Oskar Bordeaux
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Mining microbiota data to identify antagonists of grapevine downy mildew.
No full textCultivating the grapevine without pesticides : towards agroecological wine-producing socio-ecosystem
ECOLOGGING : réseau de Stations Instrumentées Évolutives Modulables et Déplaçable en IoT
No full textCe poster qui est présenté aux J2M 2025, montre le réseau de stations instrumentées IoT low cost développées dans le cadre du projet ECOLOGGING pouvant réaliser des mesures de météorologie, de température et de niveau d'eau, de suivi du sol (en humidité et température) et de Gaz à Effet de Serre.Ces stations ont été déployées sur le territoire français, ainsi qu'en Guyane afin de les tester dans différents écosystèmes et conditions climatiques.Nous présentons également toute la chaîne d'acquisition sécurisée qui utilise un broker MQTTs, Node-Red, une base de données et Grafana.L'émission et la réception des données en 4G est fiable tout comme la récupération des données de l’ensemble des stations qui ont été déployées sur les différents sites, y compris en Guyane
cMFA for multi-omics data integration in microbial community models
No full textUnderstanding microbial community functions is challenging due to complex interactions and assembly mechanisms; however, advances in sequencing have enabled the collection of multi-omics data, including population counts and metabolomic or metatranscriptomic data. Our main objective is to develop a mathematical model capable of integrating time series of multiomics data at a community scale. We introduce the community metabolic flux analysis (cMFA) method, which generalizes metabolic flux analyses (MFA) , using a list of time series data of experimentally measured production and consumption rates of metabolites and microorganism growth . We aim to infer, for each member ofthe microbial community, the intracellular distribution of metabolic fluxes by solving the inference problem. We evaluated the cMFA method on synthetic data from dynamic models of increasingly complex microbial communities, based on metabolic models of different mutants of Escherichia coli using dynamic flux balance analysis . Synthetic metatranscriptomic data were obtained from internal metabolic fluxes in the dynamic model. Different regularization terms were tested, including different levels of sparsity, for the selected penalty weight . To evaluate the robustness of the method, multiplebenchmarks were tested. These included assessments of the robustness of the method to data noise, incomplete meta-transcriptomic data, inaccurate prior knowledge of metabolic import rates and larger microbial community. We are currently working with real data, including data on denitrification and cheese productionComputationel models of crop plant microbial biodiversit
Nat Genet
No full textDespite their central role in transcription, it has been difficult to define universal sequences associated with eukaryotic promoters. Within the chromatin context, recruitment of transcriptional machinery requires promoter opening, but how DNA elements contribute to this process is unclear. Here we show that G-quadruplex (G4) secondary DNA structures are highly enriched at mammalian promoters. G4s are located at the deepest point of nucleosome exclusion at promoters and correlate with maximum promoter activity. We found that experimental G4s exclude nucleosomes in vivo and in vitro while favouring strong positioning. At model promoters, impairing G4s affected both transcriptional activity and chromatin opening. G4 destabilization also resulted in an inactive promoter state and affected the transition to effective RNA production. Finally, G4 stabilization resulted in global reduction of proximal promoter pausing. Altogether, our data introduce G4s as bona fide promoter elements allowing nucleosome exclusion and facilitating pause-release by RNA polymerase II
Planar Low-Loss Ultra-Wideband Coaxial-Less Balun and 4-Way Combiner for High-Power Applications
No full textThis paper presents a planar high-power low-loss ultra-wideband balun and its application in the design of a 4-way combiner. The balun is based on a ferrite core and printed circuit board (PCB) transmission lines. Its coaxial-less design offers a PFAS-free alternative, enhanced flexibility due to unrestricted characteristic impedances, as well as improved repeatability and cost-efficiency by minimizing assembly steps. The paper details the balun's analysis, simulation, and implementation, supported by experimental validation. Across the 20 to 835 MHz frequency range, the balun achieves a return loss (RL) and insertion loss (IL) better than 22.4 dB and 0.5 dB, respectively, with amplitude and phase imbalances less than 0.7 dB and 10°, respectively. Additionally, the paper demonstrates a 4 -way combiner based on the proposed balun. The combiner achieves measured RL and IL values better than 17.5 dB and 0.5 dB, respectively, within the 20 to 500 MHz frequency range, while successfully handling over 400 W of pulsed power
African trypanosomiasis, current treatments and test of new molecules
No full textLa trypanosomiase africaine est une parasitose vectorielle transmise aux Hommes et aux animaux par une piqûre de glossine. Elle provoque une maladie aux symptômes variés appelée Maladie du Sommeil chez l’humain. Il n’existe pas de vaccin et peu de traitements sont efficaces pour lutter contre le parasite. Cette pathologie est sur le point d’être éradiquée sur le continent Africain cependant de nombreuses résistances aux médicaments actuels apparaissent sur le terrain. Afin de découvrir de nouveaux moyens de lutte, j’ai synthétisé de nouvelles molécules que j’ai testées ensuite sur le parasite afin de montrer leur efficacité. Ces molécules sont toxiques à de très faibles concentrations pour le parasite et sont un bon point de départ pour la recherche de composés à l’activité trypanocide.African trypanosomiasis is a vector parasitosis transmitted to humans and animals by the tsetse fly. It causes a disease with various symptoms called Sleeping Sickness in humans. There is no vaccine and few treatments are effective to control the parasite. This pathology will be soon eradicated from the African continent. However, lots of resistances to current drugs appear on the field. In order to discover new way of fight, I synthesized new molecules that I tested on the parasite in order to show their activity. These molecules are toxic at very low concentrations to the parasite and are a good starting point for the search for compounds with trypanocidal activity
La délinquance politico-financière comme maladie de la démocratie : Du syndrôme panaméen aux symptômes libyens
No full textJAMA Netw Open
No full textTransgender women (assigned male at birth) usually take antiandrogens associated with estrogens (or are castrated) to induce feminization, whereas transgender men (assigned female at birth) take testosterone to induce masculinization. However, the cardiovascular outcomes of these gender-affirming hormone therapies (GAHTs) remain poorly studied. To examine the association between GAHT intake and cardiac repolarization alterations on electrocardiography in transgender individuals. In this cohort study, data from a prospective cohort of adult transgender individuals from a single center in France were collected from January 1, 2021, to January 1, 2023. GAHT consisted of injectable testosterone in transgender men and transdermal estradiol with mostly oral cyproterone acetate as antiandrogens in transgender women. Electrocardiographic features, including QTc, T-wave maximal amplitude (TAmp), and QT peak (QTp; distance between Q onset and T peak), were studied. Circulating sex hormones, including total testosterone, estradiol, progesterone, and gonadotrophins, were assessed concomitantly to electrocardiographic intake. In the overall cohort of 120 transgender individuals (mean [SD] age, 29.7 [11.9] years; 64 transgender men and 56 transgender women), mean (SD) QTc was similar between 35 transgender women receiving GAHT (406 [20] milliseconds) and 23 transgender men before GAHT (400 [16] milliseconds) but prolonged vs 41 transgender men receiving GAHT (378 [19] milliseconds) (P < .001) or 21 transgender women before receiving GAHT (384 [21] milliseconds) (P < .001). The start of GAHT in 15 transgender women was associated with increased QTc (mean [SD], 20 [12] milliseconds vs before receiving GAHT; P < .001) and decreased QTc in 18 transgender men (mean [SD], -17 [16] milliseconds vs before receiving GAHT; P < .001). No participant had a QTc greater than 480 milliseconds or QTc change greater than 60 milliseconds after the start of GAHT in this study. Nonlinear mixed models (eg, integrating age, calcemia, relevant circulating hormones levels, and torsadogenic drug intake) showed that QTc was associated with total testosterone in transgender men (mean [SD] estimate, -1.6 [0.6] ms/ng/mL; P = .007) and prolactin (mean [SD], 0.4 [0.1] ms/ng/mL; P < .001). In transgender women, QTc was associated with total testosterone (mean [SD] estimate, -3.5 [0.8] ms/ng/mL; P < .001). Variation of QTp and TAmp observed after the start of GAHT and associated hormonal alteration were globally associated with those observed with QTc, although in opposite directions for transgender women and transgender men. In this cohort study, testosterone use in transgender men was associated with QTc and QTp shortening and increased TAmp. Androgen deprivation in transgender women was associated with opposite observations. The magnitude of QTc sexual dimorphism seen in cisgender adults was also observed in the transgender population. This work highlights that potential GAHT effects on cardiac repolarization warrant attention in the exponentially increasing transgender population, which is often exposed to coprescribed drugs prolonging QTc and at risk of TdP
Microorganisms
No full textZika virus (ZIKV) remains a pressing global health concern due to its association with congenital Zika syndrome and the current lack of approved antiviral therapies. In this study, we evaluated the antiviral activity of three novel thiazolidinedione derivatives, GQ-402, GQ-396, and ZKC-10, against ZIKV in vitro and investigated their potential molecular targets through in silico analysis. GQ-402 exhibited the highest antiviral potency, with an IC of 15.7 µM, while ZKC-10 achieved the most substantial reduction in viral RNA levels, as determined by RT-qPCR. Molecular docking studies identified GQ-396 as the top-ranked inhibitor of the NS2B-NS3 protease and NS5 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase, suggesting distinct mechanisms of action among the compounds. These findings highlight the therapeutic potential of thiazolidinedione derivatives and underscore the need for further investigation to develop effective treatments for ZIKV infection