntroduction : l'anesthésie sans opioïdes est une technique anesthésique utilisée pour ses capacités d’épargne en morphine. Cette technique n'a jamais été étudiée dans le cadre de la transplantation pulmonaire. L'objectif principal de cette étude est de démontrer que, comparée à l'anesthésie à base d'opioïdes (OBA), l'anesthésie sans opioïdes (OFA) réduit la consommation de morphine postopératoire après une double transplantation pulmonaire chez des patients atteints de broncho-pneumopathie chronique obstructive (BPCO). Méthodes : nous avons mené une étude rétrospective mono-centrique au centre hospitalier universitaire (CHU) de Bordeaux entre janvier 2019 et mai 2022 sur des patients bénéficiant d'une transplantation pulmonaire pour BPCO. Les patients étaient répartis en deux groupes : OFA et OBA. Le critère principal était la consommation totale de morphine postopératoire en équivalent morphine intraveineuse pendant les 48 heures suivant le retour à un état de conscience correspondant à un score échelle d'agitation et de sédation de Richmond (RASS) de 0. Les critères secondaires comprenaient le besoin en vasopresseurs, la consommation d'hypnotiques, la durée de ventilation mécanique postopératoire, l'hypercapnie postopératoire persistante. Résultats : nous avons inclus rétrospectivement 31 patients, 12 dans le groupe OFA et 19 dans le groupe OBA. Ils présentaient les mêmes caractéristiques démographiques. La dose médiane d'opioïde en équivalent de morphine intraveineuse pour les 48 premières heures était la même dans les groupes OFA et OBA (25 mg [17,75 - 50,6] versus 33,5 mg [21,5 - 44,25], p=0,595). Les doses de noradrénaline étaient plus faibles dans le groupe OFA (0,537 mg [0,291 - 1,00] contre 3,547 mg [2,279 - 7,373], p=0,001). La durée postopératoire de ventilation mécanique était plus faible dans le groupe OFA (12 heures [6 - 20] contre 19 heures [15 - 42], p=0,042). Conclusion : cette étude n'a pas montré de réduction de la consommation postopératoire de morphine chez les patients recevant l'OFA dans le cadre d'une transplantation pulmonaire pour BPCO.Background: opioid-free anesthesia is an anesthetic technique used for its morphine sparing qualities. This technique has never been studied in lung transplantation. The main objective of this study is to demonstrate that, compared with opioid based anesthesia (OBA), opioid free anesthesia (OFA) lowers postoperative morphine consumption after double lung transplantation of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: we conducted a single center retrospective study in the Bordeaux university hospital between January 2019 and May 2022 on patients undergoing a lung transplantation for COPD. Patients were divided into two groups: OFA and OBA. The primary endpoint was the total postoperative morphine consumption in equivalent intravenous morphine during the 48 hours after return to a state of consciousness corresponding to a Richmond agitation sedation scale (RASS) score of 0. Secondary outcomes included vasopressor support, hypnotic consumption, postoperative ventilation time, postoperative hypercapnia. Results: we retrospectively included 31 patients, 12 in the OFA group and 19 in the OBA group, who had the same demographic characteristics. The median dose of opioid in equivalent of intravenous morphine for the 48 first hours was the same in the OFA and OBA groups (25 mg [17,75 - 50,6] versus 33,5 mg [21,5 - 44,25], p=0,595). The doses of norepinephrine were lower in the OFA group (0,537mg [0,291 - 1,00] versus 3,547 mg [2,279 - 7,373], p=0,001). The postoperative time of mechanical ventilation was lower in the OFA group (12 hours [6 - 20] versus 19 hours [15 - 42], p=0,042). Conclusion: this study did not show any reduction in the morphine postoperative consumption for patient receiving OFA in lung transplantation for COPD
Why move during virtual reality sketching? Experimental study to improve the quality of sketches in virtual reality
No full textVirtual Reality (VR) sketching is a valuable tool for conceptual understanding, creativity, and design, but quality issues can hinder its adoption. To address this, we conducted a study involving 15 novices and 15 experts who sketched three chair models in static, mobile, and control conditions. The results showed that mental rotation skills, training, model type, and movement impact sketch quality. The static condition negatively affected performance, particularly volume and proportion. Conversely, the mobile condition didn't improve sketch quality compared to the control group. 3D perception seems tied to movement, highlighting the need to adapt VR sketching software for these challenges. Enhancing the user experience and addressing these quality concerns will be pivotal in the widespread acceptance of VR sketching tools